(2S)-2-hydroxypropanoic acid
D(-)-lactic acid
CAS: 10326-41-7
Molecular Formula: C3H6O3
(2S)-2-hydroxypropanoic acid - Names and Identifiers
| Name | D(-)-lactic acid |
| Synonyms | (r)-lactate (R)-Lactate D-MILK ACID D-LACTIC ACID D(-)LACTIC ACID (R)-lactic acid D-()-Lactic acid D(-)-lactic acid D-2-HYDROXYPROPANOIC ACID D(-)lactic acid free acid (R)-2-Hydroxypropanoic acid (R)-2-HYDROXYPROPIONIC ACID (2S)-2-hydroxypropanoic acid (2R)-2-hydroxypropanoic acid |
| CAS | 10326-41-7 |
| EINECS | 233-713-2 |
| InChI | InChI=1/C3H6O3/c1-2(4)3(5)6/h2,4H,1H3,(H,5,6)/t2-/m0/s1 |
| InChIKey | JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UWTATZPHSA-N |
(2S)-2-hydroxypropanoic acid - Physico-chemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | C3H6O3 |
| Molar Mass | 90.08 |
| Density | 1.276±0.06 g/cm3(Predicted) |
| Melting Point | 52.8° |
| Boling Point | 227.6±0.0 °C(Predicted) |
| Specific Rotation(α) | 54621.5 -2.6° (c = 8) |
| Flash Point | 109.9°C |
| JECFA Number | 930 |
| Water Solubility | Soluble in water (50mg/ml) |
| Solubility | H2O: 0.1g/mL, clear, colorless |
| Vapor Presure | 3.8Pa at 25℃ |
| Appearance | Low Melting Solid |
| Color | White to Off-white |
| Merck | 14,5335 |
| BRN | 1720252 |
| pKa | pK = 3.83(at 25℃) |
| Storage Condition | -20°C |
| Stability | Hygroscopic |
| Refractive Index | 1.4280 to 1.4320 |
(2S)-2-hydroxypropanoic acid - Risk and Safety
| Hazard Symbols | Xi - Irritant |
| Risk Codes | R38 - Irritating to the skin R41 - Risk of serious damage to eyes |
| Safety Description | S26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. S39 - Wear eye / face protection. |
| UN IDs | UN 3265 8/PG III |
| WGK Germany | 3 |
| FLUKA BRAND F CODES | 3-10 |
| TSCA | Yes |
| Hazard Class | 8 |
| Packing Group | III |
(2S)-2-hydroxypropanoic acid - Reference
| Reference Show more | 1. [IF=3.576] Lu Han et al."Rapid Non-Destructive Quantification of Eugenol in Curdlan Biofilms by Electronic Nose Combined with Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry."Sensors-Basel. 2020 Jan;20(16):4441 |
(2S)-2-hydroxypropanoic acid - Standard
Authoritative Data Verified Data
This product is a mixture of 2-hydroxypropionic acid and its condensate. The lactic acid content shall be 85.0% to 92.0%(g/g) Calculated as C3H603.
Last Update：2024-01-02 23:10:35
(2S)-2-hydroxypropanoic acid - Trait
Authoritative Data Verified Data
- This product is colorless or almost colorless clear viscous liquid; Almost odorless; Hygroscopicity; Acidic reaction in aqueous solution.
- This product can be mixed with water and ethanol at will.
relative density
The relative density of this product (General 0601) is 1.20~1.21.
Last Update：2022-01-01 13:36:50
(2S)-2-hydroxypropanoic acid - Differential diagnosis
Authoritative Data Verified Data
The product of the aqueous solution of lactate (General 0301) identification reaction.
Last Update：2022-01-01 13:36:50
(2S)-2-hydroxypropanoic acid - Exam
Authoritative Data Verified Data
Color
take this product, and yellow 1 Standard Colorimetric liquid (General Principles 0901 The first method) comparison, not deeper.
chloride
Take 3. Og of this product and check it according to law (General rule 0801). Compared with the control solution made of standard sodium chloride solution 6. Oral, it should not be more concentrated (0. 002%).
sulfate
take this product 2. G, check according to law (General rule 0802), and standard potassium sulfate solution 0.010% ML made of the control solution, should not be more concentrated ().
build pants, oxalic acid, phosphoric acid or tartaric acid
take 0.5g of this product, add appropriate amount of water to make it 5ml, mix well, adjust it to slightly alkaline with ammonia test solution, add 1 ml of calcium chloride test solution, and heat it in water bath for 5 minutes without producing turbidity.
easily carbonized
take 5ml of 95% (g/g) sulfuric acid and place it in a clean test tube. Add 5ml of this product along the tube wall to form two liquid layers and let it stand at 15°C for 15 minutes, the interface shall not be darker in color than light yellow.
reducing sugar
take 20% g of this product, Add 10ml of water, mix with sodium hydroxide solution to neutral, add 6mL of Alkaline copper tartrate solution, heat and boil for 2 minutes, and do not produce red precipitate.
ignition residue
not more than 0.1% (General rule 0841).
calcium salt
take 1. 0g of this product, add 10ml of water to dissolve, add ammonia test solution to neutralize, add several drops of ammonium oxalate test solution, and do not produce turbidity.
