aluminum chloride hydroxide
Polyaluminium Chloride
CAS: 1327-41-9;101707-17-9;11097-68-0;114442-10-3
Molecular Formula: AlClHO
aluminum chloride hydroxide - Names and Identifiers
aluminum chloride hydroxide - Physico-chemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | AlClHO |
| Molar Mass | 79.44 |
| Water Solubility | soluble H2O, forms slightly turbid colloidal solution [MER06] |
| Appearance | Solid |
| Storage Condition | Room Temprature |
| Stability | Stable. Incompatible with many metals. |
| Physical and Chemical Properties | Colorless or yellow resinous solid. Its solution is colorless or yellow-brown transparent liquid, sometimes containing impurities and gray-black mucus. |
| Use | Poly aluminum can remove bacteria, deodorization, decolorization, fluoride, aluminum, chromium, phenol, oil, turbidity, in addition to heavy metal salts, in addition to radioactive pollutants, to purify a variety of water has a wide range of uses. |
aluminum chloride hydroxide - Upstream Downstream Industry
| Raw Materials | Ammonium hydroxide Acrylonitrile Sulfuric acid Aluminum BAUXITE Aluminum Calcium aluminate Aluminum hydroxide Hydrochloric acid Aluminum oxide |
aluminum chloride hydroxide - Introduction
Poly aluminum chloride is a water purification material, inorganic polymer coagulant, also referred to as Poly aluminum, abbreviated as PAC, an inorganic polymer water treatment agent having a relatively large molecular weight and a relatively high charge is produced due to bridging action of hydroxide ions and polymerization of polyvalent anions. In the form can be divided into two kinds of solid and liquid. Solid according to different colors are divided into Tan, beige, golden yellow and white, liquid can appear as colorless transparent, yellowish, light yellow to yellow brown. Different colors of Poly aluminum chloride in the application and production technology are also quite different.
Poly aluminum chloride is an inorganic polymer coagulant, also referred to as Poly aluminum, abbreviated as PAC, an inorganic polymer water treatment agent having a relatively large molecular weight and a relatively high charge is produced due to bridging action of hydroxide ions and polymerization of polyvalent anions. In the form can be divided into two kinds of solid and liquid, and solid according to different colors are divided into brown, yellow and white, different colors of Poly aluminum chloride in the application and production technology are also quite different.
White polymeric aluminum chloride is also known as a polymer coagulant. Is by aluminum hydroxide powder and high purity hydrochloric acid by spray drying processing of a white or milky white milk powder like fine powder, exposed in the air is very easy to melt. White polyaluminum chloride has replaced aluminum sulfate as a neutral sizing precipitant in the paper industry.
Last Update：2023-08-17 00:21:52
aluminum chloride hydroxide - Technical indicators
|
standard |
GB/15892-2009 |
GB/T22627-2008 |
||
|
metrics |
grade of drinking water |
Water treatment grade |
||
|
liquid |
solid |
liquid |
solid |
|
|
AL2O3(%)≥ |
10.0 |
29 |
6.0 |
28.0 |
|
basicity B (%) |
40.0-90.0 |
30-95 |
||
|
% water-insoluble |
0.2 |
0.6 |
0.5 |
1.5 |
|
PH value |
3.5-5.0 |
3.5-5.0 |
||
|
iron (Fe)%≤ |
---- |
2.0 |
5.0 |
|
|
arsenic (As).ppm ≤ |
0.0002 |
0.0005 |
0.0015 |
|
|
cadmium (Cd).ppm ≤ |
0.0002 |
|||
|
chromium (Cr).ppm ≤ |
0.0005 |
|||
|
lead (Pb)%≤ |
0.001 |
0.002 |
0.006 |
|
|
% mercury (Hg) |
0.00001 |
|||
Last Update：2023-08-17 00:21:52
aluminum chloride hydroxide - Nature
Open Data Verified Data
The liquid product of polyaluminum chloride is a light yellow to brown yellow suspension, and the solid product is a light yellow or orange yellow crystalline powder. It is composed of a series of inorganic polymer compounds with different degrees of polymerization, and has the best morphological distribution. The content of alumina in the transition product is more than 8%, and the content of alumina in the solid product is 20% ~ 40%. Strong removal of organic toxicants and heavy metal ions, stable traits. Soluble in water, the hydrolysis process is accompanied by electrochemical, coagulation, adsorption and precipitation and other physical and chemical processes.
Last Update：2024-01-02 23:10:35
aluminum chloride hydroxide - Preparation Method
Open Data Verified Data
using industrial aluminum chips to make water purification agent polyaluminum chloride is a simple and economical method, because the main components of industrial aluminum chips are aluminum (94%), aluminum oxide (0.5%), impurities (5.5%), the purity of the water purifying agent after polymerization is relatively high, the production process is relatively simple, and the product after reaction can be cured. Polyaluminum chloride can also be obtained by acid dissolution of aluminum ash.
Last Update：2022-01-01 08:51:42
aluminum chloride hydroxide - Preparation Method
Open Data Verified Data
using industrial aluminum chips to make water purification agent polyaluminum chloride is a simple and economical method, because the main components of industrial aluminum chips are aluminum (94%), aluminum oxide (0.5%), impurities (5.5%), the purity of the water purifying agent after polymerization is relatively high, the production process is relatively simple, and the product after reaction can be cured. Polyaluminum chloride can also be obtained by acid dissolution of aluminum ash.
Last Update：2022-01-01 08:54:25
aluminum chloride hydroxide - Advantages
PAC polyaluminum chloride has good spray drying stability, wide adaptability to water area, fast hydrolysis speed, strong adsorption ability, large alum flower formation, dense precipitation and low effluent turbidity, dehydration performance and other advantages, in the case of the same water quality, spray drying polyaluminum chloride dosage is reduced, especially in the case of poor water quality, spray drying product dosage compared with drum drying polyaluminum chloride, can be reduced by half, not only reduce the labor intensity of workers, and more important is to reduce the cost of water production.
In addition, the use of spray drying products can ensure safety, reduce water accidents, and is very safe and reliable for drinking water. Polymeric aluminum chloride, referred to as high-efficiency poly aluminum chloride, or high-efficiency PAC. The use of the most advanced production technology, the use of high-efficiency reaction polymerization of high-quality raw materials. Zhuqing all quality indicators have reached or even more than the national standard GB15892-2009 requirements. Poly aluminum chloride is processed by spray drying process. Therefore, it can also be called high efficiency spray drying Poly aluminum chloride. Poly aluminum chloride PAC product characteristics: kaibiyuan brand PAC products with fine powder, uniform particles, soluble in water, flocculation effect is good, high efficiency and stability, less dosage, low cost. Suitable for drinking water purification, urban water purification and industrial water purification and other aspects; Suitable for all kinds of turbidity of the source water, PH wide range of application, alum flower formation, fast, fast settling speed.
