111-42-2
Diethanolamine
CAS: 111-42-2
Molecular Formula: C4H11NO2
111-42-2 - Names and Identifiers
| Name | Diethanolamine |
| Synonyms | DEA diolamine DETHANOLOMINE Diethanolamine 2,2-Iminodiethanol 2,2-IMINODIETHANOL Diethanlamine (DEA) DIETHANOLAMINE, ACS 2,2'-IMINODIETHANOL 2,2'-Iminodiethanol 2,2'-DIHYDROXYDIETHYLAMINE Bis(beta-hydroxyethyl)amine 2,2'-IMINODIETHANOL,BIS(BETA-HYDROXYETHYL)AMINE |
| CAS | 111-42-2 |
| EINECS | 203-868-0 |
| InChI | InChI=1/C4H11NO2/c6-3-1-5-2-4-7/h5-7H,1-4H2 |
| InChIKey | ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
111-42-2 - Physico-chemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | C4H11NO2 |
| Molar Mass | 105.14 |
| Density | 1.097 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.) |
| Melting Point | 28 °C (lit.) |
| Boling Point | 217 °C/150 mmHg (lit.) |
| Flash Point | 280°F |
| Water Solubility | MISCIBLE |
| Solubility | H2O: 1M at20°C, clear, colorless |
| Vapor Presure | <0.98 atm ( 100 °C) |
| Vapor Density | 3.6 (vs air) |
| Appearance | Viscous Liquid or Low Melting Solid |
| Specific Gravity | 1.09 |
| Color | APHA: ≤15 |
| Odor | Mild ammoniacal; faint, fishy; characteristic. |
| Exposure Limit | TLV-TWA 3 ppm (～13 mg/m3) (ACGIH). |
| Maximum wavelength(λmax) | ['λ: 260 nm Amax: 0.04', , 'λ: 280 nm Amax: 0.02'] |
| Merck | 14,3107 |
| BRN | 605315 |
| pKa | 8.88(at 25℃) |
| PH | 11.0-12.0 (25℃, 1M in H2O) |
| Storage Condition | 2-8°C |
| Stability | Stable. Incompatible with carbon dioxide, strong acids, strong oxidizing agents. Deliquescent. |
| Sensitive | Hygroscopic |
| Explosive Limit | 2.1-10.6%(V) |
| Refractive Index | n20/D 1.477(lit.) |
| Physical and Chemical Properties | Properties colorless viscous liquid solubility the solubility in benzene is 4.2%, the solubility in ether is 0.8% at 25 ℃, and the solubility in carbon tetrachloride is less than 0.1% at 25 ℃. |
| Use | Used as a gas purifying agent, also used as a raw material for the synthesis of drugs and Organic synthesis |
111-42-2 - Risk and Safety
| Hazard Symbols | Xn - Harmful |
| Risk Codes | R22 - Harmful if swallowed R38 - Irritating to the skin R41 - Risk of serious damage to eyes R48/22 - Harmful danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure if swallowed. |
| Safety Description | S26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. S36/37/39 - Wear suitable protective clothing, gloves and eye/face protection. S46 - If swallowed, seek medical advice immediately and show this container or label. |
| UN IDs | 3267 |
| WGK Germany | 1 |
| RTECS | KL2975000 |
| FLUKA BRAND F CODES | 3 |
| TSCA | Yes |
| HS Code | 29221200 |
| Packing Group | II |
| Toxicity | LD50 orally in rats: 12.76 g/kg (Smyth) |
111-42-2 - Upstream Downstream Industry
| Raw Materials | Ethylene Oxide Ammonia |
| Downstream Products | Iminodiacetic Acid Piperazine hexahydrate Urea Glyphosate Diethanolamine Karl Fischer reagent ketoconazole mechlorethamine hydrochloride |
111-42-2 - Nature
Open Data Verified Data
at room temperature, diethanolamine was a colorless crystalline solid. Mild ammonia odor. Soluble in water and alcohol, soluble in acetone, slightly soluble in ether and benzene, insoluble in carbon tetrachloride and heptane. Diethanolamine can absorb water and carbon dioxide in the air, and its freezing point is significantly reduced after mixing with water. Diethanolamine is flammable. The lower explosive limit is 1.6% (volume fraction) and the spontaneous combustion temperature is 662 ℃. Flammable in case of open flame and high heat. Reactions with strong oxidants may occur. Thermal decomposition of the emission of toxic ammonia oxidation flue gas.
