overview | lithium iodide is a colorless or white cubic crystal. Easy deliquescence. There are known anhydrous, 1/2 hydrate LiI 1/2H2O, monohydrate LiI H2O, dihydrate LiI 2H2O, trihydrate LiI 3H2O. These hydrates are usually stable (the liquid phase composition is consistent with the compound composition when dissolved, and no decomposition occurs). Commercial products are usually trihydrate. Lithium iodide (trihydrate): hexagonal system, yellow crystal. Relative molecular mass 187.89. Relative density 3.48. Melting point 73 ℃. 75~80 ℃ loses one molecule of crystal water and becomes dihydrate. Two molecules of crystal water are lost at 80~120 ℃ and become monohydrate. It becomes anhydrous at 300 ℃. Soluble in water, methanol, ethanol, acetone and ester solvents. Solubility in water: 151 at 0 ℃ and 201.2 at 60 ℃. Lithium iodide (trihydrate) can undergo the following reactions in the chlorine flow: LiI • 3H2O Cl2 → LiCl4 • 3H2O. Lithium iodide trihydrate is easily oxidized by oxygen in the air and becomes elemental iodine. The previous methods for preparing lithium iodide trihydrate at home and abroad mainly include hydrogen sulfide reduction method, hydrazine method, liquid ammonia method and neutralization method. |
preparation method | method 1; The main composition of iodine solution is: w(I-)= 3% ~ 5%,w(SO2-4)= 1.5% ~ 3%,w(I) = 0.01% ~ 0.15%, and the solution is strongly acidic. Since the iodine solution contains a small amount of elemental iodine, in order to improve the utilization rate of iodine, a small amount of sulfurous acid is added as a reducing agent in the experiment to reduce the elemental iodine to iodine ions; then a certain amount of anhydrous lithium carbonate is added to react to obtain Lithium iodide and lithium sulfate solution; after vacuum concentration, the crystal obtained is a mixed crystal of lithium sulfate and lithium iodide; using the characteristics that lithium iodide is easily soluble in acetone and lithium sulfate is insoluble in acetone, add a certain amount of acetone (as an extractant) to the mixed crystal to separate and purify lithium iodide; finally, crystallize the extract at low temperature to produce high-purity lithium iodide trihydrate. |
applied research | lithium iodide trihydrate is an important basic chemical reagent, which has a wide range of applications in fuel cell electrolyte, drug synthesis, catalytic chemistry, photography, etc. |