PAC Poly aluminum chloride water insoluble: the use of plate and frame filter technology, the solid water insoluble mass fraction of 0.3% or less, liquid water insoluble mass fraction of 0.1% or less, to ensure the smooth flow of the user's pipeline, while improving the use of drugs, and the natural sedimentation method is not up to. Polyaluminium chloride PAC-01 (light yellow powder, spray-dried): used for drinking water treatment and wastewater treatment. Poly aluminum chloride-is one of the star products in the water treatment medicament series. Poly aluminum chloride combines the advantages of ordinary Poly aluminum chloride, spray type Poly aluminum chloride, paper-making special high efficiency poly aluminum chloride and many other advantages. All water treatment pharmaceutical products to the latest national standard for the inspection standard, water treatment agents to GB15892-2009 for the detection standard.
Water treatment agent-efficient polymeric aluminum chloride is the best inorganic polymer water treatment agent in China, the treatment of various concentrations of water effect is quite good, and the dosage is small, its dosage is 50% less than the same concentration of ferrous sulfate, 10% less than the same concentration of polymeric aluminum chloride. High effect, low energy is mainly the high degree of polymerization of PAFC, because the general Iron Salt, aluminum salt water treatment agent in the hydrolysis process can only produce AL(OH)2 +, AL(OH)+2, fe (OH)2 +, Fe(OH)+2 and other simple hydrolysis of hydroxyl ions, and PAEC itself is AL3 +, Fe3 + Pre-aqueous intermediate product, it in the hydrolysis process in addition to the formation of the above hydroxyl ions, it can mainly generate a large number of degree of polymerization, positive charge from: AL4(OH)4+8, Fe4(OH)4+8...... Isopolyhydroxy cations are used to neutralize the charge of colloidal particles in water and compress the electric double layer, and a series of reactions such as hydroxyl bridging, cross-linking and surface adsorption occur at the same time. Under the corresponding collision, large alum flowers are condensed, rapid precipitation.
Last Update：2023-08-17 00:21:52
aluminum chloride hydroxide - Use
Open Data Verified Data
basic aluminum chloride is a new type of inorganic polymer flocculant, which is an efficient, fast and low consumption water treatment agent. In the water and the negative charge of the colloidal particles with the instant neutralization, so that the colloidal de-stable, colloidal particles quickly flocculate, and further bridge the formation of large flocs and rapid precipitation. The turbidity removal effect is 1. 5~3 times of aluminum sulfate according to the comparison of effective components. The flocculation effect of low temperature turbidity water and high turbidity water is incomparable to ordinary inorganic coagulant. Widely used in urban water treatment, water reuse treatment, urban sewage treatment, oilfield reinjection water treatment, circulating cooling water treatment, industrial water treatment and papermaking, printing and dyeing, leather, ceramics, metallurgy, mining, oil, fluoride, coal washing and other industrial wastewater treatment. The effective dosage of the product is 20~50mg/L. The liquid product can be directly metered and added, and the solid product needs to be prepared into 10% ~ 15% solution in the dissolution tank before it is metered and added according to the required concentration. Polyaluminum chloride can also be used in papermaking sizing, casting molding, pharmaceutical refining, cosmetics manufacturing, Catalyst Carrier, sludge dewatering, cement quick setting, fabric wrinkle prevention, sugar liquid, glycerin refining and so on.
Last Update：2022-01-01 08:51:42
aluminum chloride hydroxide - Proportioning method
According to the daily use of solid polymeric aluminum chloride PAC, diluted into liquid, summarizes and shares several commonly used polymeric aluminum chloride PAC concentration ratio method, I hope to help you!
In the first step, according to the raw water condition, a small test is made before use to obtain the optimal dosage. Test Solution Configuration according to the weight ratio (W/W), generally with 2 ~ 5%. For example, prepare 3% solution: weigh 3g of polyaluminum chloride PAC solid, put it in a 200ml measuring cylinder, add about 50ml of clear water, dilute it to 100ml scale after it is dissolved, and shake it well.
In the second step, when the polyaluminum chloride PAC is used for production, the polyaluminum chloride PAC solid: Water = 1:9 to 1:15 weight ratio may be mixed and dissolved. Alumina content of less than 1% of the solution is easy to hydrolysis, will reduce the use effect, the concentration is too high to add uniform.
In the third step, the dosage is added according to the optimal dosage obtained by small-scale test. If the amount of alum in the sedimentation tank is small and the remaining turbidity is large, the dosage is too small; If the amount of alum in the sedimentation tank is large and turned up and the remaining turbidity is high, the dosage is too large and should be adjusted appropriately.
Last Update：2023-08-17 00:21:52
aluminum chloride hydroxide - Safety
Open Data Verified Data
if it is corrosive, it should be immediately rinsed with water if it is accidentally spattered on the skin. Production personnel to do a good job of protection, production equipment to be sealed, found that the leakage should be promptly washed with a large amount of water. The polyaluminum chloride liquid product may be stored in a cement tank. Solid products are easy to absorb moisture, but the use effect is not affected by moisture absorption. It shall not be stored in combination with a mixture of toxic and hazardous substances. There is no risk of explosion and combustion.
Last Update：2022-01-01 08:51:43
aluminum chloride hydroxide - Degree of basicity
The basicity of Poly aluminum chloride is a relatively important indicator of Poly aluminum, especially for drinking water grade poly aluminum products, this standard is one of the important indicators of Poly aluminum production line control production. The lower the salt base degree, the higher the price, the purchaser can operate according to the actual situation of the factory. In addition, different raw materials, different processes for the production of polymeric aluminum chloride products are also different, which requires the manufacturer to adjust. Increasing the basicity of polyaluminum chloride products can greatly improve the economic benefits of production and use. When the basicity is increased from 65% to 92%, the cost of raw materials can be reduced by 20% and the cost of use can be reduced by 40%.
Poly aluminum chloride features:
- The floc has fast forming, good activity and good filterability.
- no need to add alkaline additives, in case of deliquescence, the effect is unchanged.
- adapt to wide pH value, strong adaptability, wide range of uses.
- the treated water was low in salt.
- can remove heavy metals and radioactive substances on water pollution.
- the active ingredient is high, easy to store and transport.
Last Update：2023-08-17 00:21:52
aluminum chloride hydroxide - Color
There are several kinds of colors, the market sales of Poly aluminum chloride is more mixed, because each manufacturer's production process and raw materials are different, the color of the production is also somewhat different, generally white, yellow, yellow brown these three colors of Poly aluminum chloride, the following to illustrate the use of three different colors under the difference.
within the scope of the national standard of aluminum dioxide content between 27-30 poly aluminum chloride is mostly yellow to yellow light yellow solid powder. These types of Poly aluminum chloride water soluble better, in the dissolution process accompanied by electrochemical, coagulation, adsorption and precipitation and other physical and chemical changes in the final formation of [Al2(OH)3(OH)3]& prop;↓, so as to achieve the purpose of purification. Therefore, in the use of Poly aluminum chloride, without the addition of other additives, floc formation is fast and coarse, high activity, rapid precipitation, the purification effect of high turbidity water is obvious
- White polyaluminum chloride is called high-purity iron-free white polyaluminum chloride, or food grade white polyaluminum chloride. Compared with other polyaluminum chloride, it is the highest quality product, hydrochloric acid, the use of the production process is the most advanced technology spray drying method. White polyaluminum chloride is used in many fields such as papermaking sizing agent, sugar decolorizing and clarifying agent, tanning, medicine, cosmetics, precision casting and water treatment.