Last Update：2025-06-10 22:55:16
111-42-2 - Preparation Method
Open Data Verified Data
see monoethanolamine.
Last Update：2022-01-01 09:30:14
111-42-2 - Application
Open Data Verified Data
diethanolamine is an important corrosion inhibitor, which can be used in boiler water treatment, automobile engine coolant, drilling and cutting oil and other types of lubricating oil. It is also used in natural gas as an absorbent for the purification of acid gases. It is used as an emulsifier in various cosmetics and pharmaceuticals. In the textile industry as a lubricant, but also can be used as wetting agent and softening agent and other raw materials for organic synthesis.
Last Update：2025-08-19 16:24:40
111-42-2 - Safety
Open Data Verified Data
rat oral LD50: 12.76g/kg. Inhalation of this product vapor or mist, stimulate the respiratory tract, high concentrations of inhalation can appear Cough, Head Pain, Nausea, Vomit, Coma symptoms. Vapor is strongly irritating to the eyes and can cause severe damage to the eyes and even blindness. Prolonged contact with the skin can cause burns. Long-term exposure to this product can lead to liver and kidney damage. Should be stored in a cool, dry, well-ventilated warehouse, away from fire, heat sources, to prevent direct sunlight. To be separated from the acid, oxidant storage and transportation.
Last Update：2022-01-01 09:30:15
111-42-2 - Reference Information
| LogP | -2.46 at 25℃ |
| (IARC) carcinogen classification | 2B (Vol. 77, 101) 2013 |
| NIST chemical information | Information provided by: webbook.nist.gov (external link) |
| EPA chemical information | Information provided by: ofmpub.epa.gov (external link) |
| Background | Ethanolamine EA is the most important product in amino alcohols, including monoethanolamine MEA, diethanolamine DEA and triethanolamine TEA. Ethanolamine is an important organic intermediate, which is widely used in surfactants, synthetic detergents, petroleum additives, synthetic resins and rubber plasticizers, accelerators, vulcanizing agents and foaming agents, as well as gas purification, Liquid antifreeze, printing and dyeing, medicine, pesticide, construction, military and other fields. Many downstream products of ethanolamine are important fine chemical intermediates, and they are also relatively tight chemical products in our country. Therefore, increase the application and development of ethanolamine, on the one hand, meet the needs of domestic fine chemicals, on the other hand, promote the rapid development of ethanolamine industry. |
| introduction | diethanolamine is also called dihydroxyethyl amine, 2,2 '-imino diethanol, white crystal or colorless liquid, with strong hygroscopicity. It is easily soluble in water, methanol, ethanol, acetone and benzene, and its solubility (g/100g) in benzene at 25 ℃ is 4.2 and 0.8 in ether. Its use is: gas purifier, which can absorb acid gases in the gas, such as carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, sulfur dioxide, etc., the "Benfield" solution used in the synthetic ammonia industry, which is mainly composed of this product; also Used as emulsifier, lubricant, shampoo, thickener, etc.; organic synthetic intermediate, used to produce detergent raw materials, preservatives and daily chemical products (such as surfactants); synthetic morpholine. |
| Uses | Diethanolamine is used as a raw material for buffers in the pharmaceutical industry. When producing high-resilience polyurethane foam, it is used as a cross-linking agent, mixed with triethanolamine as a detergent for aircraft engine pistons, reacts with fatty acids to generate alkyl alcohol acyl, is also used as organic synthetic raw materials, raw materials for surfactants and acid gas absorbers, used as thickeners and foam modifiers in shampoos and light detergents Agent, it is used as an intermediate agent in the organic synthesis industry, as a solvent in the pharmaceutical industry, and has a greater use in the washing industry, cosmetics