Flos Daturae Extract
Flos Daturae Extract
CAS: 500-01-6
Molecular Formula:
Flos Daturae Extract - Names and Identifiers
| Name | Flos Daturae Extract |
| Synonyms | Flower extract Flos Daturae Extract Datura flower extract |
| CAS | 500-01-6 |
Flos Daturae Extract - References
| plant extract | Datura metel L. Or Datura Datura innoxia Mill. The dried flowers as raw material extraction of active substances, the main component of total alkaloids, commonly used in asthma Cough, abdominal cold pain, rheumatism pain, children slow down, surgical anesthesia. |
| extraction source | Datura Flos is Datura metel L. Or Datura Datura innoxia Mill. Of the dried flowers. Also known as Datura flower, humina flower, big red flower, Tiger eggplant flower, drunk impatiens flower, sheep startle flower, wind eggplant flower and the Big Horn flower and so on. Nanyang golden flower: the dried flowers of the white Datura; Beiyang golden flower: the dried flowers of the hairy Datura. Mainly produced in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Fujian, Guangdong and other places, most parts of the country are distributed. Its sexual taste Xin, warm, small poison, with asthma cough, labor pain, antispasmodic, anesthetic effect, for asthma Cough, abdominal cold pain, rheumatism pain, slow down in children, sore pain and other conditions, and as a surgical anesthetic. Datura stramonium, annual, all proximal to hairless. Stem upright, cylindrical. Leaves alternate, oval. Flowers solitary between leaf axils or upper branches, Calyx-tube-shaped, yellowish green, increasing in size and discoid in fruit. Crown funnel-shaped, white. Stamen 5, pistil 1. Capsule spherical. Most of the seeds. Flowering period: 3-11 months. The fruit period was from 4 to 11 months. Datura stramonium is an annual herb. The shape is similar to the above species, but the whole body is densely white. Flowers white or light blue. Flowering period: 5-9 days. Fruit period 6~10 months. This information was compiled by Shi Yan. Figure 1 is the golden flower |
| Chemical composition and properties | contains scopolamine, hyoscyamine, atropine, desmethylhyoscyamine and other alkaloids. Hyoscyamine: tetragonal needle Crystal (ethanol),mp 108.5 ℃,[α]D20-21 ° (ethanol), soluble in ethanol, chloroform and benzene, slightly soluble in water and ether. It was dissolved in absolute ethanol and heated at 0.16% NaOH or 120 ° C. For 30 minutes. It was converted into atropine by racemization. Atropine: long oblique prism columnar crystal (acetone),mp 114 ℃ ~ 116 ℃, soluble in ethanol, chloroform, soluble in CCl4, benzene, insoluble in ether or hot water, more difficult to dissolve in cold water, almost insoluble in petroleum ether. Atropine sulfate is colorless crystal or white crystalline powder, mp 190 ℃ ~ 194 ℃, easily soluble in water, soluble in ethanol, difficult to dissolve in chloroform, ether and acetone. Scopolamine: viscous liquid,[α]D20-28 °(c = 2.7). Dissolve in 9.5 parts of water to form hydrate crystals, mp 59 °c. Soluble in hot water, ethanol, ether, chloroform and acetone, slightly soluble in benzene and petroleum ether, easy to acid-base hydrolysis. Demethylanisodamine: Flake Crystal (acetone),mp 131 ℃ ~ 134.5 ℃,[α]D27-6.9 °(c = 1.23, ethanol), slightly soluble in water and ether, soluble in ethanol and chloroform. Figure 2 is the structural formula |
| pharmacological action | 1. Anesthesia and central inhibitory effect to the rabbit cerebroventricular injection of active ingredient scopolamine animal righting reflex and hearing disappeared, pain reaction is slow, presented shallow anesthesia state. Clinical observation of yangjinhua preparation (total alkaloids, scopolamine) to achieve the depth of anesthesia, equivalent to the three stage of ether anesthesia, increasing the dose is not easy to increase the depth, sometimes can cause limb movement, side effects such as muscle Nervousness. Scopolamine, the main component of yangjinhua, has a central inhibitory effect, which mainly inhibits some parts of the cerebral cortex and subcortex, such as the disappearance of consciousness, producing anesthesia, it is considered that this is related to the blocking of M-choline receptors in the cerebral cortex and brain stem network structure, and may also be related to the role of norepinephrine in the central nervous system. 