- the raw materials of yellow polyaluminum chloride are calcium aluminate powder, hydrochloric acid and bauxite, which are mainly used in sewage treatment and drinking water treatment. If the raw materials for drinking water treatment are aluminum hydroxide powder, hydrochloric acid and slightly calcium aluminate powder, to take the process is the plate and frame pressure filtration process or spray drying process, due to the treatment of drinking water in the country has strict requirements on heavy metals, therefore, both the raw materials and the production process are better than the brown poly aluminum chloride. Yellow polymeric aluminum chloride is generally produced by drum drying or spray tower drying, and there are two solid forms of flaky and powdery.
- Brown polymeric aluminum chloride raw materials are calcium aluminate powder, hydrochloric acid, bauxite and iron powder. The production process is the use of drum drying method, generally used for sewage treatment, because the inside added iron powder so the color is brown, iron powder added more color, iron powder if more than a certain amount in some times also known as poly aluminum ferric chloride, in the sewage treatment has excellent effect.
Last Update：2023-08-17 00:21:52
aluminum chloride hydroxide - Preparation Method
There are many synthetic methods of Poly aluminum chloride, which can be divided into metal aluminum method, active aluminum hydroxide method, aluminum oxide method, aluminum chloride method and so on according to different raw materials.
metal aluminum method
The raw materials for the synthesis of Poly aluminum chloride by metal aluminum method are mainly the waste materials of aluminum processing, such as aluminum dust, aluminum ash and aluminum slag. The aluminum ash is reacted by slowly adding hydrochloric acid at a certain ratio under stirring, and the liquid polymeric aluminum chloride is prepared by aging polymerization and sedimentation, and then diluted, filtered, concentrated and dried. In the process can be divided into acid method, alkali method, neutralization method 3. The acid method mainly uses HCl, the product quality is not easy to control; The production process of alkali method is difficult, the equipment investment is large, the amount of alkali is large, the pH control cost of raw materials, the cost is high; the most used is the neutralization method, as long as the control ratio, generally can reach the national standard.
aluminum hydroxide method
The purity of aluminum hydroxide powder is relatively high, and the content of toxic substances such as heavy metals in the synthesized polyaluminum chloride is low. The production process of heating and pressure acid dissolution is generally adopted. This process is relatively simple, but the production of polymeric aluminum chloride base degree is low, so the general use of aluminum hydroxide heating pressure acid dissolution plus calcium aluminate ore powder neutralization two steps.
three alumina method
The raw materials containing aluminum oxide mainly include gibbsite, alumina clay, kaolin, coal gangue and so on. The production process can be divided into two steps: the first step is to obtain crystalline aluminum chloride, the second step is to obtain polymeric aluminum chloride by pyrolysis or neutralization method;
aluminum chloride method
using aluminum chloride powder as raw material, the processing of Poly aluminum chloride. This method is most commonly used. Can be used for boiling pyrolysis of crystalline aluminum chloride at 170 deg C, add water aging polymerization, and then cured, dried.
alkali dissolution method
first, the aluminum ash is reacted with sodium hydroxide to obtain a sodium aluminate solution, and then the pH value is adjusted by hydrochloric acid to prepare a polymeric aluminum chloride solution. The product prepared by this method has good color appearance, less water insoluble matter, but high sodium chloride content, high consumption of raw materials, low alumina content in solution, and high industrial production cost.
Last Update：2023-08-17 00:21:52
aluminum chloride hydroxide - Effect
The flocculation effect of poly (aluminum chloride) is as follows:
- Strong electro-neutralization of colloidal substances in water.
- hydrolysis products of suspended solids in water excellent bridging adsorption.
- selective adsorption of soluble substances.
Poly aluminum chloride is a kind of inorganic polymer coagulant, due to the bridging effect of hydroxide ions and the polymerization of polyvalent anions and the production of large molecular weight, high charge inorganic polymer water treatment agent) the characteristics are mainly determined by the working principle of the pressure atomizer.
Last Update：2023-08-17 00:21:52
aluminum chloride hydroxide - Performance
- the purified water quality is better than that of aluminum sulfate flocculant, and the cost of water purification is 15-30% lower than that.
- The floc formation is fast and the settling speed is fast, which is larger than that of traditional products such as aluminum sulfate.
- the alkalinity of the consumed water is lower than that of various inorganic flocculants, and thus no or less alkali agent may be administered.
- to adapt to the source water PH5.0-9.0 range can be condensed.
- the corrosion is small and the operating conditions are good.
- The solubility is better than that of aluminum sulfate.
- the increase of salt in the treated water is less, which is beneficial to ion exchange treatment and high purity water preparation.
- has better adaptability to source water temperature than inorganic flocculants such as aluminum sulfate.
Last Update：2023-08-17 00:21:52
aluminum chloride hydroxide - Classification
morphological classification
polyaluminum chloride forms are divided into two types
- liquid polyaluminum chloride is an undried form, which has the advantages of no dilution, convenient handling and use, and relatively cheap price. The disadvantage is that the transportation requires a tank truck, unit transport costs increase (per ton of solid equivalent to 2-3 tons of liquid), more suitable for users within 100.
- solid polymeric aluminum chloride is the form of liquid polymeric aluminum chloride after drying. It has the advantages of convenient transportation and does not need a tank truck.
Process Classification
- roller Poly (aluminum chloride) aluminum content in general, high water insoluble, mostly used for sewage treatment.
- plate-and-frame Poly (aluminum) chloride has high aluminum content and low water-insoluble content, and is used for sewage treatment and drinking water treatment.
- spray dried Poly (aluminum) chloride aluminum content is high, water insoluble matter is low, dissolution speed is fast, used for drinking water and higher standard water treatment.
Last Update：2023-08-17 00:21:52
aluminum chloride hydroxide - Use
- urban water supply and drainage purification: river water, reservoir water, groundwater.
- Industrial water purification.
- municipal wastewater treatment.
- the recovery of useful substances in industrial waste water and waste residue, the promotion of coal dust sedimentation in coal washing wastewater, and the recovery of starch in starch manufacturing industry.
- various industrial wastewater treatment: printing and dyeing wastewater, leather wastewater, fluoride wastewater, heavy metal wastewater, oily wastewater, paper wastewater, coal washing wastewater, mine wastewater, brewing wastewater, metallurgical wastewater, meat processing wastewater, sewage treatment.
- paper sizing.
- refined sugar solution.
- casting molding.
- fabric anti-wrinkle.
- catalyst support.
- pharmaceutical refining
- rapid setting of cement.
- cosmetic raw materials.
