Glycol chlorohydrin
ethylene chlorohydrin
CAS: 107-07-3
Molecular Formula: C2H5ClO
Glycol chlorohydrin - Names and Identifiers
Glycol chlorohydrin - Physico-chemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | C2H5ClO |
| Molar Mass | 80.51 |
| Density | 1.201g/mLat 25°C(lit.) |
| Melting Point | -63 °C |
| Boling Point | 129°C(lit.) |
| Flash Point | 140°F |
| Water Solubility | MISCIBLE |
| Solubility | Soluble in alcohol (Weast, 1986) |
| Vapor Presure | 5 mm Hg ( 20 °C) |
| Vapor Density | 2.78 (vs air) |
| Appearance | Liquid |
| Color | Yellow |
| Odor | Faint, ethereal. |
| Exposure Limit | Ceiling limit 3 mg/m3 (1 ppm) skin(ACGIH); TLV-TWA air 16 mg/m3 (5 ppm)skin (OSHA); IDLH 10 ppm (NIOSH). |
| Merck | 14,3793 |
| BRN | 878139 |
| pKa | 14.02±0.10(Predicted) |
| Storage Condition | 2-8°C |
| Stability | Stable. Incompatible with oxidizing agents. |
| Sensitive | Moisture Sensitive |
| Refractive Index | n20/D 1.441(lit.) |
| Physical and Chemical Properties | Character: colorless transparent liquid. melting point -62.6 ℃ boiling point 128.7 ℃ relative density 1.2045 refractive index 1.4417 flash point 57.2 ℃ solubility, ethanol can be mixed in any proportion. |
| Use | Used in the manufacture of ethylene oxide, synthetic rubber, dyes, pharmaceuticals and pesticides, is also an organic solvent |
Glycol chlorohydrin - Risk and Safety
| Risk Codes | R26/27/28 - Very toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. R39/23/24/25 - R23/24/25 - Toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. R11 - Highly Flammable R10 - Flammable |
| Safety Description | S28 - After contact with skin, wash immediately with plenty of soap-suds. S45 - In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label whenever possible.) S7/9 - S28A - S36/37 - Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves. S16 - Keep away from sources of ignition. S7 - Keep container tightly closed. |
| UN IDs | UN 1135 6.1/PG 1 |
| WGK Germany | 3 |
| RTECS | KK0875000 |
| FLUKA BRAND F CODES | 21 |
| TSCA | Yes |
| HS Code | 29333999 |
| Hazard Class | 6.1 |
| Packing Group | I |
| Toxicity | LD50 orally in rats: 0.095 g/kg (Smyth) |
Glycol chlorohydrin - Upstream Downstream Industry
| Raw Materials | Ethylene Oxide Hydrochloric acid |
| Downstream Products | 1-Bromo-2-fluoroethane Choline chloride trihydroxyethylrutin diphenhydramine |
Glycol chlorohydrin - Nature
Open Data Verified Data
colorless transparent liquid, toxic! The relative density (d20) was 1. 2045. Boiling point 128.7 °c. Melting Point -62.6 °c. Refractive index 4417. Flash point (closed cup) 57.2 °c. Viscosity (20 deg C) 3.42mPa.s. The surface tension was 38.9 RNNM. With water, ethanol can be mixed in any proportion.
Last Update：2024-01-02 23:10:35
Glycol chlorohydrin - Preparation Method
Open Data Verified Data
- The chlorohydrin method uses alcohol as a raw material to catalyze dehydration of aluminum oxide to generate ethylene, which is introduced into water at the same time as chlorine, and chlorine reacts with water to generate hypochlorous acid, which is added with ethylene to obtain dilute chloroethanol, after neutralization and distillation, the final product was obtained.
- The hydrochloric acid method is obtained by reacting hydrochloric acid and ethylene oxide with heating.
Last Update：2022-01-01 10:15:36
Glycol chlorohydrin - Safety
Open Data Verified Data
- toxic, in the body tissue hydrolysis to produce hydrogen chloride. Inhalation of high concentrations of chlorine ethanol vapor or skin contact and absorption, can cause Vomit, Head Pain, tremor, body temperature, limb paralysis, heart pain and death. In most cases, a critical condition occurs several hours after poisoning. When severe, the patient presented with severe symptoms Head Pain, followed by paralysis Diarrhea, repeated Vomit, thirst, eye burning sensation, and then acute death. Rat oral LD50 95rng/kg. Rat LC32 x 10-6 in air. The maximum allowable concentration in workplace air is 5 × 10-6. In order to prevent poisoning, the equipment should be closed, the production site requires good ventilation, the operator should wear masks, gloves and other protective equipment. But rubber gloves can not play a protective role, because the chlorine ethanol through the rubber gloves and skin contact and cause harm. If the clothing is stained with ethyl chloride should be immediately removed, the skin stained with ethyl chloride after washing with soap, then rinse with plenty of water.