Iron Salt
take l.Og of this product and check it according to law (General rule 0807). Compared with the control solution made of 0.001% of standard iron solution, it shall not be deeper ().
Heavy metals
take 2.0g of this product, Add 10ml of water and 1 drop of phenolphthalein indicator solution, add appropriate amount of ammonia test solution to make the solution pink, add 3ml of dilute hydrochloric acid and appropriate amount of water to make it 25ml, inspection according to law (General Principles 0821, Law 1), containing heavy metals shall not exceed 10 parts per million.
arsenic salt
take 2.0g of this product, add water 23ml diluted, add hydrochloric acid 5ml, according to the law (General Principles 0822 first law), should comply with the provisions (0.0001%).
Last Update：2022-01-01 13:36:51
(2S)-2-hydroxypropanoic acid - Content determination
Authoritative Data Verified Data
take this product about lg, precision weighing, add water 50ml, precision plus sodium hydroxide titration solution (lmol/L )25ml, boil for 5 minutes, add 2 drops of phenolphthalein indicator solution, while hot, titrate with sulfuric acid titration solution (0.5mol/L), and correct the titration result with a blank test. Each 1 ml of sodium hydroxide titration solution (1 mol/L) corresponds to 90.08mg of c3h603.
Last Update：2022-01-01 13:36:51
(2S)-2-hydroxypropanoic acid - Category
Authoritative Data Verified Data
Disinfection antiseptic.
Last Update：2022-01-01 13:36:51
(2S)-2-hydroxypropanoic acid - Storage
Authoritative Data Verified Data
sealed storage.
Last Update：2022-01-01 13:36:52
(2S)-2-hydroxypropanoic acid - Reference Information
| FEMA | 2611 | LACTIC ACID |
| LogP | -0.54 at 20℃ |
| EPA chemical information | Information provided by: ofmpub.epa.gov (external link) |
| overview | lactic acid has two isomers of L-lactic acid and D-lactic acid (above 90% is L-lactic acid), and the clinical determination is mainly L-lactic acid, which is a sensitive indicator of tissue hypoxia. D-lactic acid is different from L-lactic acid, which is unique in origin, metabolism, excretion and clinical significance. In recent years, the research and understanding of the above uniqueness of D-lactic acid have been deepened and improved. Under normal circumstances, D-lactic acid in the human body is derived from the metabolism of acetone aldehyde, and the content in the blood is very small. When a large number of gastrointestinal bacteria are fermented and the intestinal barrier function is impaired, its content can rise up to a thousand times, and even lead to D-lactic acidosis. Previous studies suggest that D-lactic acid is slowly metabolized by D-hydroxy-acid-dehydrogenase and is mainly excreted by the kidneys. However, it has recently been reported that the metabolic capacity of D-lactic acid is relatively high, and the existence of D-lactate dehydrogenase is speculated. The increase of D-lactic acid level in blood has also attracted much attention. It may be a diagnostic indicator for a series of diseases such as sepsis, traumatic shock, and inflammatory bowel disease. |
| source | D-lactic acid mainly comes from the following three pathways:(1) acetone aldehyde pathway: normal serum lactic acid level is 1~2mmol/L. L-lactic acid is the main component, which is derived from the anaerobic glycolysis of pyruvate; D-lactic acid is only 1% ~ 5% of L-lactic acid, which is derived from the metabolism of acetone aldehyde. Under physiological conditions, the content of acetone aldehyde is extremely low. It is derived from the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats and proteins, and is catalyzed by glyoxalases I and II into D-lactic acid, as shown in Figure 1. (2) Gastrointestinal tract glycolysis: D-lactic acid can be produced by glycolysis of various bacteria in gastrointestinal tract. Under normal circumstances, D-lactic acid produced by this pathway does not pose a threat to the body's acid-base imbalance, because other bacteria in the intestinal tract can convert it into acetate and short-chain fatty acids. However, in case of intestinal barrier dysfunction, this pathway is often the main source of D-lactic acidosis or acidosis. (3) Exogenous intake: This includes a series of fermented foods such as pickles, yogurt and pharmaceutical preparations. It has recently been found that high levels of propylene glycol (a solvent for pharmaceutical preparations or processed foods) can lead to an increase in blood D-lactic acid, and even severe metabolic acidosis. |
| Biological activity | D-(-)-Lactic acid is an intermediate product of sugar fermentation (oxidation, new metabolism). D-(-)-Lactic acid is a competitive inhibitor of ProDH (proline dehydrogenase 1) in plants. |
Last Update：2024-04-09 20:52:54
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