Last Update：2023-08-17 00:21:52
aluminum chloride hydroxide - Method of use
The solid product is dissolved into liquid by adding water at 1:3, and then diluted with 10-30 times of clear water to the required concentration before use. The optimal pH value is 3.5-5.0, and the maximum benefit of coagulation can be obtained by selecting the optimal pH value. The dosage can be determined according to the different turbidity of raw water, the best dosage, the general raw water turbidity in 100-500mg/L, the dosage of 10-20kg per thousand tons. When the turbidity of raw water is high, the dosage is appropriately increased, and when the turbidity is low, the dosage can be appropriately decreased.
for use in rural areas, the medicament can be put into a water tank, stirred evenly, and allowed to stand. The supernatant can be used, and about 1g of the medicament is added per 50kg. If this medicine is used in combination with the high molecular flocculant produced by the company, the effect will be better. Dosing can be the company's production of anionic polyacrylamide or cationic polyacrylamide with PAC dissolved into a composite flocculant after use or the PAC is added to the treated water to form aggregates, after the addition of the company's production of anionic polyacrylamide adsorption bridging into large flocs.
The dosage of Poly aluminum chloride in different water quality:
1. In low turbidity water, dilute the solid polyaluminum chloride product with tap water at a ratio of 1:3 (weight ratio) and stir until completely dissolved
Second, in the life, production of sewage, with reference to each ton of sewage to add about 30g of polymeric aluminum chloride products. Then add the diluted polyacrylamide product, (if the effect is not obvious, please reduce or increase the dosage of the product as appropriate.)
Third, in the paper mill sewage treatment, the proportion of low turbidity water is used, if the effect is not obvious, it can be added at discretion.
Four, the raw water turbidity in 100-500mg/L, the dosage of 5-10mg per thousand tons of water dosage of 5-10kg, before use is best according to the water quality characteristics of small test, select the best value, and then put into use.
The proportion of commonly used sewage:
|
application field |
unit: kg/kt of water |
application field |
unit: kg/kt of water |
| Domestic water | 2.5~25 | Industrial water | 2.5~25 |
| Municipal wastewater | 15~50 | electroplating wastewater | 20~100 |
| metallurgical wastewater | 20~150 | paper-making wastewater | 50~300 |
| printing and dyeing wastewater | 100~300 | bleaching and dyeing wastewater | 100~300 |
| paint wastewater | 100~300 | tannery wastewater | 100~300 |
| Food wastewater | 50~150 | chemical wastewater | 50~100 |
| emulsified wastewater | 50~200 | coal washing wastewater | 30~100 |
Last Update：2023-08-17 00:21:52
aluminum chloride hydroxide - Packaging
Poly aluminum chloride packaging and precautions
- plastic woven bag for external use, with plastic film set, each net weight 25kg, can also be modified according to user requirements, and other liquid polymeric aluminum chloride sales.
- the product shall not be mixed with toxic substances, transported and stored. The product shall be stored in a dry, ventilated and cool place indoors, and shall not be affected by moisture.
- when loading and unloading should be handled with care, solid product storage period of one year.
Last Update：2023-08-17 00:21:52
aluminum chloride hydroxide - Precautions
Poly aluminum chloride Use note:
- should be used according to the water quality of small test, select the effect of water purification is good, the best point of small volume. The solution should be used with, non drinking water should be selected according to the actual situation.
- when a solid is used, water is first added to dissolve and prepare a 10-25% solution, and then diluted with water to a desired concentration. When dissolved, water is first added and slowly charged, and stirring is continued.
- water treatment chemicals from different manufacturers or different grades shall not be mixed, and shall not be mixed with other chemicals.
- the stock solution and diluent are slightly corrosive, but lower than other inorganic flocculants.
- Product effective storage period: liquid half year, solid two years. Solid products can still be used after tide.
- after reasonable dosing, the purified water quality meets the hygienic standard of drinking water.
Last Update：2023-08-17 00:21:52
aluminum chloride hydroxide - Coagulation process
- Coagulation stage: it is a process in which the liquid medicine is injected into the coagulation tank and the raw water is rapidly coagulated to form fine alum flowers in a very short time. At this time, the water body becomes more turbid, it requires the flow of water to produce intense turbulence. Beaker experiment should be rapid (250-300 r/min) stirring 10-30s, generally not more than 2min.
- flocculation stage: it is the process of alum flower growth and coarsening, which requires appropriate turbulence degree and sufficient residence time (10-15min), and a large number of alum flowers can be observed in the late stage, A clear surface layer was formed. The Beaker experiment was stirred at 150 r/min for about 6 minutes and then at 60 r/min for about 4 minutes until it was in suspension.
- sedimentation stage: it is the sedimentation process of floc in the sedimentation tank, which requires slow water flow. In order to improve the efficiency, the Inclined Tube (plate) is generally used. Sedimentation Tank (it is best to use the air flotation method to separate the floc), a large number of coarse alum flower is blocked by the Inclined Tube (plate) wall and deposited at the bottom of the tank, the upper layer of water is clear water, the remaining particle size is small, the Alum with small density decreased slowly, and continued to collide with each other. The remaining turbidity remained unchanged in the later period. Beaker experiment should be 20-30 r/min slow mixing 5 minutes, and then 10 minutes of static sedimentation, measurement of turbidity.
- enhanced filtration, mainly is the reasonable selection of filter layer structure and filter aid, in order to improve the removal rate of filter, it is an important measure to improve water quality.
- This product is applied to the treatment of environmental protection and industrial wastewater, and the use method is basically the same as that of the water plant. For the raw water treatment with high chroma, high COD and BOD, the effect of auxiliary agent is very good.
- the use of chemical coagulation method of enterprises, the original equipment does not need to make a large transformation, only the addition of dissolved alum pool can use this product.
- This product must be kept in a dry, moisture-proof, heat-proof place (<80oC, do not damage the packaging, the product can be stored for a long time).
- This product must be dissolved to use, dissolution equipment and dosing facilities should use corrosion-resistant materials.
Last Update：2023-08-17 00:21:52
aluminum chloride hydroxide - Water purification principle
compressed electric double layer
The structure of the electric double layer of the micelle determines that the concentration of the counter ion at the surface of the colloidal particle is the largest, and the higher the distance from the surface of the colloidal particle is, the lower the counter ion concentration is, and the final ion concentration is equal to that in the solution. When an electrolyte is added to the solution to increase the concentration of ions in the solution, the thickness of the diffusion layer decreases.
when the two colloidal particles are close to each other, the zeta potential decreases due to the decrease of the thickness of the diffusion layer, so the force of their mutual exclusion is reduced, that is, the Inter-gel repulsion of a high ion concentration in the solution is smaller than that of a low ion concentration. The suction between the colloidal particles is not affected by the composition of the aqueous phase, but due to the diffusion thinning, the distance when they collide is reduced, so that the mutual suction is large. It can be seen that the resultant force of repulsion and attraction changes from the repulsive force to the suction force (the repulsive potential energy disappears), and the colloidal particles are rapidly condensed. This mechanism can better explain the deposition phenomenon in the harbor. When fresh water enters the seawater, the salt increases, the ion concentration increases, and the stability of the fresh water entrained colloidal particles decreases, therefore, clay and other colloidal particles are easily deposited in the harbor.