2. Analgesic effect it is generally believed that scopolamine does not affect the pain threshold, but recent pharmacological experiments and clinical observations have shown that it produces analgesia and enhances the analgesic effect of pethidine through its anti-adrenergic effect. Tests also showed that scopolamine can make the rat's pain threshold increased by 42% ~ 80%. Some people also believe that "pain" is caused by vasospasm, insufficient blood supply, microcirculation disturbance, yangjinhua can eliminate vasospasm, improve microcirculation and play a role in analgesia. The role of the respiratory system is generally believed that scopolamine and atropine can stimulate the respiratory center, so that breathing, ventilation increased. Such as excessive respiratory depression occurs, died of respiratory center paralysis. Studies have shown that yangjinhua on experimental tracheitis in rats with inhibition of tracheal mucous glands, goblet cells decreased significantly. Small dose of yangjinhua injection can antagonize the contraction of isolated guinea pig tracheal smooth muscle induced by acetylcholine or histamine. 4. The role of the circulatory system scopolamine can relieve the vagus nerve inhibition of the heart, speed up the heart rate. Atropine has a similar effect and is stronger. Normal rabbits and anesthetized dogs injected with atropine or scopolamine, can antagonize the adrenaline or norepinephrine-induced heart rhythm disorder, but can not antagonize the heart rhythm caused by accelerated, intravenous injection of total alkaloids or scopolamine, in some cases, the S-T segment of ECG was depressed, the T wave was flat, and the T wave was inverted in some cases, which may be related to the increase of heart rate and heart load for a long time, but all of them could return to normal. 5. Enhance or adjust the body resistance to disease through the clinical observation of patients with bronchial asthma and chronic bronchitis, can make the majority of patients with immunoglobulin A (IgA), lysozyme increased in varying degrees, enhanced phagocytosis, blood eosinophilic leukopenia. Therefore, yangjinhua can improve the body's non-specific immunity and adjust the body's stress function, thereby enhancing the body's resistance to disease. 6. Anti-Shock effect total alkaloids of yangjinhua for traumatic Shock mice, can significantly prolong the survival time, can make norepinephrine or traumatic Shock caused by microcirculation stagnation of blood flow again. It also has a protective effect on the kidney of hemorrhagic shock rabbits. The mechanism of yangjinhua anti-Shock is due to the improvement of microcirculation and correction of a series of metabolic disorders caused by hypoxia of tissue cells, which can show blood pressure rise and pulse pressure increase in the Shock state, increased urine output and other anti-Shock effect. 7. Other effects of yangjinhua alcohol extract have mydriatic effect, glaucoma patients disabled; Can inhibit the secretion of a variety of glands, inhibit the salivary glands, dry mouth; Inhibition of sweat glands, heat difficult, can cause elevated body temperature. It can also relax a variety of smooth muscle, reduce gastrointestinal peristalsis and tension; Make the bladder muscle to relax, urethral sphincter contraction caused by urinary slip. In recent years, studies have also found that it can inhibit the synthesis of thromboxane, reduce whole blood viscosity and blood lipids, and antagonize serotonin and histamine. |
| Quality of medicinal herbs | identification of traits several tens of commodities were bundled together, the flowers were rolled into strips, most of which had been excised, A small number were retained. Calyx tubular, 5-lobed, 5-5.5 in length, yellow-green in color on the surface, hairy. Corona funnel-like yellow-white or light-yellow-brown, 5-lobed, 12-13cm in length, with long apex of lobes, slightly concave between lobes, with 5 thick lines on the crown tube, one longitudinal vein on both sides of each rib. Stamens 5, 11-12cm in length, filaments bearing the base of the Crown tube, ca. 1/2 attached to the Crown tube. 1 pistil, rod-shaped