1-Nitropropane
1-Nitropropane
CAS: 108-03-2;25322-01-4
Molecular Formula: C3H7NO2
1-Nitropropane - Names and Identifiers
| Name | 1-Nitropropane |
| Synonyms | 1-NP 1-Nitropan 1-Nitropro Nitropropane 1-Nitropropane 1-NITROPROPANE Propane, nitro- Propane, 1-nitro- 1-Nitropropane (1-NP) 1-NITROPROPANE FOR SYNTHESIS 1 L 1-NITROPROPANE FOR SYNTHESIS 250 ML |
| CAS | 108-03-2 25322-01-4 |
| EINECS | 203-544-9 |
| InChI | InChI=1/C3H7NO2/c1-2-3-4(5)6/h2-3H2,1H3 |
| InChIKey | JSZOAYXJRCEYSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
1-Nitropropane - Physico-chemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | C3H7NO2 |
| Molar Mass | 89.09 |
| Density | 0.998g/mLat 25°C(lit.) |
| Melting Point | -108 °C |
| Boling Point | 132 °C |
| Flash Point | 93°F |
| Water Solubility | 1.40 g/100 mL |
| Solubility | 14g/l |
| Vapor Presure | 7.5 mm Hg ( 20 °C) |
| Vapor Density | 3.1 (vs air) |
| Appearance | Liquid |
| Color | Clear |
| Exposure Limit | NIOSH REL: TWA 25 ppm (90 mg/m3), IDLH 1,000 ppm; OSHA PEL: TWA25 ppm; ACGIH TLV: TWA 25 ppm (adopted). |
| Merck | 14,6626 |
| BRN | 506236 |
| pKa | pK1:8.98 (25°C) |
| PH | 6.0 (0.9g/l, H2O, 20℃) |
| Storage Condition | Store below +30°C. |
| Stability | Stable. Flammable. Incompatible with strong bases, strong oxidizing agents. |
| Explosive Limit | 2.2-11.0%(V) |
| Refractive Index | n20/D 1.401(lit.) |
| Physical and Chemical Properties | Colorless liquid with a chloroform-like odor. Melting Point -103.99 °c, boiling point 131.18 °c, relative density 1.001(20/4 °c), refractive index 1.4016, Flash Point (closed cup) 49 °c, ignition point 419 °c. The azeotrope with water has a nitropropane content of 63.5% and a azeotropic point of 91.63 °c. An explosive mixture was formed with air with an explosion limit of 2.6% by volume. With alcohol, ether and other organic solvents miscible, slightly soluble in water. |
1-Nitropropane - Risk and Safety
| Hazard Symbols | Xn - Harmful |
| Risk Codes | R10 - Flammable R20/21/22 - Harmful by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. |
| Safety Description | S9 - Keep container in a well-ventilated place. S24/25 - Avoid contact with skin and eyes. |
| UN IDs | UN 2608 3/PG 3 |
| WGK Germany | 1 |
| RTECS | TZ5075000 |
| TSCA | Yes |
| HS Code | 29042000 |
| Hazard Class | 3 |
| Packing Group | III |
| Toxicity | LD50 orally in Rabbit: 455 mg/kg LD50 dermal Rabbit > 2000 mg/kg |
1-Nitropropane - Nature
Open Data Verified Data
colorless liquid with a chloroform-like odor. Melting Point -103. 99 °c. Boiling point 131. 18 °c. The relative density was 1.001. Refractive index 4016. Flash point (closed cup) 49 °c. Ignition point: 419 ℃. The content of nitropropane in the azeotrope with water is 63. 5%, and the azeotrope has a azeotrope of 91. 63 ℃. An explosive mixture was formed with air with an explosion limit of 2.6% by volume.
Last Update：2025-06-10 22:55:16
1-Nitropropane - Preparation Method
Open Data Verified Data
It can be prepared by nitration of propane or propylene.
- propane nitration method propane is first sent to the preheater, preheating at 430~450 ℃, and then into the reaction Tower lined with glass and injected with 75% nitric acid, in 390~440 deg C temperature and 0. 69 ~ 0.86MPa pressure reaction, the condenser cooling can be different proportions of nitromethane, nitroethane, 1 A Nitro propane and 2 a Nitro propane.
