Cemandil sodium salt
Cefamandole Nafate
CAS: 42540-40-9
Molecular Formula: C19H17N6NaO6S2
Cemandil sodium salt - Names and Identifiers
Cemandil sodium salt - Physico-chemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | C19H17N6NaO6S2 |
| Molar Mass | 512.49 |
| Melting Point | 190-193°C |
| Water Solubility | Freely soluble in water. Sparingly soluble in methanol |
| Solubility | Freely soluble in water, sparingly soluble in methanol. |
| Appearance | neat |
| Color | White to Off-White |
| pKa | 2.6-3.0(at 25℃) |
| Storage Condition | Inert atmosphere,Store in freezer, under -20°C |
Cemandil sodium salt - Risk and Safety
| Hazard Symbols | Xn - Harmful |
| Risk Codes | R36/37/38 - Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin. R42/43 - May cause sensitization by inhalation and skin contact. |
| Safety Description | S26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. S36 - Wear suitable protective clothing. |
| WGK Germany | 3 |
| RTECS | XI0380000 |
| HS Code | 2941906000 |
Cemandil sodium salt - Preparation solution concentration reference
| 1mg | 5mg | 10mg | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 mM | 1.951 ml | 9.756 ml | 19.513 ml |
| 5 mM | 0.39 ml | 1.951 ml | 3.903 ml |
| 10 mM | 0.195 ml | 0.976 ml | 1.951 ml |
| 5 mM | 0.039 ml | 0.195 ml | 0.39 ml |
Last Update：2024-01-02 23:10:35
Cemandil sodium salt - Reference Information
| cephalosporin antibiotics | cefametolate sodium is a kind of strong bactericidal action of the second generation cephalosporin antibiotics, it has some advantages of the first and third generation cephalosporins, and is stable to β-lactamase and has a broad antibacterial spectrum. Cefamandole Ester sodium antibacterial activity is only cefamendole 1/10~1/5, cefamendole Ester sodium into the body quickly hydrolyzed into cefamendole, so both in vivo antibacterial effect is basically the same. Cefmendo has a strong antibacterial effect on most Gram-positive cocci, and its activity is similar to cefalotin and cefazolin. Enterococcus and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus are resistant to this product. This product has a good effect on diphtheria and gram-positive anaerobic bacteria (anaerobic cocci and Clostridium), Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, pneumonia the activity of Klebsiella and Haemophilus influenzae was stronger than that of cefalotin and cefazolin. Some of Enterobacter aerogenes, indole-positive Proteus and pruwden were all sensitive to this product. Salmonella Typhi, Shigella, Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Neisseria meningitidis are also very sensitive to this product and have poor antibacterial effect against Bacteroides fragilis. Serratia, Alcaligenes, Acinetobacter and Pseudomonas aeruginosa resistant to this product. Its mechanism of action is to combine with the penicillin binding protein (PBPs) on the bacterial cell membrane to make the transpeptidase acylation, inhibit the synthesis of bacterial septum and cell wall, and affect the cross-linking of cell wall mucopeptides, it inhibits cell division and growth, lengthens bacterial morphology, and finally dissolves and dies. Cefamandole Ester sodium chemical name is 7-D-(2-formyloxyphenylacetamide)-3-[(1-methyl-1h-tetrazol-5) thiomethyl]-3-cefoperine-4-carboxylic acid sodium salt, suitable for sensitive bacteria caused by lung infection, urinary tract infection, biliary tract infection, skin and soft tissue infection, bone and joint infection and sepsis, abdominal infection. It was successfully founded by the United States Poly Company in 1972, and was first listed in the UK in 1978. The trade name of injection was MANDOL, and it was first listed in China by Shanghai New Pioneer Pharmaceutical, hainan lingkang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. and other manufacturers began to copy the declaration, 2005 China approved the import of Yungjin Pharm.Co., ltd (Korea) cefamandole Ester sodium raw material medicine and Taiwan Shengda pharmaceutical 2 specifications of cefamandole Ester sodium for injection. Figure 1 structural formula of cefamandole sodium |
| pharmacokinetics | This product is rapidly hydrolyzed into cefamandole by intramuscular or intravenous administration in vivo. Intramuscular injection of cefamandole 1g (I. E. Injection of cefamandole sodium equivalent to 1g cefamandole, the same below), peak plasma concentration (Cmax) reached 1 hour later, 21.2mg/L,6 hours of blood concentration of 1.3mg/L. Intravenous injection and intravenous infusion (infusion time 1 hour) 1g immediately after the blood concentration were 104.7 mg/L and 53.9mg/L,15 minutes after about half, after 4 hours there was only trace amounts, 0.19mg/L and 0.06mg/L, respectively. The volume of distribution (Vd) of cefamandole was 0.16L/kg. Animal injection of this product, the drug quickly distributed in the body tissues and organs, heart, lung, liver, spleen, stomach, intestine, the concentration in the reproductive organs and other organs was 8 ~ 24% of the blood drug concentration, and the drug concentration in kidney, bile and urine was 2 times, 4.6 times and 145 times of the blood drug concentration respectively. The concentration of bile was 141 ~ 325mg/L, ascites, pericardial fluid and joint fluid was 5.5~25mg/L. When there is inflammation in the meninges, the product can penetrate the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier, and the concentration of the cerebrospinal fluid is related to the amount of protein. 