lead dinitrate
Lead(II) nitrate
CAS: 10099-74-8
Molecular Formula: N2O6Pb
lead dinitrate - Names and Identifiers
| Name | Lead(II) nitrate |
| Synonyms | Lead nitrate lead dinitrate Plnmbous nitnate kead(ii) nitrate Plumbous nitrate Lead(II) nitrate lead(2+) dinitrate Leadnitratewhitextl Leadnitratemetalbasis nitric acid, lead salt Lead Ion standard solution Fluka Lead standard concentrate 10.00 g Pb Lead ion chromatography standard solution Fluka |
| CAS | 10099-74-8 |
| EINECS | 233-245-9 |
| InChI | InChI=1/2HNO3.Pb/c2*2-1(3)4;/h2*(H,2,3,4) |
lead dinitrate - Physico-chemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | N2O6Pb |
| Molar Mass | 331.21 |
| Density | 1.00g/mLat 20°C |
| Melting Point | 470°C (dec.)(lit.) |
| Boling Point | 500℃[at 101 325 Pa] |
| Water Solubility | 343 g/L |
| Solubility | H2O: soluble |
| Vapor Presure | 49.8mmHg at 25°C |
| Appearance | Solid |
| Specific Gravity | 4.53 |
| Color | White |
| Exposure Limit | ACGIH: TWA 0.05 mg/m3NIOSH: IDLH 100 mg/m3; TWA 0.050 mg/m3 |
| Merck | 14,5414 |
| PH | 3-4 (50g/l, H2O, 20℃) |
| Storage Condition | Store below +30°C. |
| Stability | Stable. Strong oxidizer. Incompatible with combustible materials, organics, strong reducing agents. |
| Sensitive | Hygroscopic |
| Physical and Chemical Properties | White cubic crystal or monoclinic crystal. The relative density of 4.53(20 ℃) soluble in water, liquid ammonia, hydrazine, ethanol-soluble. Insoluble in concentrated nitric acid. The solubility in water was 56.5g/g water (20 °c). |
| Use | Used for lead salt, also used in medicine, printing and dyeing, matches, pigments, dyes, explosives, tanning, plate-making, pyrotechnic and other industries |
lead dinitrate - Risk and Safety
| Risk Codes | R61 - May cause harm to the unborn child R8 - Contact with combustible material may cause fire R20/22 - Harmful by inhalation and if swallowed. R33 - Danger of cumulative effects R50/53 - Very toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. R62 - Possible risk of impaired fertility R52/53 - Harmful to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. R36/38 - Irritating to eyes and skin. R51/53 - Toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. R35 - Causes severe burns R41 - Risk of serious damage to eyes R34 - Causes burns |
| Safety Description | S53 - Avoid exposure - obtain special instructions before use. S45 - In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label whenever possible.) S60 - This material and its container must be disposed of as hazardous waste. S61 - Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions / safety data sheets. S17 - Keep away from combustible material. S26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. S36/37 - Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves. S36/37/39 - Wear suitable protective clothing, gloves and eye/face protection. S39 - Wear eye / face protection. |
| UN IDs | UN 1469 5.1/PG 2 |
| WGK Germany | 3 |
| RTECS | OG2100000 |
| TSCA | Yes |
| HS Code | 2834 29 20 |
| Hazard Class | 5.1 |
| Packing Group | II |
lead dinitrate - Upstream Downstream Industry
| Raw Materials | Nitric acid Lead |
| Downstream Products | Lead naphthenate Lead(II) nitrate Barium stearate |
lead dinitrate - Nature
Open Data Verified Data
crystalline in a glossy or white equiaxed crystal system. Melting point 470 °c. Very soluble in water, insoluble in ethanol, insoluble in methanol. Heating is decomposed into Pb0, N02 and O2.
Last Update：2024-01-02 23:10:35
lead dinitrate - Preparation Method
Open Data Verified Data
Lead acetate and nitric acid reaction or metal lead and nitric acid oxidation reaction.
Last Update：2022-01-01 08:59:18
lead dinitrate - Use
Open Data Verified Data
It is used as a photographic sensitizer, a mordant, and an oxidizing agent for plate making and the like.
