Chlorpyriphos
chlorpyrifos
CAS: 2921-88-2
Molecular Formula: C9H11Cl3NO3PS
Chlorpyriphos - Names and Identifiers
| Name | chlorpyrifos |
| Synonyms | ISO BSI ANSI Eradex OMS 971 DURSBAN Lorsban Dowco179 ENT27311 DOWCO 179 DURSBAN(R) dursban hf Clorpyrifos CHLORPYRIFOS chlorpyrifos Chlorpyritos Chlorpyriphos Trichlorpyrphos chlorpyrifos-ethyl O,O-diethyl O-3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridyl phosphorothioate O,O-diethyl S-(3,5,6-trichloropyridin-2-yl) thiophosphate O,O-diethyl-O-(3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridyl)phos-phorothioate O,O-diethyl O-(3,5,6-trichloropyridin-2-yl) phosphorothioate Phosphorothioic acid O,O-diethyl O-(3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinyl) ester |
| CAS | 2921-88-2 |
| EINECS | 220-864-4 |
| InChI | InChI=1/C9H11Cl3NO3PS/c1-3-15-17(14,16-4-2)18-9-7(11)5-6(10)8(12)13-9/h5H,3-4H2,1-2H3 |
| InChIKey | SBPBAQFWLVIOKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
Chlorpyriphos - Physico-chemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | C9H11Cl3NO3PS |
| Molar Mass | 350.59 |
| Density | 1.398 |
| Melting Point | 42-44°C |
| Boling Point | 200°C |
| Flash Point | 2°C |
| Water Solubility | Insoluble. 0.00013 g/100 mL |
| Solubility | (At 25 °): 6.5, 7.9, 6.3, and 0.45 kg/kg in acetone, benzene, chloroform, and methanol, respectively(Worthing and Hance, 1991) |
| Vapor Presure | 5.03 x 10-5 mmHg at 25 °C (subcooled liquid vapor pressure calculated from GC retention time data,Hinckley et al., 1990) |
| Appearance | solid |
| Exposure Limit | OSHA PEL: TWA 0.2 mg/m3, STEL 0.6 mg/m3; ACGIH TLV: TWA0.2 mg/m3, STEL 0.6 mg/m3 |
| Merck | 13,2208 |
| BRN | 1545756 |
| pKa | -5.28±0.10(Predicted) |
| Storage Condition | APPROX 4°C |
| Stability | Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents. |
| Refractive Index | 1.56 |
| MDL | MFCD00041800 |
| Physical and Chemical Properties | The original drug is white granular Crystal, stable at room temperature, with thiol odor, density 1.398(43.5 ℃), melting point 41.5~43.5 ℃, vapor pressure 2.5mPa(25 ℃), water solubility of 1.2mg/L, soluble in most organic solvents. |
| Use | Is a phosphorothioate insecticide, with contact, stomach poison and fumigation effect. In the leaves of the late period is not long, but in the soil is longer, so the control effect of underground pests is better. At the recommended dose, no phytotoxicity to most crops, but sensitivity to tobacco |
Chlorpyriphos - Risk and Safety
| Risk Codes | R25 - Toxic if swallowed R50/53 - Very toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. R36 - Irritating to the eyes R20/21/22 - Harmful by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. R11 - Highly Flammable R38 - Irritating to the skin |
| Safety Description | S1/2 - Keep locked up and out of the reach of children. S45 - In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label whenever possible.) S60 - This material and its container must be disposed of as hazardous waste. S61 - Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions / safety data sheets. S36/37 - Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves. S26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. S16 - Keep away from sources of ignition. |
| UN IDs | UN 2783 |
| WGK Germany | 3 |
| RTECS | TF6300000 |
| HS Code | 29333990 |
| Hazard Class | 6.1(b) |
| Packing Group | III |
| Toxicity | LD50 orally in rats: 145 mg/kg (Schafer) |
Chlorpyriphos - Nature
Open Data Verified Data
The original drug is white granular Crystal, stable at room temperature, with thiol odor. Water solubility of 2mL/L, soluble in iso-octane, methanol and other organic solvents. Stable under general storage conditions, stable in acidic medium, easy to decompose in alkaline medium, corrosive to copper and brass.
Last Update：2025-06-10 22:55:16
Chlorpyriphos - Preparation Method
Open Data Verified Data
pentachloropyridine is obtained by chlorination of pyridine in the presence of a catalyst. Then with acetonitrile as solvent, at a certain temperature slowly drop add zinc powder/ammonium chloride aqueous solution, the reaction of 2,3,5,6 A four chloropyridine, after alkaline hydrolysis, 2 a hydroxyl group 3,5. 6-chloropyridine. This compound is reacted with 0.O-diethyl thiophosphoryl chloride and treated to obtain chlorpyrifos.