According to this mechanism, when the added electrolyte in the solution exceeds the critical concentration of condensation, there will be no more excess counterions entering the diffusion layer, it is not possible to change the symbol of the colloidal particles and re-stabilize the colloidal particles. This mechanism is to explain the effect of electrolyte on the de-stabilization of colloidal particles by simple electrostatic phenomenon, but it does not consider the role of other properties (such as adsorption) in the process of de-stabilization, therefore, other complicated destabilization phenomena can not be explained. For example, if the dosage of trivalent aluminum salt and iron salt as coagulant is too large, the coagulation effect will decrease and even stabilize again; another example with the colloidal particles with the same number of polymer or polymer organic matter may have a good coagulation effect: isoelectric state should have the best coagulation effect, but often in production practice, when the potential is greater than zero, the coagulation effect is the least.
In fact, the addition of coagulant in aqueous solution to destabilize colloidal particles involves the interaction of colloidal particles and coagulant, colloidal particles and aqueous solution, coagulant and aqueous solution, which is a comprehensive phenomenon.
adsorption neutralization
adsorption electric neutralization means that the particle surface has a strong adsorption effect on the different-sign ions, the different-sign colloidal particles or the chain-like charged parts of the molecule, since this adsorption neutralizes part of its charge and reduces the electrostatic repulsion, it is easy to get close to other particles and adsorb each other. Electrostatic attraction is often the main aspect of these effects at this time, but in many cases, other effects outweigh electrostatic attraction.
For example, the turbidity caused by the removal of negatively charged silver iodide solution with Na and dodecyl ammonium ions (C12H25NH3), it is found that the same monovalent organic amine ions are much more unstable than Na, and the excessive addition of Na will not cause the colloidal particles to stabilize, while the organic amine ions are not, more than a certain dosage can make the colloidal particle re-stable phenomenon, indicating that the colloidal particle adsorbed too much counter ion, so that the original negative charge into a positive charge. When the dosage of aluminum salt and iron salt is high, the phenomenon of re-stabilization and the change of charge will also occur. The above phenomena are suitably explained by the mechanism of adsorption electro-neutralization.
adsorption bridging
The mechanism of adsorption and bridging mainly refers to the adsorption and bridging of polymeric substances and colloidal particles. It is also understood that two large colloidal particles of the same number are linked together due to the presence of one distinct colloidal particle. Polymeric flocculants have a linear structure, and they have chemical groups that can act on some parts of the surface of the colloidal particles. When the high polymer is in contact with the colloidal particles, the groups can react with the surface of the colloidal particles and adsorb each other, the rest of the polymer molecule is extended in solution and can be adsorbed with the colloidal particles with vacancies on the other surface, so that the polymer plays the role of bridging. If the amount of colloidal particles is small, the extended part of the above polymer does not adhere to the second colloidal particles, the extended part will be adsorbed on other parts of the original colloidal particles sooner or later, this polymer can not play a bridging role, and the colloidal particles are in a stable state. When the dosage of polymer flocculant is too large, the surface of the rubber particles will be saturated and the re stable phenomenon will occur. If the colloidal particles that have been bridged and flocculated are subjected to severe stirring for a long time, the bridging polymer may be detached from the surface of another colloidal particle and rewound back to the surface of the original colloidal particle, resulting in a re-stable state.
The adsorption of polymer on the surface of colloidal particles comes from various physical and chemical effects, such as Van der Waals attraction, electrostatic attraction, hydrogen bond, coordination bond, etc., depending on the characteristics of the chemical structure of polymer and colloidal particle surface. This mechanism can explain the phenomenon that non-ionic or ionic polymer flocculants with the same number can obtain good flocculation effect.
mechanism of sediment net capture
when metal salts (such as aluminum sulfate or ferric chloride) or metal oxides and hydroxides (such as lime) are used as the coagulant, when the dosage is large enough to rapidly precipitate metal hydroxides (e. G., Al(OH)3, Fe(OH)3, Mg(OH)2, or metal carbonates (e. G., CaCO3), colloidal particles in water can be captured by these precipitates as they form. When the precipitate is positively charged (Al(OH)3 and Fe(OH)3 in the neutral and acidic pH range), the precipitation rate can be accelerated by the presence of anions in the solution, for example, Silver sulfate ion. In addition, the colloidal particles in the water can be used as the core of the formation of these metal oxide precipitates, so the optimal dosage of the coagulant is inversely proportional to the concentration of the removed substances, that is, the more colloidal particles, the less the dosage of metal coagulant.
Last Update：2023-08-17 00:21:52
aluminum chloride hydroxide - Sewage treatment
1: colloidal particles in sewage
in order to determine the process parameters of the water flocculation process, such as the type of flocculant, dosage, pH value of water, temperature and the dosing sequence of various agents, etc., the simulation experiment is generally done. Under the conditions of a certain water temperature and controlling the appropriate stirring intensity and time, the pH value of different color water is adjusted with different flocculants and dosages to see the flocculation effect.
The standard of American Society for Experimental materials ASTM2035-1980 (revised and confirmed in 1990) "flocculation of water, experimental method of flocculation Cup tank" is an advanced method. China and 1997 equivalent to the use of ASTM standard method, issued a national standard method.
The method includes three steps of rapid stirring, slow stirring and static settling. The added livestock coagulant is rapidly dispersed by rapid stirring and contacted with colloidal particles in the water, and the colloidal particles begin to aggregate to produce flocs. By slow stirring, the microflocs were further contacted with each other to grow into larger particles. After the stirring was stopped, the formed colloidal aggregates settled naturally to the bottom by gravity.
The method is suitable for determining the process parameters of the flocculation process of water, including: the type and dosage of flocculant, the pH value of water, the temperature, and the dosing sequence of various chemicals.
By measuring the turbidity and chroma of the water sample in the beaker experiment, the degree of colloid dehydration and aggregation can be known.
2: Procedure
1) the speed of the multi-position mixer can be adjusted from 20-150R/min. The mixing slurry is made of a light-weight corrosion-resistant material, and the size of the slurry is 60mm * 40mm * 2mm, and the shape is rectangular. A lighting device should be provided on the base or inside of the multi-position mixer, through which the formation of the floc can be observed. The size of the multi-position mixer and the mixing sheet should be 3/4 of the beaker.
2) beaker
The size of the beaker, the same shape, the volume of not less than 1500ml.
3, procedure
1) According to the number of beakers set by the multi-position stirrer, 100ml of each water sample was charged into the beaker, and the beaker was positioned. The stirred slurry was then placed in water. The axis of the pulp should be offset from the center of the beaker, and a gap of at least 6.4mm should be left between the pulp and the wall of the beaker. The temperature at the beginning of the experiment was recorded.
2) the flocculant is loaded into the test tube of the reagent rack. For administration, the agent in each tube was diluted to 10ml with water. If the dosage of one of the agents is greater than 10ml. Other tubes should also be hydrated until the volume and dosage are the same. When adding the suspension agent, the agent should be shaken before adding.
3) start the multi-position stirrer, stir rapidly at the speed of 120r/min, add the reagent to each beaker at the same time according to the predetermined dosage of reagent, and stir for 1min .