Last Update：2022-01-01 08:59:18
lead dinitrate - Reference Information
| EPA chemical information | Information provided by: ofmpub.epa.gov (external link) |
| Overview | Lead nitrate is a white cubic crystal or monoclinic crystalline powder; it is easily soluble in water and liquid ammonia, slightly soluble in ethanol, and insoluble in concentrated nitric acid (forming a protective film); It reacts with concentrated hydrochloric acid or concentrated alkali metal chloride solution to form a complex chlorine-lead acid or chlorine-lead acid salt; it has strong oxidizing properties, mixed with organic matter, reducing agent and combustible materials such as sulfur and phosphorus, there is a risk of combustion and explosion due to slight friction. Dry lead nitrate begins to decompose at 205~223 ℃, while wet lead nitrate begins to decompose at 100 ℃, releasing toxic nitrogen oxide gas during decomposition; this product is toxic, and it will be poisoned by swallowing and inhaling its dust; it should be stored in a cool, dry and ventilated place when stored; before and after loading and unloading should be thoroughly cleaned to isolate heat sources, combustibles, organics and other easily oxidized items. Keep away from food and metal powder; commonly used as mordant and oxidant, mainly used as milk yellow pigment raw material for glass and enamel, papermaking, medicine, printing and dyeing, tanning and other industries and used to make other lead salts. |
| preparation method | 1. wet weigh 0.4000 grams of galena into a dried 300ml beaker, add 15ml of hydrochloric acid, steam at low temperature for 3-5ml, add 10ml of nitrate-sulfur mixed acid, continue to heat and steam until near-dry, add 4ml of sulfuric acid (1:1) after slightly cooling, wash the cup wall with distilled water to about 50ml, boil for a few minutes, cool with running water, add 10ml of ethanol, let stand for 1 hour, filter the precipitate with slow filter paper, wash with dilute sulfuric acid solution (2%) for 3-4 times, finally wash with distilled water for 1-2 times, discard the filtrate, put the precipitate and filter paper into the original beaker, add 30ml of acetic acid-sodium acetate buffer solution, boil to completely dissolve lead sulfate, after cooling, dilute to about 100ml with distilled water, add about 0.1g of ascorbic acid and 2-3 drops of xylenol orange indicator, titrate with EDTA standard solution until the solution changes from pink to bright yellow as the titration end point. 2. Using metal lead as raw material, crude lead nitrate is first made, which is hydrolyzed to remove iron, lead replacement to remove copper, and then recrystallized. (1) In the production of crude lead nitrate, the lead ingot is melted into lead flower, which reacts with nitric acid with a concentration of 20% to form lead nitrate solution under the condition of slight excess lead. Until the reaction solution is light yellow, filter to remove impurities while hot after clarification. There are two kinds of crystalline lead nitrate precipitation from the solution: salting out method and evaporation method. 1. Salting-out method: Concentrated nitric acid is added under stirring, and lead nitrate is precipitated immediately due to the same ion effect. 2. Evaporation method: acidified with nitric acid to grass green, heated, evaporated and concentrated until a crystalline film appears, lead nitrate crystals are precipitated after cooling, and crude lead nitrate is obtained after centrifugal separation. (2) Purification of crude lead nitrate The main impurities in crude lead nitrate are iron and copper. (1) Hydrolysis to remove iron The impurity iron in crude lead nitrate exists in the ionic state of Fe3 +. After dissolving crude lead nitrate in water, the pH of the aqueous solution is 1~2, and it is adjusted with ammonia water (relative density is 0.91) until the turbidity phenomenon does not disappear. At this time, the pH is 3~4, and Fe3 + should be completely hydrolyzed to generate Fe(OH)3 for precipitation and removal. (2) Displacement and copper removal is carried out at about 50 ℃. At this time, the solubility of lead nitrate is 44%, and the concentration of copper in lead nitrate solution is about 0.025%. According to the Nernst equation, the replacement reaction can proceed spontaneously. However, since the replacement reaction is carried out in nitric acid and lead nitrate solution (pH1), and the newly replaced fine copper powder is highly active, in order to prevent the new copper powder from re-dissolving again, it is necessary to maintain excessive lead. After the lead is added to the solution, it is slightly heated for 10~15min, and then filtered quickly, otherwise it is difficult to achieve the ideal effect. 