Last Update：2025-06-10 22:55:16
Chlorpyriphos - Introduction
This standard substance is mainly used for measuring instrument calibration, analytical method evaluation and quality control, as well as the content determination and residue detection of corresponding components in related fields such as food, hygiene, environment and agriculture. It can also be used for value traceability or as a standard liquid reserve solution. It is diluted step by step and configured into various standard solutions for work. 1. Sample Preparation This standard substance is made of pure chlorpyrifos with accurate purity and fixed value as raw material, chromatographic methanol as solvent, and accurately configured by weight-volume method. Chlorpyrifos, English name: Chlorpyrifos,CAS number: 2921-88-2 2. traceability and setting method This standard substance takes the configuration value as the standard value, and uses high performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector (HPLC-DAD) to compare this batch of standard substances with quality control control samples to verify the preparation value. By using preparation methods, measurement methods and measuring instruments that meet the requirements of metrological characteristics, the traceability of the value of the standard substance is guaranteed. 3. characteristic value and uncertainty (see certificate) number name standard value (ug/mL) relative expansion uncertainty (%)(k = 2)BW10278 The uncertainty of chlorpyrifos 1002 standard value in methanol is mainly composed of raw material purity, weighing, constant volume, uniformity, stability and other uncertainty components. 4. uniformity test and stability inspection According to the JJF1343-2012 [General Principles and Statistical Principles of Standard Substance Setting], random sampling of sub-packed samples is carried out, uniformity test of solution concentration is carried out, and stability inspection is carried out. The results show that the standard material has good uniformity and stability. The standard substance is valid for 18 months from the date of setting the value. The development unit will continue to monitor the stability of the standard substance. If the value changes are found during the validity period, the user will be notified in time. 5. packaging, transportation and storage, use and precautions 1. Packaging: This standard substance is packed in borosilicate glass ampoules, about 1.2 mL/branch. When removing or diluting, the pipette quantity shall prevail. 2. Transportation and storage: normal temperature transportation, transportation should avoid extrusion and collision; Storage under refrigerated and dark conditions. 3. Use: Balance at room temperature (20±3 ℃) before unsealing, and shake well. Once the ampoule is opened, it should be used immediately and cannot be used as a standard substance after being fused again.
Last Update：2022-10-16 17:24:19
Chlorpyriphos - Application
Open Data Verified Data
non-systemic, broad-spectrum insecticide with exposure, gastric toxicity and fumigation effects. For corn, cotton, soybean, peanut, sugar beet, fruit trees, vegetables and other crops. Control of mosquitoes, flies, cockroaches, termites and other domestic pests, granary pests and livestock ectoparasites. Generally processed into emulsifiable concentrates or granules. Can be mixed with non-alkaline pesticides.
Last Update：2025-08-19 16:24:40
Chlorpyriphos - Safety
Open Data Verified Data
The acute oral LD50 of male rats was 163mg/kg, the acute oral LD50 of female rats was 135mg/kg, the guinea pig was 500mg/kg, and the rabbit percutaneous LD50 was 2000mg/kg. It is highly toxic to bees, and toxic to prawn and fish. The maximum allowable concentration of indoor air is 0.2 mg/m3. The maximum allowable residue on citrus was 0. 3 mg/kg, 0.05mg/kg in cottonseed and cottonseed oil, 0.1 mg/kg in rice, and 0. 1 mg/kg in cabbage and lettuce.
Last Update：2022-01-01 10:11:23
Chlorpyriphos - Reference Information
| Henry's Law Constant | 8.19 at 5 °C, 20.7 at 15 °C, 22.7 at 20 °C, 35.5 at 25 °C, 146 at 35 °C:in 3% NaCl solution: 32.3at 5 °C, 82.9 at 15 °C, 301 at 25 °C, 535 at 35 °C (gas stripping-GC, Cetin et al., 2006) |
| LogP | 5.21 at 20℃ |
| NIST chemical information | Information provided by: webbook.nist.gov (external link) |
| EPA chemical information | Information provided by: ofmpub.epa.gov (external link) |
| toxicity | acute oral LD50 of male rats is 163 mg/kg, female is 135 mg/kg, guinea pig is 500 mg/kg; Acute oral LD50 of rabbits is 2000 mg/kg. It has mild irritation to animal eyes, obvious irritation to skin, and burns caused by repeated contact. The chronic oral non-effect dose for rats is 0.1 mg/kg per day. The LC50 of rainbow trout is 15mg/L (96h). Toxic to bees. |
