121-44-8
Triethylamine
CAS: 121-44-8
Molecular Formula: C6H15N
121-44-8 - Names and Identifiers
| Name | Triethylamine |
| Synonyms | TETN (C2H5)3N ai3-15425 ethanamine Triethylamine Triethyl Amine AKOS BBS-00004381 N,N,N-Triethylamine (Diethylamino)ethane N,N-Diethylethanamin ethanamine,n,n-diethyl- N,N-diethylethanaminium Ethanamine, N,N-diethyl- N,N-diethylethanamine sulfate N,N-diethylethanaminium bromide |
| CAS | 121-44-8 |
| EINECS | 204-469-4 |
| InChI | InChI=1/C6H15N.H2O4S/c1-4-7(5-2)6-3;1-5(2,3)4/h4-6H2,1-3H3;(H2,1,2,3,4) |
| InChIKey | ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
121-44-8 - Physico-chemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | C6H15N |
| Molar Mass | 101.19 |
| Density | 0.728 |
| Melting Point | -115 °C |
| Boling Point | 90 °C |
| Flash Point | 20°F |
| JECFA Number | 1611 |
| Water Solubility | 133 g/L (20 ºC) |
| Solubility | water: soluble112g/L at 20°C |
| Vapor Presure | 51.75 mm Hg ( 20 °C) |
| Vapor Density | 3.5 (vs air) |
| Appearance | Liquid |
| Specific Gravity | 0.725 (20/4℃) |
| Color | Clear |
| Odor | Strong ammonia-like odor |
| Exposure Limit | NIOSH REL: IDLH 200 ppm; OSHA PEL: TWA 25 ppm (100 mg/m3); ACGIHTLV: TWA 1 ppm, STEL 3 ppm (adopted). |
| Merck | 14,9666 |
| BRN | 1843166 |
| pKa | 10.75(at 25℃) |
| PH | 12.7 (100g/l, H2O, 15℃)(IUCLID) |
| Storage Condition | Store below +30°C. |
| Stability | Stable. Extremely flammable. Readily forms explosive mixtures with air. Note low flash point. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, strong acids, ketones, aldehydes, halogenated hydrocarbons. |
| Explosive Limit | 1.2-9.3%(V) |
| Refractive Index | n20/D 1.401(lit.) |
| Physical and Chemical Properties | density 0.728 |
| Use | Used in the manufacture of pharmaceuticals, pesticides, polymerization inhibitors, high-energy fuels, rubber curing agents, etc |
121-44-8 - Risk and Safety
| Risk Codes | R11 - Highly Flammable R20/21/22 - Harmful by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. R35 - Causes severe burns |
| Safety Description | S3 - Keep in a cool place. S16 - Keep away from sources of ignition. S26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. S29 - Do not empty into drains. S36/37/39 - Wear suitable protective clothing, gloves and eye/face protection. S45 - In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label whenever possible.) S61 - Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions / safety data sheets. |
| UN IDs | UN 1296 3/PG 2 |
| WGK Germany | 1 |
| RTECS | YE0175000 |
| FLUKA BRAND F CODES | 34 |
| TSCA | Yes |
| HS Code | 29211910 |
| Hazard Note | Highly Flammable/Corrosive |
| Hazard Class | 3 |
| Packing Group | II |
| Toxicity | LD50 orally in rats: 0.46 g/kg (Smyth) |
121-44-8 - Upstream Downstream Industry
| Raw Materials | Hydrogen Ammonia Ethyl Alcohol |
| Downstream Products | Ethanamine,N,N-diethyl-,hydrochloride BPTA Pirimiphos-ethyl Cypermethrin, High Effect Glyphosate Metolachlor Dichlormid |
121-44-8 - Nature
Open Data Verified Data
colorless volatile liquid, strong ammonia odor, flammable. Slightly soluble in water, soluble in ethanol, ether and other organic solvents. The explosion limit in air is 1.2% ~ 8.0%. Alkaline. Its vapor and air to form an explosive mixture, fire, high heat caused by combustion explosion. A strong reaction with an oxidizing agent can occur.
Last Update：2025-06-10 22:55:16
121-44-8 - Preparation Method
Open Data Verified Data
In the presence of oxygen, ethanol and ammonia are synthesized by heating in the presence of a copper-nickel-clay catalyst to produce a mixture of mono-, di-and triethylamine. The mixture was condensed, extracted and absorbed to obtain a crude product. The crude product is then separated, layered by standing, dehydrated and distilled to obtain the product.