3. Lead ore direct preparation method Lead sulfide ore is used as raw material, which reacts with nitric acid under certain conditions to obtain lead nitrate solution containing impurities such as Zn2 +,Fe3 +, Cu2 +, etc. The solution is treated to remove impurities. Concentrate and crystallize to obtain lead nitrate. Add potassium sulfate solution to the mother liquor to obtain PbSO4 precipitation. After separation and precipitation, the mother liquor is treated to obtain potassium nitrate by concentration except Zn2 +,Fe3 +, Cu2 + and other impurities. Lead sulfate is replaced by iron to obtain metal lead under the action of a catalyst, and the lead is returned to dissolve to produce lead nitrate. The reaction formula is as follows: 3PbS +8HN03 = 3Pb(N03)2+3S +2N0 ↑ 4H2O2HNO3 + K2CO3 = 2KNO3 + CO2 ↑ + H2OFe3 +30H = Fe(OH)3 ↓ Pb(NO3)2 + K2SO4 = PbSO4 ↓ +2KN03PbSO4 + Fe = FeSO4 + Pb3Pb +8HNO3=3Pb(NO3)2 + 2NO ↑ +4H2OCu2 + + 2OH = Cu(OH)-= Zn(OH)2 ↓ 4. Lead nitrate ore powder produced from concentrate powder reacts with acid, the main reaction is as follows: 3PbS +8HN03=3Pb(N03)2 + 3S↓ +2N0 ↑ 4H2O side reaction: 3ZnS +8HNO3=3Zn(NO3)2 + 2NO ↑ + 3S↓ + 4H2O3CuS +8HNO3=3Cu(NO3)2 + 2NO ↑ + 3S↓ + 4H2OFeS +4HNO3 = Fe(NO3)3 + NO ↑ + S↓ + 2H2O3Ag2S +8HNO3=6AgNO3 + 2NO ↑ + 3S↓ + 4H2O From the above reaction, it can be seen that with the leaching of lead in the ore, A large amount of impurities also enter the solution in the form of nitrate. Adding an appropriate amount of precipitant to the acidolysis solution can make Cu2 +, Fe3 +, Ag + plasma precipitation and separation. The process flow chart is shown in Figure 1 below. Fig. 1 is a flow chart of lead nitrate preparation process |
| preparation and calibration | (1) preparation: weigh 17g of lead nitrate into a 300ml beaker, add appropriate amount of water, dissolve completely, transfer into a 1000ml volumetric flask, add 1ml of nitric acid (1+1), dilute with water to scale, and mix well. (2) Calibration: Absorb 20mL of calibrated C(EDTA)= 0.05mol/LEDTA solution with a pipette, place it in a 250mL conical flask, add 15mL of 10% hexamethylenetetramine solution, 20mL of water, and drop several drops of xylene, titrate with the prepared lead nitrate solution until the end point is from yellow to red. In the formula [Pb(NO3)2]-mass concentration of standard lead nitrate solution (mol/L);V-consumption of standard lead nitrate solution (mL);C1-mass concentration of standard EDTA solution (mol/L). |
| toxic effect | 1. toxicity of lead nitrate to mung bean seedlings after 5 days of culture, the half inhibitory concentration (IC50) of lead nitrate to leaves and roots of mung bean seedlings were 276.33 and 6.47 mg/L respectively. With the increase of lead nitrate concentration, polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity in mung bean sprouts showed inhibition-induction effect, PPO activity in mung bean sprouts showed induction-inhibition effect, catalase (CAT) activity in mung bean sprouts leaves and roots showed induction-inhibition effect, and chlorophyll content in mung bean sprouts leaves showed inhibition effect. 2. The toxicity of lead nitrate to onion root tip chromosomes is within the test dose range. With the increase of the concentration of lead nitrate aqueous solution, the exposure time increases, the mitotic index of onion root tip cells gradually decreases, the chromosome aberration rate gradually increases, and the micronucleus rate gradually increases. The mitotic index of onion root tip cells gradually decreases, which may be due to the fact that lead enters the cell, inhibits the synthesis of the trigger protein required to enter the S phase, and prolongs the cell cycle, resulting in a decrease in the division index. The rupture of the nucleus may be caused by the destruction of the nuclear pore complex protein by lead nitrate, which makes the nuclear pore complex understand the body. After the chromosome was broken, the chromosome was reconnected, and the chromosome was deleted, repeated, inverted, and shifted, which led to the structural variation of the chromosome, and the chromosome bridge was manifested in the morphology. Chromosome adhesion, chromosome lag, and chromosome asymmetric division may be caused by lead nitrate destroying the assembly of microtubules, thereby interrupting the spindle filament, which in turn makes the spindle filament unable to pull the chromosome. |
| precautions | this product is poisonous and will be poisoned by swallowing and inhaling its dust. Soluble in water. Store in a cool, dry and ventilated place. Before and after loading and unloading should be thoroughly cleaned to isolate heat sources, combustibles, organics and other easily oxidized items. Keep away from food and metal powder. Any leaky lead nitrate should be removed and treated immediately. Fire fighting methods can be used in mist water and sand. If a small amount of lead nitrate catches fire, it can be washed with a large amount of water. If a large amount of lead nitrate fires, nitrate may melt and melt. At this time, avoid water rescue to prevent a large amount of molten lead nitrate from splashing. After being poisoned by lead nitrate, if you are slightly poisoned, you can drink milk, protein or trace magnesium sulfate, and drink a lot of boiled water. |
| application | lead salt, printing mordant, and used in paint, matches, explosives, decolorization, tanning, medicine, etc. |
| solubility in water (g/100ml) | dissolution grams per 100ml of water at different temperatures (℃): 37.5g/0 ℃;46.2g/10 ℃;54.3g/20 ℃;63.4g/30 ℃;72.1g/40 ℃ 91.6g/60 ℃;111g/80 ℃;133g/100 ℃ |