4) reduce the speed to 20-40R/min speed to keep the beaker particles evenly suspended. Slow stirring for about 20min. The time of initial floc generation was recorded.
5) after the slow stirring is completed, the stirring slurry is extracted from the water, the sedimentation of the floc is observed, and the time taken for most of the floc to settle is recorded. However, in a special case, the sedimentation is affected by convection, and the time of the sedimentation recorded at this time should be approximately the same as the number of unprecipitated flocs moving downward.
6) after 15min At the time of precipitation, the thickness of the floc at the bottom of the Beaker was recorded. The water sample was drawn at 1/2 of the night in the beaker with a pipette, and the cauterization, color and pH of the water sample were measured.
Last Update：2023-08-17 00:21:52
aluminum chloride hydroxide - Supplementary Information
| Chemical properties | colorless or yellow resinous solid. Its solution is colorless or yellow-brown transparent liquid, sometimes containing impurities and gray-black mucus. Soluble in water. |
| purpose | for drinking water, various industrial wastewater purification treatment |
| purpose | as a flocculant is mainly used for the purification of drinking water and water special water quality treatment, such as iron, fluorine, cadmium, radioactive pollution. Floating oil was removed. Can also be used for industrial wastewater treatment, such as printing and dyeing wastewater. In addition, it is also used in precision casting, medicine, paper making and leather making. |
| purpose | polymeric aluminum can remove bacteria, deodorization, decolorization, fluorine, aluminum, chromium, phenol, oil, turbidity, heavy metal salts and radioactive pollutants, it has a wide range of uses for purifying various kinds of water. |
| purpose | Poly aluminum chloride is a flocculant, mainly used for the purification of drinking water, but also for the special water treatment of water supply, in addition to iron, in addition to cadmium, in addition to fluoride, in addition to radioactive pollution, in addition to the floating oil. It is also used in industrial wastewater treatment, such as printing and dyeing wastewater, etc. It is also widely used in casting, paper making, medicine, leather making and so on. |
| production method | boiling pyrolysis the crystalline aluminum chloride was subjected to boiling pyrolysis at 170 ° C., and the evolved hydrogen chloride was absorbed with water to form 20% hydrochloric acid and recovered. Then, water is added to perform aging polymerization at a temperature above 60 ° C., followed by curing, drying and crushing to obtain a solid polyaluminum chloride product. The boiling pyrolysis method is to add aluminum ash (the main component is alumina and the metal aluminum) into the reactor in which the washing water is added in advance according to a certain ratio, and slowly add hydrochloric acid under stirring for polycondensation reaction, after aging polymerization to pH 4.2~4.5, the relative density of the solution is about 1.2, and the liquid poly aluminum chloride is obtained by sedimentation. The liquid product was diluted and filtered, concentrated by evaporation and dried to obtain a solid polyaluminum chloride product. |
Last Update：2024-04-10 22:29:15
aluminum chloride hydroxide - Reference Information
| Introduction | polymeric aluminum chloride is an inorganic polymer coagulant, molecular formula [Al2(OH)nCl6-n-xH2O]m (m = 10,n = 1~5). It is an inorganic polymer compound, which is a hydrolysis product between aluminum chloride and aluminum hydroxide. As a result of bridging action of hydroxide ions and polymerization of polyvalent anions, an inorganic polymer water treatment agent having a large molecular weight and a high charge is produced. Poly aluminum chloride is an inorganic polymer coagulant, also referred to as Poly aluminum, abbreviated as PAC, due to the bridging effect of hydroxide ions and the polymerization of polyvalent anions and the production of larger molecular weight, high charge inorganic polymer water treatment agent. In the form can be divided into two kinds of solid and liquid, and solid according to different colors are divided into brown, yellow and white, different colors of Poly aluminum chloride in the application and production technology are also quite different. |
| Product Performance | a, Poly aluminum chloride as a water treatment agent has strong adaptability to various water quality, for high turbidity water coagulation sedimentation effect is particularly significant. B, the purified water quality is better than that of inorganic coagulant such as aluminum sulfate, and the cost of water purification is 15-30% lower than that. The formation of floc is fast and the settling speed is fast. c, high alumina content, small dosage, can reduce the cost of water. d, source water pH value in the range of 5.0-9.0 can be condensed. e, corrosion is small, good operating conditions, better than the solubility of aluminum sulfate. f, the treatment of less salt in water, is conducive to ion exchange treatment and pure water preparation. g, the adaptability of the source water temperature is better than that of aluminum sulfate and other inorganic coagulants, and the treatment effect of low temperature water is also good, the lowest precipitation temperature is -18. |
| Application | the product can remove bacteria, deodorization, fluoride, aluminum, chromium, oil, turbidity, heavy metal salts, in addition to radioactive pollutants, it has a wide range of uses in the purification of various water sources. 1, purification of drinking water, domestic sewage. 2, the purification of industrial water, industrial wastewater, mining, oilfield reinjection, purification of water, gold, coal washing, leather and a variety of chemical wastewater treatment. 3, industrial production and application; Paper sizing, printing and dyeing bleaching, Cement accelerator, precision casting hardener, refractory adhesive, glycerin refining, fabric wrinkle, medicine, and other industries, wastewater can be recycled. 4, in the refining industry, for no water separation, the effect is very good. used for purification of drinking water and various industrial wastewater as a flocculant, it is mainly used for special water quality treatment of purified drinking water and water supply, such as iron, fluorine, cadmium and radioactive pollution. Floating oil was removed. Can also be used for industrial wastewater treatment, such as printing and dyeing wastewater. In addition, it is also used in precision casting, medicine, paper making and leather making. polyaluminum can remove bacteria, deodorization, decolorization, fluorine, aluminum, chromium, phenol, oil, turbidity, heavy metal salts and radioactive pollutants, it has a wide range of uses for purifying various kinds of water. Poly aluminum chloride is a flocculant, mainly used for the purification of drinking water, but also for the special water treatment of water supply, iron, in addition to cadmium, in addition to fluoride, in addition to radioactive pollution, in addition to the floating oil. It is also used in industrial wastewater treatment, such as printing and dyeing wastewater, etc. It is also widely used in casting, paper making, medicine, leather making and so on. |
| Color type | 1, White polyaluminum chloride newly developed a new water purification material, professional for food, drinking water, urban water supply, precision manufacturing water purification, paper industry, medicine, sugar refining, cosmetics additives, daily chemicals industry and other aspects have a very wide range of applications, the purity is very high, the price is the highest. It is mainly used for drinking water treatment, in which the content of heavy metals is strictly limited, especially the drinking water grade polymeric aluminum chloride products produced by us, with it after the treatment of water clarification without precipitation, AL2O3 content in 30(± 0.5), fine powder, uniform particles, flocculation effect is good, high efficiency and stability, less dosage, low cost, is a long-term cooperation of the major water plants for water treatment flocculant. 3, golden yellow Poly aluminum chloride is the most widely used in the market, the most efficient flocculant for sewage treatment, flocculation effect is good, so whether it is industrial water supply, industrial wastewater, both industrial water recycling and municipal wastewater treatment are the best options. 4, Brown, Brown, coffee color polymeric aluminum chloride is for the special requirements of individual customers for water treatment of the production of water treatment products, which is higher than the iron content of other polymeric aluminum chloride product series, so the color is darker than golden. For low temperature, low turbidity, high algae sewage has strong effect, mainly used for drinking water, urban water supply, industrial water purification and other aspects of treatment. |