| use | high efficiency, broad spectrum, low residue organophosphorus insecticide, with contact killing, stomach toxicity and fumigation effects, and no absorption effect. It can prevent tea geometrid, small green leafhopper, tea gall mite, cotton aphid, cotton red spider, rice planthopper, rice leaf roller, mosquito, fly, wheat armyworm, ectoparasites and underground pests of cattle and sheep. For example, to control rice planthoppers and rice leafhoppers, spray 7.5kg of water evenly with 40% emulsifiable concentrate of 12-18mL/100 m2 during the nymph period, and spray 7.5kg of 40% emulsifiable concentrate of 9-15mL/100 m2 for control of rice leaf roller and rice thrips; to control cotton leaf mites, spray 10.5-15mL/100 m2 of 40% emulsifiable concentrate of 7.3-11.3kg of water during the mite-forming period; spray 6kg of water with 40% emulsifiable concentrate of 7.5mL/100 m2 for control of cotton aphid; To control cotton bollworm and red bollworm, spray 7.5~15kg with 40% emulsifiable concentrate of 20mL/100 m2 in the young larval stage; To control soil pests, use 10g of active ingredient/100 m2; To control corn borer, spray with 8.1g of active ingredient/100 m2 or application of poisonous soil; To control tea geometrid and tea caterpillar, spray with 300~400 mg/kg liquid medicine at 2~3 years old. It is a phosphorothioate insecticide with contact, stomach poison and fumigation. The residual period on the leaves is not long, but the residual period in the soil is longer, so the control effect on underground pests is better. At the recommended dose, it has no phytotoxicity to most crops, but is sensitive to tobacco It is used for insecticidal and acaricidal use of various crops such as cotton, rice, corn, wheat and tea trees Non-systemic broad-spectrum insecticide, with contact, stomach toxicity and fumigation effects. Used for corn, cotton, soybeans, peanuts, sugar beets, fruit trees, vegetables, and control of various soil and foliar pests. It is also used to control domestic pests such as mosquitoes, cicadas, termites, granary pests and livestock ectoparasites. Toxicity: rat oral LD50135-163mg/kg. Non-systemic broad-spectrum insecticide, with contact, stomach poison and fumigation effects. Used for corn, cotton, soybeans, peanuts, geniuses, fruit trees, vegetables, to control a variety of soil and foliar pests. It is also used to control domestic pests such as mosquitoes, cockroaches, and termites. Granary pests and ectoparasites of domestic animals. Toxicity: rat oral LD50135-163mg/kg. |
| Production method | It is prepared by the reaction of diethyl thiophosphoryl chloride and 3,5, 6-trichloro-2-pyridinol. O,O-diethyl thiophosphoryl chloride preparation see the synthesis of quinothion. Preparation of 2-hydroxysodium -3,5, 6-trichloropyridine In the presence of a catalyst, pyridine reacts with chlorine at 330 ℃ to produce pentachloropyridine. Then, using acetonitrile as solvent, zinc powder/ammonium chloride aqueous solution was added dropwise at 78 ℃, and 2,3,5,6-tetrachloropyridine was obtained by reaction for 3h. Under alkaline conditions, tetrachloropyridine was hydrolyzed at 95~100 ℃, and sulfuric acid was acidified to pH 3.5 to obtain 2-hydroxy -3,5,6-trichloropyridine. It can also be used in the following process to prepare the corresponding hydroxychloropyridine. Chlorpyrifos synthesis 2-hydroxy -3,5,6-trichloropyridine is dissolved in NaOH aqueous solution, cooled, added a small amount of sodium chloride, sodium hydroxide, boric acid, benzyl triethylammonium chloride (phase transfer catalyst), 1-methylimidazole and solvent dichloromethane, heated to 42 ℃, added O,O-diethyl thiophosphoryl chloride under stirring, added and refluxed for 1.5h after addition, separated into aqueous phase, and the organic layer was washed with water and dissolved under reduced pressure, chlorpyrifos with 90.3% content was recrystallized with ethanol to obtain white solid, m p. 42.5~43 ℃. Chlorpyrifos can also be prepared by condensation of O,O-diethyl thiophosphoryl chloride and 2-hydroxysodium -3,5, 6-trichloropyridine in an inert solvent at 60~65 ℃. The double solvent method can also be used to react in the presence of catalyst. The temperature is controlled at 60 ℃, the reaction time is 3h, the pH value is 9~10, and the product yield and purity are above 94.4% and 95% respectively. |
| category | pesticide |
| toxicity classification | highly toxic |
| acute toxicity | oral-rat LD50: 82 mg/kg; Oral-mouse LD50: 60 mg/kg |
| flammability hazard characteristics | open flame combustible; thermal decomposition of toxic phosphorus oxide, sulfur oxide, nitrogen oxide, chloride gas |
| storage and transportation characteristics | warehouse ventilation and low temperature drying; separate from food raw materials storage and transportation |
| fire extinguishing agent | sand, dry powder, foam |
| occupational standard | TWA 0.2 mg/m3; STEL 0.6 mg/m3 |
| toxic substance data | information provided by: pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov (external link) |
Last Update：2024-04-09 20:49:11
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