industry, agriculture, construction and metal industries. Iminodiethanol, also known as diethanolamine, is an intermediate of the herbicide glyphosate. as a gas purifier, also as a raw material for synthetic drugs and organic synthesis as an analytical reagent, gas chromatography stationary liquid, softener and lubricant, also used in organic synthesis diethanolamine is mainly used as CO2, H2S and SO2 acid gas absorbent, non-ionic surfactant, emulsifier, eraser, industrial gas purifier, lubricant. Used as a thickener foam improver in shampoos and light detergents, and as a softener in synthetic fiber and leather production. Diethanolamine reacts with 70% sulfuric acid to dehydrate and cyclize to form morpholine (ie 1, 4-oxacyclohexane). Morpholine and diethanolamine are both intermediates in organic synthesis. For example, they can be used to produce certain optical bleaching agents in the textile industry. The fatty acid salt of morpholine can be used as a preservative. Morpholine can also be used to produce the central inhibitory drug pholcodine or as a solvent. Diethanolamine is used in analytical chemistry as a reagent and gas chromatography stationary liquid, which can selectively retain and separate alcohols, diols, amines, pyridines, quinoline, piperazine, thiols, thioethers and water. Acid gas absorbent, oxidant, organic synthesis, softening and lubricant. Gas chromatography stationary solution (maximum service temperature 60 ℃, solvent is methanol), selective retention and separation of alcohols, diols, amines, pyridines, quinoline, piperazine, thiols, thioethers and water. |
| Preparation | Formaldehyde cyanohydrin catalytic hydrogenation method: This method uses formaldehyde cyanohydrin and hydrogen to react in the presence of nickel catalyst, in addition to producing monoethanolamine and In addition to diethanolamine, ammonia is also generated. The reaction is as follows: |
| Production method | Diethanolamine is obtained from the reaction of ethylene oxide and ammonia, and monoethanolamine and triethanolamine are also obtained. The ethylene oxide and ammonia water are sent to the reactor, and the condensation reaction is carried out at the reaction temperature of 30-40 ℃ and the reaction pressure of 70.9-304kPa to form a mixture of 1. 2. triethanolamine. After dehydration and concentration at 90-120 ℃, the mixture is sent to three vacuum distillation columns for vacuum distillation, and the fractions are cut according to different boiling points, and the finished products of monoethanolamine, diethanolamine and triethanolamine with purity up to 99% can be obtained. In the reaction process, if the proportion of ethylene oxide is increased, the proportion of 2. triethanolamine formation is increased, which can improve the yield of 2. triethanolamine. The preparation method is to use liquid ammonia and ethylene oxide under pressure at 132 ℃ to react to obtain monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, and can also use monoethanolamine as raw material to prepare each diethanolamine. |
| category | corroded articles |
| toxicity classification | poisoning |
| acute toxicity | oral-rat LD50: 710 mg/kg; Oral-mouse LD50: 3300 mg/kg |
| stimulation data | skin-rabbit 500 mg/24 hours mild; Eye-rabbit 0.75 mg/24 hours severe |
| explosive hazard characteristics | explosive when mixed with air; corrosive |
| flammability hazard characteristics | flammability; combustion emits toxic ammonia and nitrogen oxide smoke |
| storage and transportation characteristics | warehouse ventilation and low temperature drying; Store separately from acids. |
| fire extinguishing agent | mist water, foam, carbon dioxide, dry powder |
| occupational standard | TLV-TWA 3 PPM (15 mg/m3); STEL 30 mg/m3 |
| auto-ignition temperature | 689 °F |
| toxic substance data | information provided by: pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov (external link) |
Last Update：2024-04-09 15:16:47
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