| toxicity | lead nitrate has toxic effects on human body, especially can change nervous system, blood and blood vessels. It has great influence on protein metabolism, cell energy balance and cell genetic system. Lead lines appear on the edge of the gums (mainly the front teeth), and the so-called "lead color" appears-the skin is earthy gray, and lead in the urine is considered to be a symptom of lead. If accidental ingestion of lead nitrate leads to acute poisoning, 1% ~ 2% magnesium sulfate solution can be used for gastric lavage, intravenous injection of 10% sodium thiosulfate 10 m1; Calcium estriate can be taken for chronic poisoning. The maximum allowable concentration of lead and inorganic lead compounds is 0.01 mg/m3. The average workday concentration was 0.007 mg/m3. There are lead vapor, nitrogen oxide gas and lead nitrate in the production process. These substances are all toxic, the equipment should be closed, and the production environment should be well ventilated. Wear a mask during operation. When the lead vapor concentration is high, a filter gas mask should be used. Eating and smoking in the workplace are prohibited during working hours. Wear protective work clothes and other labor protection supplies at work. You must shower with hot water after work, gargle and brush your teeth before and after meals. Regular medical examinations. Health food should be given. |
| use | used as milk yellow pigment raw material for glass, enamel and paper, raw material for manufacturing other lead salts, preservatives, photographic sensitizers, ore flotation agents, printing and dyeing mordants, etc. used as milk yellow pigment raw material for glass and enamel and yellow pigment raw material for paper. The inorganic industry is used to make other lead salts. The pharmaceutical industry is used to make astringents. Used for tanning. The printing and dyeing industry is used as a mordant. Used as photo sensitizer. As an ore flotation agent. It is also an oxidant used to make matches, fireworks, and explosives. Used as analytical reagent, oxidant and photographic sensitizer, also used in plate making, etc. used in the production of lead salt, also used in medicine, printing and dyeing, matches, pigments, dyes, explosives, tanning, plate making, Fireworks and other industries Glass lining industry is used to make creamy yellow pigment. The paper industry is used as a yellow pigment for paper. The printing and dyeing industry is used as a coal dyeing agent. The inorganic industry is used to make other lead salts and lead dioxide. The pharmaceutical industry is used to manufacture astringents, etc. The benzene industry is used as a tanning agent. The photographic industry is used as a photo sensitizer. The mining industry is used as an ore flotation agent. In addition, it is also used as an oxidant for the production of matches, pyrotechnics, explosives, and analytical chemical reagents. Several new polymer complexes of lead and dialkylamino derivatives of squaric acid were prepared, and their coordination modes were studied as possible prototypes for the study of lanthanide complexes. |
| production method | after the metal lead is melted in the lead melting furnace by salting out method, the water is excited into lead flowers or lead skins, and then rolled into lead rolls. Put the lead roll (or lead flower) into the acid-resistant reactor, add about 20% dilute nitric acid, and react with a slight excess of lead until the reaction liquid is light yellow and the solution concentration is about 40 ° Bé. After clarification, filter while hot to remove impurities. The clear liquid is sent to the salting-out device, and concentrated nitric acid is added while stirring, that is, lead nitrate is precipitated. After stirring for 1~2 hours, it is allowed to stand, so that the lead nitrate crystals sink, and the lead nitrate finished product is obtained by centrifugal separation. The lead nitrate solution obtained by 3Pb 10 8HNO3 → 3Pb(NO3)2 + 4H2O + 2NO ↑ evaporation method according to the salting-out method is filtered to remove impurities while hot, nitric acid is added to acidify to grass green, and the evaporator is concentrated to 59.7 ° Bé at normal pressure, I .e. lead nitrate is crystallized and precipitated, and the lead nitrate is obtained by centrifugal separation. Its 3Pb +8HNO3 → 3Pb(NO3)2 + 4H2O + 2NO ↑ nitrogen oxide gas escapes during the reaction process, which is toxic. For the treatment method, please refer to the absorption method of sodium nitrate production. |
| category | oxidant |
| toxicity classification | highly toxic |
| acute toxicity | abdominal cavity-rat LDL0: 270 mg/kg; Abdominal cavity-mouse LD50: 74 mg/kg |
| Explosive hazard characteristics | Mixed with reducing agent, sulfur, phosphorus, etc., can be exploded by heating, impact, friction |
| flammability hazard characteristics | Mixed with organic matter, reducing agent, flammable sulfur, and phosphorus; combustion produces toxic nitrogen oxides and lead-containing chemical smoke |
| storage and transportation characteristics | warehouse ventilation and low temperature drying; light loading and light unloading; separate from organic matter, reducing agent, sulfur and phosphorus flammable materials |
| fire extinguishing agent | mist water, sand |
| occupational standard | TWA 0.15 mg (lead)/m3 |
| toxic substance data | information provided by: pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov (external link) |
Last Update：2024-04-10 22:29:15
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