Last Update：2025-06-10 22:55:16
121-44-8 - Application
Open Data Verified Data
may be used as a solvent. It is used as a catalyst in the production of polyurethane foam in combination with organic tin compounds. It can be used as a catalyst for the preparation of polycarbonate by phosgene, a polymerization inhibitor of tetrafluoroethylene, a rubber vulcanization accelerator, a special solvent for paint stripper, a surfactant, an ion exchange resin, a preservative, a bactericide, a dye, a perfume, enamel anti-hardening agent, medicine, high-energy raw materials, liquid rocket propellant, etc.
Last Update：2025-08-19 16:24:40
121-44-8 - Safety
Open Data Verified Data
rat oral LD50:460mg/kg; Rabbit percutaneous LD50:570mg/kg, Mouse Inhalation 2hlcs 0 6000mg/m3. There was severe stimulation in rabbits 24H 250ug. The minimum oral toxic dose (TDLa) in rabbits: 6900ug/kg (1-3 days of gestation). It has strong irritation to the respiratory tract, and can cause pulmonary edema and even death after inhalation. Oral erosion of the mouth, esophagus and stomach. Eye and skin contact can cause chemical burns. Staff should be protected. If the skin and eyes are touched, a large amount of flowing water should be used immediately. Store in a cool, ventilated warehouse. Keep away from fire and heat source. The temperature should not exceed 30 ℃ to prevent direct sunlight. Packaging is required to be sealed and not to be in contact with air. Should be stored separately from the oxidant, acid, alkali.
Last Update：2022-01-01 09:27:17
121-44-8 - Reference Information
| FEMA | 4246 | TRIETHYLAMINE |
| relative polarity | 1.8 |
| olfactory Threshold | 0.0054ppm |
| Henry's Law Constant | 1.79 at 25 °C (Christie and Crisp, 1967) |
| NIST chemical information | information provided by: webbook.nist.gov (external link) |
| EPA chemical substance information | information provided by: ofmpeb.epa.gov (external link) |
| Overview | triethylamine (molecular formula: C6H15N), also known as N,N-diethylethylamine, the simplest tri-substituted tertiary amine, with typical properties of tertiary amines, including salt formation, oxidation, the Hisberg reaction of triethylamine is non-reactive. The appearance of colorless to light yellow transparent liquid, strong ammonia odor, micro smoke in the air. Boiling Point: 89.5 ° C, relative density (water = 1):0.70, relative density (Air = 1):3.48, slightly soluble in water, soluble in ethanol, ether. The aqueous solution is alkaline. Flammable, its vapor can form an explosive mixture with air, the explosion limit of 1.2% ~ 8.0%. Toxic, with strong irritation. |
| purification and removal of water | the water from triethylamine is generally removed by distillation, it is also possible to add a neutral desiccant such as anhydrous Na2SO4 or an alkaline desiccant such as CaCl2 to dry and resteam. Dried with calcium sulfate, lithium aluminum hydride, 4A molecular sieve, calcium hydride, potassium hydroxide or potassium carbonate followed by distillation. Can also use barium oxide, sodium Silk as desiccant, with acetic anhydride, benzoic anhydride, phthalic anhydride or p-Toluenesulfonyl chloride reflux together, distillate with activated alumina or solid potassium hydroxide after drying in distillation can remove triethylamine contained in the trace of primary and secondary amines. |
| preparation method | can be prepared from ethanol and ammonia in the presence of hydrogen, the reaction was carried out in a reactor equipped with a copper-nickel-clay catalyst under heating conditions (190±2 ° C. And 165±2 ° C.). The reaction also produces monoethylamine and diethylamine, and the product is condensed, and then absorbed by ethanol spray to obtain crude triethylamine. Finally, the product is separated, dehydrated and fractionated to obtain pure triethylamine. |
| function | mainly used as bases, catalysts, solvents and raw materials in organic synthesis, also used as high-energy fuel, rubber vulcanization accelerator, tetrafluoroethylene polymerization inhibitors, surfactants, wetting agents, preservatives and fungicides. Triethylamine is the simplest Homo-trisubstituted tertiary amine that is liquid at room temperature and is therefore widely used as a solvent and base in organic synthesis, generally abbreviated as Et3N, NEt3 or TEA. It is one of the most commonly used organic bases in organic synthesis. The boiling point is about 89 degrees Celsius, which is relatively easy to remove by distillation. The hydrochlorides and hydrobromides are also not very soluble in organic solvents such as diethyl ether and can sometimes be separated directly by filtration. The simpler trimethylamine is a colorless gas under normal conditions and must be stored under pressure in a gas tank or in the form of a 40% aqueous solution, which is not as easy to use as triethylamine. Triethylamine can be used as the elimination reaction such as sworn oxidation reaction, dehydrohalogenation reaction, Heck reaction, the preparation reaction of silanol ether, the reaction of preparing Ester and amide from acyl chloride, and the reaction of giving hydroxyl, A basic catalyst in the case of a protecting group on a carboxyl group and an amino group. It can be reacted with hydrochloric acid to obtain triethylamine hydrochloride, and the corresponding quaternary ammonium salt can be obtained by reaction with the alkylating agent. |