| inorganic polymer | polymeric aluminum chloride is an inorganic polymer. With a certain degree of gelation, can be used as refractory coatings, ultra pure alumina products and refractory concrete and other cementitious materials. Polyaluminum chloride is a high-valent polyhydroxy electrolyte, which can be regarded as an intermediate product of AlCl3 hydrolysis into Al(OH)3. The colloidal core is positively charged and the hydrolysis is acidic. The composition of this kind of product is a mixed system composed of various aqueous complexes in a certain proportion under certain conditions. It is represented by the formula [Al2(OH)n · Cl6-n]m, wherein n = 1-5 and m <10. due to different processes and properties, polyaluminum chloride can also be referred to as aluminum hydroxychloride, basic aluminum chloride, polymeric aluminum oxide, etc. The main physical and chemical performance indexes include alkalization degree, pH value, Al2O3 content and relative density. Polymeric aluminum chloride is rich in raw materials, low cost, has the characteristics of not reducing the refractory concrete refractoriness, strong activity at high temperature, when mixed with a small amount of accelerator, can be hardened at room temperature, etc, is a promising binder. |
| Poly aluminum chloride classification | Poly aluminum chloride is generally divided into three categories, the first is food-grade poly aluminum chloride, the second is the water level of polymeric aluminum chloride, the third is the industrial level of polymeric aluminum chloride, the three different types of polymeric aluminum chloride in the use of the process and related indicators have a significant difference. The appearance of food-grade polyaluminum chloride is generally white powder, referred to as white polyaluminum, which is mostly used for the treatment of drinking water, pharmaceutical and cosmetic accessories, and some high-tech scientific and technological research, the general use of spray drying process, White Poly aluminum chloride in the content of alumina in more than 30%. The appearance of drinking water-grade polymeric aluminum chloride is yellow or golden irregular particles, which are also prepared by spray drying process, and are used in paper mills, printing and dyeing mills, leather mills, power plants, urban sewage treatment and sewage treatment plant is one of the most important water purification agents. Water grade poly aluminum chloride general alumina content between 26% to 30%, the general market 26, 28, 30 of these three specifications of the product. The appearance of industrial grade poly aluminum chloride is usually brown or yellow particles, and the drum drying process is generally used. It has excellent use effect in the treatment of wastewater in the industry. The content of industrial grade polymeric aluminum chloride is between 22% and 30%. The specifications of industrial grade polymeric aluminum chloride on the market are from 22 to 30, and there are great differences. |
| coagulant | coagulant can promote the aggregation and flocculation of colloidal particles in water, accelerate the formation of coarse particles, A chemical agent that allows it to settle rapidly or be more easily filtered. coagulants include coagulants, flocculants, Coagulant aids, etc. At present, there is no strict and uniform definition and boundary of these terms. Coagulant and flocculant, coagulant often mixed. The commonly used coagulants include alum, polyaluminum chloride, activated silicic acid, polyacrylamide, Magnesia alumina, ferrous sulfate and ferric chloride, etc. The combination of polyaluminum chloride and alum has the best effect. Poly aluminum chloride is a new type of inorganic polymer coagulant. The fundamental difference between it and the traditional inorganic coagulant is that the traditional inorganic coagulant is a low molecular crystalline salt, the structure of the Poly aluminum chloride is composed of multiple carboxyl complexes with variable morphology, the flocculation and precipitation speed is fast, the applicable pH value range is wide, the pipeline equipment is non-corrosive, and the water purification effect is obvious, can effectively support the water color SS, COD, BOD and arsenic, mercury and other heavy metal ions, the product is widely used in drinking water, industrial water and sewage treatment, with the following characteristics: 1. After purification, the water quality is better than that of inorganic coagulant such as ferric chloride and aluminum sulfate, and the cost of water purification is relatively low. 2. The floc formation is fast and the settling speed is fast, which is larger than that of ferric chloride, aluminum sulfate and other traditional flocculants. 3. Adaptability to source water temperature, turbidity and alkalinity due to ferric chloride, aluminum sulfate and other traditional flocculants. 4. Adapt to the source water pH value is wide, in the range of PH5.0-9.0 can be condensed, the best effect is PH6.5-7.5. 5. Small corrosion, good operating conditions. 6. The solubility is better than ferric chloride and aluminum sulfate. 7. The residual amount of aluminum and salt in the treated water is less, which is beneficial to ion exchange treatment and preparation. |
| Performance | The main physical and chemical properties of polymeric aluminum chloride are expressed in terms of alkalization degree, pH value, Al2O3 content and density. Degree of alkalization (B) and Ph: Degree of alkalization refers to the degree of substitution of Cl-by OH-in polyaluminum chloride, generally expressed as the percentage of the equivalent ratio of hydroxyl to aluminum, namely: B =[OH]/3[Al] X 100%. many of the characteristics of polyaluminum chloride are related to the degree of alkalization. Such as the degree of polymerization, pH value, storage stability and as a binding agent, etc. The degree of alkalization, however, represents only the statistical average of the various polymeric aluminum chloride mixtures with different degrees of polymerization present. The pH value of the polyaluminum chloride liquid is similar to the alkalization degree, but the two have not exactly the same meaning. The alkalization degree expresses the number of hydroxyl groups bound in the polyaluminum chloride structure, the pH value expresses the amount of hydroxyl ion OH in the Free State of the solution. The pH value of the Poly aluminum chloride solution generally increases with the increase of the degree of alkalization. FIG. 2 The relationship between the degree of alkalization and the pH value. when the concentration of the solution with the same alkalization degree is different, the pH value is also different, and the pH value decreases with the increase of the concentration of the solution. For example, when the solution of Poly aluminum chloride (PAC) and AlCl3 with the alkalization degree of 50% is diluted into different mass concentrations, the pH value is different. Al2O3 content, density and viscosity: there is a certain relationship between the Al2O3 content and the density of the Poly aluminum chloride solution. The density of the solution increases with the increase of Al2O3 content in a linear relationship. FIG. 3 relationship between the density of polyaluminum chloride and the content of Al2O3. The density of the polymeric aluminum chloride solution, the relationship between pH value and viscosity: the greater the density, the higher the pH value, the greater the viscosity (dynamic viscosity coefficient). FIG. 4 relationship between density and pH of polyaluminum chloride and viscosity. |