stigma. Slight gas, slightly bitter taste. Light color is better. Microscopic identification of the powder was pale yellow. (1) the pollen grains are spherical or oblong, with a diameter of 42~65 μm, with fine dot-like and strip-like engraving patterns on the outer wall, arranged radially from the two poles to the periphery. (2) There are two kinds of glandular hairs, the head of the short glandular hair is pear shaped, 2~6 cells, 1~2 cells. Long glandular hair head round, single cell, stem for 2~6 cells. (3) different parts of the non glandular hair is not exactly the same. The calyx consists of 3~5 cells, with wall warts, 10 cells on the crown, with tiny wall warts. (4) the base of the filament is thick and consists of 1 to 5 shorter cells. There are calcium oxalate clusters and sand crystals in the thin-walled cells. Physical and Chemical identification Take 4g of powder, add 15ml of ethanol, shake for about 15min, and filter. The filtrate was evaporated to dryness, and 2ml of 1% sulfuric acid was added. The mixture was stirred and filtered. The filtrate was made alkaline by adding ammonia test solution, and then extracted by shaking with 2ml of chloroform. The chloroform solution was separated and evaporated to dryness, after cooling, 2-3 drops of potassium hydroxide solution were prepared by adding ethanol, which exhibited deep purple color and gradually changed to dark red color. Then 1 small block of solid potassium hydroxide was added, and the purple color was exhibited. (2) Take 1g of powder, add 1ml of concentrated ammonia solution, mix well, add 25ml of chloroform, shake well, place overnight, filter, evaporate the filtrate, add 1ml of chloroform to dissolve the residue, as a test solution. Separately, atropine sulfate and scopolamine hydrobromide control were added with methanol to make a mixed solution of 4 mg/mL each as a control solution. Draw 10 μl of each of the above two solutions, On the same silica gel G thin layer plate, the test solution was developed with ethyl acetate-methanol-concentrated ammonia solution (17:2:1), and sprayed with dilute bismuth potassium iodide test solution. The test article chromatogram shows spots of the same color at positions corresponding to the chromatogram of the control article. |
| extraction and separation | Figure 3 is the extraction and separation of desmethylhyoscyamine and other components in Beiyang Jinhua [note 1] Benzene-chloroform-isopropylamine (99:1:0.2) elution |
| toxic and side effects | yangjinhua poisoning, mostly caused by excessive consumption of fruits or medicinal roots, stems, flowers and leaves. The whole plant is toxic, and the seed is the most toxic. The average dose of poisoning was about 3. External application of leaves can also be absorbed in the occurrence of acute poisoning. Symptoms of poisoning: early dizziness, eyelid heavy. Dry mouth, hoarseness, dry skin, flushing, mydriasis, blurred vision, confusion, dysphoria, delirium, hallucination, spasm and other manifestations, still visible Nausea Vomit, increased heart rate, occasional diplopia, bulbar conjunctival hyperemia, strabismus, elevated intraocular pressure, vision and hearing impairment. He finally died of respiratory paralysis. Rescue measures: (1) potassium permanganate and tannic acid gastric lavage, magnesium sulfate catharsis or enema. (2) injection of antagonists, such as pilocarpine, physostigmine, etc. (3) to sedatives, infusion, oxygen, artificial respiration and other symptomatic and supportive treatment. (4) the light tea 30g fried with concentrated juice to add 250g of tofu, take it once. (5) raw licorice, Raw Mung bean 30~60g, open blister or decoction. (6) 30g ginger juice, add brown sugar. (7) mungbean coat 120g, honeysuckle 60g, Lotus forsythia 30g, licorice 15g, decoction and sub-serving. (8) commonly used folk wind 6G, Cassia twig 6G decoction. |
| indications of Function | relieving asthma, relieving cough, relieving pain and spasmolysis. For asthma Cough, abdominal cold pain, rheumatism BI pain, slow convulsions in children; Surgical anesthesia. |
Last Update：2024-04-09 20:48:19
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QQ: 484702402
WhatsApp: +86 18374838656
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