| harm | vapors or liquids can irritate the skin and mucous membranes. After inhalation of steam, can make the respiratory organs, blood circulation system, central nervous system, liver and other mucosal tissues and other body dysfunction. The maximum allowable concentration at the production site is 30mg/m3. Hazardous characteristics: flammable, its vapor mixed with air can form an explosive mixture. In case of high fever, open flame can cause combustion explosion. A strong reaction with an oxidizing agent can occur. Its vapor is heavier than air, and it can diffuse to a fairly far place at a lower point, and it will lead back to ignition in the event of an open flame. Corrosive. |
| Application | can be used as solvent and raw material in organic synthesis industry. Can be used for the preparation of phosgene polycarbonate catalyst, tetrafluoroethylene polymerization inhibitor, rubber vulcanization accelerator, paint remover in the special solvent, enamel hardener, surfactant, preservative, bactericide, ion exchange resin, dye, spices, drugs, high-energy fuels and liquid rocket propellants. The products consuming triethylamine in the pharmaceutical industry are (consumption quota, t/t): ampicillin sodium (0.465), amoxicillin (0.391), Pioneer IV (2.550), cefazolin sodium (2.442), cefradine (1.093), piperacillin (0.584), ketoconazole (8.00), vitamin B6(0.502), fluxic acid (10.00), praziquantel (0.667), thiotepa (1.970), penicillamine (1.290), berberine hydrochloride (0.030), verapamil (0.540), Alprazolam (3.950), O-chlorophenylacetic acid (0.010) and pipemidic acid, etc. It is used for the preparation of the fourth amine compound and the synthesis of the catalyst. It is also used as a rubber vulcanization accelerator, a penetrating agent and a water repellent to produce quaternary ammonium compounds, a synthetic catalyst, a rubber vulcanization accelerator, and a photographic worker. Mobile phase modifier for the separation of acidic, basic and neutral drugs by Reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). Separation of amino acids and amino acid amides is improved by inhibition of tailing. Used in the manufacture of pharmaceuticals, pesticides, polymerization inhibitors, high-energy fuels, rubber curing agent, etc. |
| production method | can be made by the action of ethanol and ammonia. Ethanol and liquid ammonia are gasified in the presence of hydrogen and then passed into a preheater (150±5 °c) for preheating and then into a first reactor (190±2 °c) equipped with a copper-nickel-clay catalyst. And the second reactor (165±2 deg C) synthesis, the formation of a mixture of monoethylamine, diethylamine, triethylamine, after condensation, and then absorbed by ethanol spray triethanolamine crude, and finally separated, dehydration and fractionation were carried out and the 88-90 °c fraction was collected to yield triethylamine. Raw material consumption quota: ethanol (95%)2300kg/t, liquid ammonia (99%)500kg/t, hydrogen (99%)150/t. |
| category | flammable liquid |
| toxicity grade | poisoning |
| Acute toxicity | oral-rat LD50: 460 mg/kg; Oral-mouse LD50: 546 mg/kg |
| stimulation data | eye-rabbit 250 mg severe |
| explosive hazard characteristics | explosive when mixed with air |
| flammability hazard characteristics | in case of fire, high temperature, oxidant flammable; toxic NOx smoke from combustion |
| storage and transportation characteristics | The warehouse is ventilated and dried at low temperature; Stored separately from oxidants and acids |
| extinguishing agent | dry powder, dry sand, carbon dioxide, foam |
| Occupational Standard | TWA 40 mg/m3 |
| spontaneous combustion temperature | 593 ° F. |
| toxic substance data | information provided by: pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov (external link) |
| immediate life-and health-threatening concentration | 200 ppm |
Last Update：2024-09-05 10:22:06
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121-44-8
21265-50-9
2-MORPHOLINEACETIC ACID
Antimony (III) fluoride
YTTRIUM(+3)CHLORIDE HEXAHYDRATE
orange
21265-50-9
2-MORPHOLINEACETIC ACID
Antimony (III) fluoride
YTTRIUM(+3)CHLORIDE HEXAHYDRATE
orange
Raw Materials for 121-44-8
Downstream Products for 121-44-8