| quality indicators | What are the three most important quality indicators of PAC (Poly aluminum chloride), determine the quality of polymeric aluminum chloride base degree, pH value, alumina content, which is the three most important quality indicators of polymeric aluminum chloride. 1. Degree of basicity. The degree of hydroxylation or the degree of Alkalization of a certain form in PAC (polyaluminum chloride) is called the degree of basicity or the degree of alkalization. It is generally expressed in terms of molar ratio B of aluminum hydroxide =[OH]/[Al] percentage. Basicity is one of the most important indicators of Poly aluminum chloride, and has a very close relationship with the flocculation effect. The higher the concentration of raw water, the higher the salinity, the better the flocculation effect. To sum up, in the range of raw water turbidity 86 ~ 10000mg/L, the optimum base degree of polymeric aluminum chloride is 409~853, and many other characteristics of polymeric aluminum chloride are related to the base degree. 2, pH value. The pH of the PAC (polyaluminum chloride) solution is also an important indicator. It indicates the amount of OH-in the Free State in solution. The pH value of polymeric aluminum chloride generally increases with the increase of salt base degree, but for liquids with different compositions, there is no corresponding relationship between pH value and salt base degree. Liquids with the same basicity concentration have different pH values when the concentration is different. 3, alumina content. PAC (Poly aluminum chloride) alumina content is a measure of the effective components of the product, it has a certain relationship with the relative density of the solution, in general, the greater the relative density, the higher the alumina content. The viscosity of Poly aluminum chloride is related to the content of alumina, and the viscosity increases with the increase of alumina content. Under the same conditions, the same concentration of Alumina under the condition, the viscosity of Poly aluminum chloride is lower than aluminum sulfate, more conducive to the transport and use. |
| Application | a refractory binder. It is a kind of aluminum hydroxide Sol made of aluminum containing raw materials or metal aluminum by hydrochloric acid dissolution, hydrolysis, polymerization and other physical and chemical treatment. Polyaluminum chloride can be regarded as an intermediate product of the hydrolysis of AlCl3 into Al(OH)3, so that the hydrolysate is acidic. Polymeric aluminum chloride is also known as aluminum hydroxychloride (aluminum chloride) or Basic aluminum chloride (Basic aluminum chloride), and its chemical formula is [Al2 (OH)nCl6-n] m. If n in the formula is close to 6 or equal to 6, it may be referred to as Alumina sol. The use of polymeric aluminum chloride as the binder of the bulk refractory material does not reduce the refractoriness, and the Al2O3 generated by the dehydration and decomposition of the polymeric aluminum chloride in the heating process is a highly dispersed activated alumina, which is helpful for sintering, it is therefore suitable as a binder for refractory materials. Poly aluminum chloride can be used as a binder for refractory products, refractory plastics, tamping materials and castables. When used as a binder for monolithic refractories, there are certain requirements for alkalization degree and density, and the cementing strength is not good if it is too high or too low, and the alkalization degree is generally between 46% and 72%, the density of 1.17~1.23/m3 is better. When used as a binder for refractory castables, synthetic magnesia-alumina spinel, fused MgO and alumina cement can be used as a coagulant. However, when polymeric aluminum chloride is used as the bonding agent for monolithic refractories, the solution is acidic (pH<5), it will react with iron and iron-containing compounds contained in the refractory material to escape hydrogen and cause the material to swell. Therefore, in the preparation process, it is necessary to have a difficult material stage to avoid the occurrence of bulging and cracking of the formed product or liner. |
| preparation process | 1. Production of PAC from aluminum hydroxide the preparation of PAC from aluminum hydroxide by acid dissolution method is a widely used process at home and abroad. The purity of aluminum hydroxide is high, and the heavy metal content of the product is very low. However, due to the poor acid solubility of aluminum hydroxide, the aluminum solution is eluted by heating and pressurizing in the reaction kettle, and the PAC product can be obtained by separation and maturation. The dissolution rate of aluminum in aluminum hydroxide can reach more than 90% by adding pressure and heating in the reaction kettle. This process is relatively simple, but the base degree of the obtained product is low, about 40%. In order to improve the basicity of the product and not introduce other heavy metal impurities, aluminum dust and sodium aluminate are generally added to the low salt basicity product, so that the basicity of the obtained product can be generally increased to more than 70%. Production of PAC from aluminum chloride directly with crystalline aluminum chloride as raw material, solid PAC products can be prepared by boiling pyrolysis. Crystalline aluminum chloride pyrolysis at a certain temperature, decomposition of hydrogen chloride and water, polymerization into powder products. At present, this method is rarely used because crystalline aluminum chloride can directly react with calcium aluminate, which saves more raw materials and energy, and does not cause pollution. The method is to react the crystalline aluminum chloride solution with calcium aluminate under heating condition, and the product with base degree of 80% ~ 90% can be obtained. 5 t PAC(Al2O3 mass fraction of 10%) can be prepared per 1 t crystalline aluminum chloride. |
| Usage | when the polymeric aluminum chloride water purifying agent is directly added to the sewage, the suspended solids will be rapidly encapsulated and flocculated, it causes the blockage of the equipment, and the dosage of the water purifying agent is 2-3 times that of the polymeric aluminum chloride aqueous solution. Although it saves trouble, it directly leads to the increase of the use cost. Polymeric aluminum chloride is an inorganic polymer water purification agent, which is produced by the bridging effect of hydroxide ions and the polymerization of multivalent anions. The correct use of polymeric aluminum chloride: 1, the use of water purification agent should first be based on the water quality of a small test, select the water purification effect is good, the best point of the small amount of investment. The solution should be used with, non drinking water should be selected according to the actual situation. 2. When using solid, add water to dissolve and prepare 10-25% of the solution, then dilute with water to the required concentration, add water to slowly add material when dissolving, and stir continuously. 3, different manufacturers or different grades of water treatment agents can not be mixed, and not mixed with other chemicals. 4. The original solution and diluent are slightly corrosive, but lower than other inorganic flocculants. 5, product effective storage period: liquid half a year, solid two years. Solid products can still be used after tide. 6, water purification agent polyaluminum chloride by reasonable dosing, purified water quality in line with drinking water health standards. |
| Chemical properties | colorless or yellow resinous solid. Its solution is colorless or yellow-brown transparent liquid, sometimes containing impurities and gray-black mucus. Soluble in water. |
| production method | boiling pyrolysis of crystalline aluminum chloride at 170 °c, the evolved hydrogen chloride was absorbed with water to make 20% hydrochloric acid and recovered. Then, water is added to perform aging polymerization at a temperature above 60 ° C., followed by curing, drying and crushing to obtain a solid polyaluminum chloride product. The boiling pyrolysis method is to add aluminum ash (the main component is aluminum oxide and the metal aluminum) into the reactor that is pre-added with washing water according to a certain ratio, and slowly add hydrochloric acid under stirring for polycondensation reaction, after aging polymerization to pH 4.2~4.5, the relative density of the solution is about 1.2, and the liquid poly aluminum chloride is obtained by sedimentation. The liquid product was diluted and filtered, concentrated by evaporation and dried to obtain a solid polyaluminum chloride product. Its |
| EPA chemical substance information | information is provided by: ofmpeb.epa.gov (external link) |
Last Update：2024-04-09 15:16:42
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Product Name: water treatment grade Aluminum Chlorohydrate liquid Request for quotationCAS: 1327-41-9
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Raw Materials for aluminum chloride hydroxide