Hydroxyacetonitrile
Hydroxyacetonitrile - Names and Identifiers
| Name | Hydroxyacetonitrile |
| Synonyms | HOCH2CN cyanomethanol Glykolonitril GLYCOLONITRILE Hydroxyacetonitrile HYDROXYACETONITRILE GLYCOLIC ACID NITRILE 2-Hydroxyacetonitrile 2-Hydroxymethylnitrile FORMALDEHYDE CYANHYDRIN FORMALDEHYDE CYANOHYDRIN |
| CAS | 107-16-4 |
| EINECS | 203-469-1 |
| InChI | InChI=1/C2H3NO/c3-1-2-4/h4H,2H2 |
Hydroxyacetonitrile - Physico-chemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | C2H3NO |
| Molar Mass | 57.05 |
| Density | 1.076g/mLat 20°C |
| Melting Point | -72°C |
| Boling Point | 183°C |
| Flash Point | 133°F |
| Water Solubility | >=10 g/100 mL at 20 ºC |
| Vapor Presure | 0.0593mmHg at 25°C |
| pKa | 11.31±0.10(Predicted) |
| Stability | Stable, but may react violently with alkalies. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents. |
| Refractive Index | n20/D 1.389 |
| Physical and Chemical Properties | Melting point -72°C boiling point 183°C density 1.076g/mL at 20°C refractive index n20/D 1.389 flash point 133 F water solubility> = 10g/100 mL at 20°C |
| Use | Can be used as the production of glycine, malononitrile, indigo dye intermediates |
Hydroxyacetonitrile - Nature
Open Data Verified Data
colorless oily liquid. Melting Point -67 °c. Boiling point 183 °c. The relative density was 1.100. Soluble in ethanol, ether. Easy to polymerize.
Last Update：2025-06-10 22:55:16
Hydroxyacetonitrile - Preparation Method
Open Data Verified Data
- obtained by reacting formaldehyde with hydrocyanic acid in the presence of a catalyst.
- In addition, hydroxyacetonitrile can also be obtained from ethanol and ammonia by gas phase catalysis.
Last Update：2022-01-01 10:36:53
Hydroxyacetonitrile - Application
Open Data Verified Data
raw materials for organic synthesis.
Last Update：2025-08-19 16:24:40
Hydroxyacetonitrile - Safety
Open Data Verified Data
This product is highly toxic. Easily absorbed through the skin, because it is easy to decompose into formaldehyde and hydrogen cyanide, so it has almost the same degree of toxicity with hydrogen cyanide, can cause Head Pain, dizziness, Nausea, Vomit, weakness, ataxia, temperature increased. Cyanide is found in the blood. The oral LD50 for rats is about 8 mg/kg, and the toxicity is very strong, and even if it is not inhaled, it can be lethal to the human body when it is splash on the clothes. Workplace should have good communication
Last Update：2022-01-01 10:36:53
Hydroxyacetonitrile - Reference Information
| NIST chemical information | Information provided by: webbook.nist.gov (external link) |
| EPA chemical information | Information provided by: ofmpub.epa.gov (external link) |
| use | organic synthetic raw materials. It can be used as an intermediate for the production of glycine, malononitrile, and indigo dyes |
| production method | 1. It is obtained by the reaction of formaldehyde and potassium cyanide. Slowly add 37% formaldehyde aqueous solution to potassium cyanide aqueous solution, and control the temperature not to exceed 10 ℃. After standing for 10min, stir below 10 ℃ and add dilute sulfuric acid to pH 1.9. Then add 5% potassium hydroxide solution dropwise to a pH of about 3.0, then add ether, and filter the produced potassium sulfate. The filtrate was extracted with ether. After drying, the ether is evaporated, the residue is distilled under reduced pressure, and the fraction at about 100 ℃(1.33kPa) is collected to obtain the finished product. 2. It is prepared by reacting formaldehyde and hydrocyanic acid in the presence of a catalyst. In addition, hydroxyacetonitrile can also be prepared by gas phase catalysis of ethanol and ammonia. |
| toxic substance data | information provided by: pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov (external link) |
Last Update：2024-04-09 02:00:05