- generally, it is transported by tank car, and impact should be avoided. Can also be packed in iron barrels, 200kg per barrel. Prevents direct contact and vapor exosmosis. According to the provisions of toxic substances storage and transportation.
Last Update：2022-01-01 10:15:36
Glycol chlorohydrin - Reference Information
| LogP | -0.06-1.06 at 20℃ |
| NIST chemical information | Information provided by: webbook.nist.gov (external link) |
| EPA chemical information | Information provided by: ofmpub.epa.gov (external link) |
| use | used in the manufacture of ethylene oxide, synthetic rubber, dyes, medicines and pesticides, etc., and also used as an organic solvent chloroethanol is an important organic solvent and organic synthesis raw material. In the past, the biggest use of chloroethanol was to produce ethylene oxide. Now most of the chlorohydrin ethylene oxide devices have been replaced by direct oxidation. Now the main use of chloroethanol is as a raw material for polysulfide rubber and as an intermediate for dyes, pesticides, and medicines. Thiodiethylene glycol can be obtained by the reaction of chloroethanol and sodium sulfide. It is a printing and dyeing solvent for textiles, as well as a vat dye and a plasticizer for polysubunit dichloride. Chloroethanol derivative β, β'dichlorodiethyl ether is the raw material for the synthesis of mustard gas, and it is also an extraction solvent for refined lubricating oil. It is also used as a soil fungicide. Chloroethanol can synthesize dichloroethyl formaldehyde and is one of the raw materials for the production of polysulfide elastomers. The reaction of chloroethanol and acetylene can produce chloroethyl vinyl ether, which is the raw material for the formation of polypropylene acidic body. Chloroethanol is oxidized with 60% nitric acid to produce chloroacetic acid in 90% yield, which is used to synthesize dyes, aminoacetic acid, malonate, glycolic acid, epinephrine, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, dimethoate, carboxymethyl Cellulose, Felonar sleeping pills, chloroacetamide, iodoacetamide, sodium N-methylaminoacetate. In the pharmaceutical industry, chloroethanol is used in the production of piperazine phosphate, furazolidone, tetramidazole, procaine and procaine, and is used as a raw material for pesticide 1059 in pesticide production. 2-Chloroethylamine hydrochloride ([870-24-6],Beil can be obtained by ammoniation and chlorination of chloroethanol. 4,133), which is a pharmaceutical intermediate used to make deworming net. Used in the manufacture of ethylene oxide, synthetic rubber, dyes, medicines and pesticides, etc., and also organic solvents Used as solvents, pesticides and sugarcane germination agents, etc., and also used in the synthesis of pesticides and dyes |
| production method | there are many preparation methods for chloroethanol. The reaction of ethylene oxide with hydrochloric acid is the most convenient method for preparing chloroethanol in the laboratory. In fact, the reaction of ethylene glycol and sulfur dichloride to obtain chloroethanol is also one of the methods for preparing chloroethanol in the laboratory. If ethylene oxide reacts with anhydrous hydrogen chloride in the presence of ferric chloride and sodium dihydrogen phosphate, no by-product ethylene glycol is generated, which is suitable for manufacturing high-purity chloroethanol. The industrial production method of chloroethanol is basically the method proposed by the Gomberg in 1991. Ethylene and chlorine are simultaneously introduced into water, and chlorine reacts with water to form hypochlorous acid. The addition of hypochlorous acid and ethylene yields chloroethanol. |
| category | pesticide |
| toxicity classification | highly toxic |
| acute toxicity | oral-rat LD50: 71 mg/kg; Oral-mouse LD50: 81 mg/kg |
| stimulation data | skin-rabbit 200 mg/2 h mild; Eye-rabbit 9 mg/6 h moderate |
| explosive hazard characteristics | blastable when mixed with air |
| flammability hazard characteristics | open flame, high temperature, strong oxidant combustible; highly toxic phosgene and chloride smoke generated by high heat decomposition |
| storage and transportation characteristics | warehouse ventilation and low temperature drying; Store separately from oxidants and food additives |
| fire extinguishing agent | foam, carbon dioxide, yellow sand |
| occupational standard | TWA 5 PPM (16 mg/m3); STEL 1 PPM (3 mg/m3) |
| toxic substance data | information provided by: pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov (external link) |
| immediate life-threatening and health concentration | 7 ppm |
Last Update：2024-04-09 15:16:47
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