Calamine
Calamine
CAS: 12196-21-3;8011-96-9
Molecular Formula: ZnCO3
Calamine - Names and Identifiers
| Name | Calamine |
| Synonyms | Calamine |
| CAS | 12196-21-3 8011-96-9 |
Calamine - Physico-chemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | ZnCO3 |
| Molar Mass | 241.0776 |
| Use | Calamine is a carbonate mineral calcite, which mainly contains zinc carbonate. After digging, wash and dry to remove miscellaneous stones. This product is a block aggregate, irregular block, gray or light red. The surface is powdery, matte, uneven, porous, and honeycomb-like. Light and fragile. Odorless, slightly astringent. Functions and indications: detoxify, improve eyesight and retreat, collect dampness, relieve itching and collect sores. It is used for red eye swelling and pain, red eye margin, pterygium, ulcers, pus dripping, wet sores, skin itching. |
Calamine - Character identification
trait identification
(1) Shengganshi (saltstone) is a massive or bell-milk aggregate. Irregular lumps. White, off-white or light khaki, streaks off-white to light brown. Some of the surfaces are sunken or porous, like honeycomb. Soil-like luster, opaque, light, hard and brittle, fragile, white or light khaki in section, and some yellow and white like patterns. No odor, slightly astringent taste. (2) Floating water ganshi (water zinc ore) is mostly white with more pores. Light body, soft quality, strong water absorption, sticky tongue. It is better to have white color, light body and loose quality.
microscopic identification
(1) under the transmission polarizer of raw ganshi (sendarite): the flakes are colorless and transparent, but due to iron pollution, the crystallization is worse, often brown-brown, crystal rhombohedron is clear, the particle size is generally 0.01mm, and the particles are closely inlaid. Refractive index Ne = 1.849,No = 1.621; Birefringence Ne-No = 0.228. The interference color is high-grade color, more vivid than carbonate ore; parallel extinction. One-axis crystal; negative light. (2) Floating water ganshi (water zinc ore) transmission polarizer: microstrip yellow, often in the shape of a ring needle and granular. Needles are often distributed along cleavable fissures, with a length of 0.03mm; The granular rhombohedron is clear with a particle size of 0.01-0.02mm. Refractive index Np = 1.640,Nm = 1.736,Ng = 1.750; Birefringence Ng-Np = 0.110; Bright interference color (higher); Parallel extinction. Biaxial crystal; positive light.
The quality mark "Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China" 1995 edition stipulates that the product shall be calculated as a dry product and shall contain no less than 40.0% zinc oxide (ZnO).
Last Update：2024-04-10 22:29:15
Calamine - Chemical composition
Calamine
The main component is zinc carbonate (ZnCO3), with a small amount of calcium oxide (CaO)0.27%, magnesium oxide (MgO)0.45%, iron oxide (Fe2O3)0.58%, manganese oxide (MnO)0.01%. Zinc is often replaced by a small amount of iron (divalent). Some still contain a small amount of cobalt, copper, cadmium, lead and trace amounts of germanium and indium. Calamine from Qingdao and Jinan contains a small amount of iron, aluminum, calcium, magnesium and other impurities and a very small amount of sodium.
Floating water ganshi
The main component is basic zinc carbonate [Zn5(CO3)2 ·(OH)6], and contains lead, cadmium, magnesium, iron, aluminum and other impurities.
Last Update：2024-04-10 22:29:15
Calamine - Pharmacopoeia Standard (2010 Edition)
Name
Calamine
Luganshi
CALAMINA
Source
This product is a carbonate mineral calcite, which mainly contains zinc carbonate (ZnCO3). After digging, wash and dry to remove miscellaneous stones.
Character
This product is a block aggregate, which is irregular block. Gray white or light red, the surface is powdery, matte, uneven, porous, and honeycomb-like. Light and fragile. The air is slight and the taste is slight.
Identification
(1) Take 1g of coarse powder of this product and add 10ml of dilute hydrochloric acid, I .e. bubble to boil, generate carbon dioxide gas, and lead into calcium hydroxide test solution to generate white precipitate.
(2) Take 1g of coarse powder of this product, add 10ml of dilute hydrochloric acid to dissolve it, filter it, and add potassium ferrocyanide test solution to the filtrate to generate white precipitate or trace blue precipitate.
Determination of content
Take about 0.1g of this product powder, dry it at 105 ℃ for 1 hour, weigh it accurately, place it in a conical flask, add 10ml of dilute hydrochloric acid, shake to dissolve zinc salt, add 10ml of concentrated ammonia test solution and 10ml of ammonia-ammonium chloride buffer (pH10.0), shake well, add 10ml of disodium hydrogen phosphate test solution, shake and filter. The conical flask and residue are washed 3 times with a mixed solution of 1 part of ammonia-ammonium chloride buffer (pH10.0) and 4 parts of water, 10ml each time, the washing solution and filtrate are combined, 15ml of 30% triethanolamine solution and a small amount of chrome black T indicator are added, and the solution is titrated with ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid disodium titrant (0.05mol/L) until the solution changes from purplish red to pure blue. Each 1ml of disodium ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid titrant (0.05mol/L) is equivalent to 4.069mg of zinc oxide (ZnO).
This product is calculated as dry product and contains zinc oxide (ZnO) not less than 40.0%.
Calamine decoction pieces
1 Processing
1.1 calamine
Remove impurities and break them.
1.2 calcined calamine
Clean calamine is taken, calcined by lighting calcination method (Appendix II D) until red, then fly by water fly method (Appendix II D) and dry.
This product is white, light yellow or pink powder; light, soft and smooth. The air is slight and the taste is slight.
1.2.1 Content determination
The same medicinal material contains zinc oxide (Zn(1)) not less than 56.0%.
2 Sex and taste and return to the meridian
Gan, Ping. Return to liver and spleen meridian.
3 Functions and indications
Detoxification, clear eyes and retreat, dampness, itching and sores. It is used for red eye swelling and pain, red eyelid string rotting, pterygium covering eyes, pterygium climbing eyes, ulcers not converging, pus dripping, wet sores and itching.
4 usage and dosage
Appropriate amount for external use.
5 Storage
Place in dry place
Last Update：2024-04-09 01:59:50
Calamine - Original morphology
1. the crystal structure of siderite belongs to the tripartite crystal system. A single crystal is rhombohedral or complex triangulohedron, but it is rare. It is often a bell-shaped, massive, earthen, and husk-like aggregate. Pure white, often dyed gray, light yellow, light green or light brown. Transparent to translucent, glassy or dull earthen luster, sometimes pearly luster on the crystal surface. Hardness 4.5-5, brittle, uneven fracture. Relative density 4-4.5.
2. It is a concentric band with block, earthen, porous to dense, skin-like and fine fiber structure. White to grayish yellow, brown purple, light purple. The earthen luster is also spun silk luster. Hardness 4, relative density 3.5-3.8.
Last Update：2024-04-10 22:29:15
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CAS: 8011-96-9
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