- nitropropane can also be obtained from unsaturated hydrocarbons such as propylene through gas phase or liquid phase nitration, or saturated hydrocarbon liquid phase nitration.
Last Update：2022-01-01 10:34:15
1-Nitropropane - Application
Open Data Verified Data
This product is mainly used as a solvent for coatings, dyes, synthetic resins, fibers and synthetic rubbers; It is also an intermediate for producing chemical raw materials such as amines, hydroxyamines, nitrohydroxy compounds and chlorinated nitroalkanes; it may also be used as a fuel for a jet engine, etc.
Last Update：2025-08-19 16:24:40
1-Nitropropane - Safety
Open Data Verified Data
The toxicity of nitropropane is stronger than that of nitromethane and nitroethane, and the toxicity of 1 nitropropane is stronger than that of 2 nitropropane, and the local irritation of both is very strong, renal toxicity is also strong. All experimental animals were lethal at concentrations above 1% of the gas. See nitroethane for protection methods.
Last Update：2025-06-10 22:55:16
1-Nitropropane - Reference Information
| Henry's Law Constant | 6.11 at 25 °C (static headspace-GC, Welke et al., 1998) |
| LogP | 0.79 at 22℃ |
| NIST chemical information | information provided by: webbook.nist.gov (external link) |
| EPA chemical substance information | information provided by: ofmpeb.epa.gov (external link) |
| Application | is mainly used as solvent and intermediate, jet engine fuel, spray agent, etc. (1) as a solvent, Alcohols, Ketones, ethers, esters, and dyes, fats, waxes, resins, synthetic rubber have a strong solubility. It is a strong solvent for acetic acid fiber in combination with alcohol; It can be used in place of chlorinated hydrocarbon solvent to dissolve triacetic acid fiber in combination with alcohol and mishydrocarbon. The vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer can be dissolved as a low-temperature solvent, and can also be used to dissolve nitrocellulose. (2) for amines, hydroxy amines, Nitro hydroxy compounds, chlorinated Nitro alkanes and other chemical intermediates, such as nitropropane and methane in the presence of sulfuric acid hydrolysis, can be hydroxylamine sulfate and propionic acid. In the pharmaceutical industry for the production of anti-tuberculosis drugs ethylamine butyl hydrochloride. |
| production method | 1. Obtained by nitration of propane. Propane is preheated in a preheater at 430-450 °c and then introduced into a glass-or silica-lined reaction column. There are several places in the reaction tower where 75% nitric acid can be injected into the internal propane gas. The reaction temperature is adjusted to 390-440 ℃, the pressure is 0.69-0.86MPa, and the molar ratio of propane to nitric acid is 5:1, the gas from the reaction column is cooled by the condenser, and the nitropropane is condensed with dilute nitric acid. The propane and gaseous oxides are recovered by the recovery column and the propane is recycled. The resulting product was nitromethane 10%-30%, nitroethane 20%-25%, 1-nitropropane 25%, 2-nitropropane 40%. The product can also be obtained by nitration of propylene. Nitropropane can also be obtained from unsaturated hydrocarbons such as propylene by gas phase or liquid phase nitration, or by liquid phase nitration of saturated hydrocarbons. |
| category | flammable liquid |
| toxicity grade | high toxicity |
| Acute toxicity | oral-rat LD50: 455 mg/kg |
| stimulation data | eyes-human 150 ppm/15 |
| explosive hazard characteristics | explosive when mixed with air |
| flammability hazard characteristics | flammable; High heat releases toxic nitric oxide gas |
| storage and transportation characteristics | The warehouse is ventilated and dried at low temperature; Storage and transportation is separated from oxidant |
| extinguishing agent | dry powder, carbon dioxide, sand |
| Occupational Standard | TWA 90 mg/m3; Tel 150 mg/m3 |
| spontaneous combustion temperature | 788 ° F. |
| toxic substance data | information provided by: pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov (external link) |
| immediate life-and health-threatening concentrations | 1,000 ppm |
Last Update：2024-04-10 22:29:15
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