33mg/kg was injected intravenously according to body weight in patients with bacterial meningitis. When the cerebrospinal fluid protein was lower or higher than 0.62mg/mL, the drug concentration was 0~0.57 mg/L and 7.4 ~ mg/L, respectively. The protein binding rate was 78%. The blood elimination half-life of intramuscular injection and intravenous administration in normal adults is 0.5 to 1.2 hours. The blood elimination half-life was prolonged to 3 hours and more than 10 hours in patients with moderate and severe renal insufficiency, respectively. This product is not metabolized in the body, through glomerular filtration and tubular secretion, from the urine to the original form of discharge. The urinary drug concentration at 0 to 3 hours after intramuscular injection was above 3000mg/L, and the excretion at 24 hours was 61%. The urinary excretion 24 hours after intravenous administration was 70% to 90%. A small amount (0.08%) can be excreted in the bile, bile up to effective therapeutic concentration. Oral Probenecid can increase the blood concentration of this product and prolong the half-life. Peritoneal dialysis to remove the efficacy of this product is poor, 12 hours dialysis can only remove 3.9% of the dose; Hemodialysis clearance rate is higher, severe renal impairment after hemodialysis, half-life can be shortened to 6.2 hours. |
| synthetic route | with 7-ATCA(2) as the starting material, N, which is mild and easy to control, O-bis (trimethylsilyl) acetamide (3) is used as a Silylation protecting agent, and then reacted with formyl mandeloyl chloride (5) to hydrolyze cefamandoleic acid (6), the product compound (1) was obtained without isolation into a salt reaction. Figure 1 shows the reaction scheme of cefamandole sodium |
| Use | for Pneumonia Streptococcus, Haemophilus influenzae, Klebsiella, Staphylococcus aureus, pulmonary infection, urinary tract infection, biliary tract infection, skin and soft tissue infection, bone and joint infection, septicemia and abdominal infection caused by beta hemolytic Streptococcus, Proteus mirabilis and Escherichia coli. |
| adverse reactions | 1. Allergic reactions: Drug eruption, urticaria, eosinophilia, drug fever, etc. 2. Liver: a small number of patients may have transient elevation of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase. 3. Kidney: rare reversible renal damage, such as serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen increased. 4. Blood: A small number of patients with large doses of medication, due to the interference of vitamin K in the liver metabolism, can cause low blood coagulation factor II, Coagulation Abnormalities caused by the bleeding tendency, prothrombin time and bleeding time, more common in renal dysfunction. 5. Other: intramuscular injection or intravenous administration can cause injection site pain, severe cases can cause thrombophlebitis. |
| note | 1. On the goods or other cephalosporin drug allergy, penicillin anaphylactic shock or immediate reaction history disabled. 2. Allergic to penicillin, renal dysfunction, a history of gastrointestinal disease, especially ulcerative colitis or pseudomembranous enteritis and so with caution. Pregnant women with caution, lactating women should not use; Elderly patients with renal dysfunction, dose adjustment; Newborns and premature infants are not recommended. 4. The effect of drugs on the test value or diagnosis: the determination of urine glucose by copper sulfate method can be false positive; Direct antiglobulin test can be positive. 5. Before and after medication and medication should be checked or monitored: Long-term medication should be regularly checked liver and kidney function and blood routine; Renal dysfunction in large doses of medication, should detect bleeding, clotting time. 6. Preparation of solution for injection: intramuscular injection solution, every 1g of this product plus 3ml Sterile Water for Injection or 0.9% sodium chloride injection dissolution, deep intramuscular injection; Intravenous injection solution, add at least Sterile Water for Injection or 5% glucose injection or 0.9% sodium chloride injection 10ml per 1g of this product for intravenous injection; Add Sterile Water for Injection 10mL solution per 1g of this product for intravenous drip, diluted with an appropriate amount of infusion (such as 5% glucose injection or 0.9% sodium chloride injection). |
| drug interaction | 1. Combined with probenecid, it can increase the plasma concentration of this product and prolong the half-life. 2. Combined with aminoglycoside antibiotics such as gentamicin and amikacin, it can have synergistic antibacterial effect on some Gram-positive bacilli, but it cannot be mixed in the same container, and should be administered separately, otherwise the curative effect of the two can be reduced. 3. With the production of low blood coagulation factor II blood, thrombocytopenia or gastrointestinal ulcer drugs, can interfere with coagulation function and increase the risk of bleeding. Combination with aminoglycosides, polymyxins, furosemide, and etanoic acid may increase nephrotoxicity. 5. Can not be used with alcohol or ethanol preparations, so as not to cause alcohol withdrawal like reaction. 6. This product injection contains sodium carbonate, should not be mixed with calcium or magnesium solution (such as compound sodium chloride injection or compound sodium lactate injection), so as not to produce precipitation. (2016-03-02) |
| usage and dosage | intramuscular injection: General dosage, 2~8g per day, 3~4 times of deep intramuscular injection, the highest dose does not exceed 12G. Skin infections, uncomplicated Pneumonia and urinary tract infections, 0.5 to 1g each time, once every 6 hours. Intravenous injection or intravenous drip: General dosage, daily 2~8G, 3~4 times, intravenous or slow intravenous injection (3~5 minutes); Skin infection, no complications of Pneumonia or urinary tract infection, same intramuscular injection. Appropriate reduction in renal insufficiency. |
Last Update：2024-04-10 22:29:15
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