Mesitylene
Mesitylene
CAS: 108-67-8
Molecular Formula: C9H12
Mesitylene - Names and Identifiers
| Name | Mesitylene |
| Synonyms | Mesitylene 3,5-dimethyltoluene sym-trimethylbenzene 1,3,5-trimethyl-benzen 1,3,5-Trimethylbenzene 1,3,5-Trimethyl Benzene 1,3,5-Trimethylbenzene Standard 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene(1,3,5-tmb) Mcsitylene(1,3,5-Trimethy1benzenc) 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene (mesitylene) 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene single component 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene neat*standard for epa |
| CAS | 108-67-8 |
| EINECS | 203-604-4 |
| InChI | InChI=1/C9H12/c1-7-4-8(2)6-9(3)5-7/h4-6H,1-3H3 |
| InChIKey | AUHZEENZYGFFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
Mesitylene - Physico-chemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | C9H12 |
| Molar Mass | 120.19 |
| Density | 0.864 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.) |
| Melting Point | -45 °C |
| Boling Point | 163-166°C(lit.) |
| Flash Point | 112°F |
| Water Solubility | 2.9 g/L (20 ºC) |
| Solubility | Miscible with alcohol, benzene, ether (Windholz et al., 1983), and trimethylbenzene isomers. |
| Vapor Presure | 14 mm Hg ( 55 °C) |
| Vapor Density | 4.1 (vs air) |
| Appearance | Liquid |
| Color | Clear colorless |
| Exposure Limit | NIOSH REL: TWA 25 ppm (125 mg/m3); ACGIH TLV: TWA for mixedisomers 25 ppm (adopted). |
| Merck | 14,5907 |
| BRN | 906806 |
| pKa | >14 (Schwarzenbach et al., 1993) |
| Storage Condition | 2-8°C |
| Stability | Stable. Combustible. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents. |
| Explosive Limit | 0.88-6.1%, 100°F |
| Refractive Index | n20/D 1.499(lit.) |
| Physical and Chemical Properties | Character: colorless transparent liquid. melting point -44.7 ℃(α-type),-51 ℃ boiling point 164.7 ℃ relative density 0.8652 refractive index 1.4994 flash point 44 ℃ solubility insoluble in water, soluble in ethanol, can be dissolved in any proportion of benzene, ether, acetone. |
| Use | For the production of trimesic acid and antioxidants, epoxy resin curing agent, polyester resin stabilizer, alkyd resin plasticizer and dye |
Mesitylene - Risk and Safety
| Risk Codes | R10 - Flammable R37 - Irritating to the respiratory system R51/53 - Toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. R39/23/24/25 - R23/24/25 - Toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. R11 - Highly Flammable R37/38 - Irritating to respiratory system and skin. |
| Safety Description | S61 - Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions / safety data sheets. S45 - In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label whenever possible.) S36/37 - Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves. S16 - Keep away from sources of ignition. S7 - Keep container tightly closed. |
| UN IDs | UN 2325 3/PG 3 |
| WGK Germany | 2 |
| RTECS | OX6825000 |
| FLUKA BRAND F CODES | 10 |
| TSCA | Yes |
| HS Code | 29029080 |
| Hazard Note | Irritant/Flammable |
| Hazard Class | 3 |
| Packing Group | III |
| Toxicity | LD50 (inhalation) for rats 24 g/m3/4-h (quoted, RTECS, 1985). |
Mesitylene - Upstream Downstream Industry
| Raw Materials | Propylene 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene |
| Downstream Products | 1,3,5-Benzenetricarboxylic acid 3,5-Dimethylbenzoic acid 2,4,6-Trimethylaniline |
Mesitylene - Nature
Open Data Verified Data
colorless transparent liquid. Melting point Type A -45 °c; p-type -51 °c. Boiling point 164.7 °c. Relative density (dio) 0.864. Refractive index (nDo) 4994. Flash point 44. Spontaneous ignition point 550. Insoluble in water, soluble in ethanol, can be dissolved in any proportion of benzene, ether, acetone.
Last Update：2025-06-10 22:55:16
Mesitylene - Preparation Method
Open Data Verified Data
- derived from the separation of C9 aromatics.
- About 11.8% of the toluene was found in the reforming heavy aromatics. However, due to its boiling point (164.7 ℃) and the O-methyl ethyl benzene boiling point is very similar (165. 15 ℃) by distillation method is difficult to separate.
- In an isomerization method using meta-trimethylbenzene as a raw material, meta-trimethylbenzene was fractionated to obtain a single-pass yield of 21.6%. The purity was more than 95%. At the same time by-product 4%~ 7% of the four toluene and 9% of xylene.
Last Update：2022-01-01 10:39:22
Mesitylene - Application
Open Data Verified Data
organic synthesis raw materials, for the preparation of trimesic acid, and antioxidants, epoxy resin curing agent, polyester resin stabilizer, alkyd resin plasticizer, the preparation of 2,4,6 and three methyl aniline for the production of reactive brilliant blue, k-3R and other dyes.
Last Update：2025-08-19 16:24:40
Mesitylene - Safety
Open Data Verified Data
- The toxicity strength was the same as that of xylene. Stimulate the nose and throat, cause Pneumonia, damage to the nervous system and liver skin contact can make it degreasing. Air concentration (7000~9000) x 10 -6, the mice can stop the reflex. The maximum allowable concentration in air is l25mg/m3. The operation site should be well ventilated, and the operator should wear protective equipment. It shall be stored in a fire-proof manner to avoid sun exposure, and stored separately from the oxidizing agent. It shall be handled with light load to prevent package breakage.
- shall be placed in an iron drum with a thickness of not less than 1. 2mm, tightly closed, and the net weight of each barrel shall not exceed 200kg. It should be tightly sealed in ceramic squares, plastic barrels and glass bottles, and then packed in wooden boxes. The box should be filled with incombustible material, and the box should be tightly tied with iron wire or iron sheet. The net weight of each case shall not exceed sokg. Marked with "flammable items.
Last Update：2022-01-01 10:39:23
Mesitylene - Reference Information
Open Data Unverified Data
| olfactory Threshold | 0.17ppm |
| Henry's Law Constant | 4.03, 4.60, 5.71, 6.73, and 9.63 at 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 °C, respectively (EPICS, Ashworth et al.,1988) |
| LogP | 3.42 at 20℃ |
| NIST chemical information | information provided by: webbook.nist.gov (external link) |
| EPA chemical substance information | information provided by: ofmpeb.epa.gov (external link) |
| Overview | mesitylene (also known as 1,3, 5-trimethylbenzene, molecular formula C9H12) the molecular structure is that the benzene ring C atom forms a sigma bond with sp2 hybrid orbitals, and the other C atoms form a sigma bond with sp3 hybrid orbitals, which is a functional group existing in various organic compounds. It is an aromatic hydrocarbon in which three hydrogens on the benzene ring are symmetrically substituted with three methyl groups. It is widely found in coal tar and some petroleum. It is a colorless liquid, toxic, flammable and explosive. Freezing point -44.72 °c, melting point -44.7 °c, boiling point 164.7 °c, relative density 0.8652(20/4 °c). 1,3, 5-benzenetricarboxylic acid can be produced by the oxidation of mesitylene with dilute nitric acid. The pure mesitylene is prepared by the gas phase catalytic dehydration of acetone at 300~500 ℃. |
| Application | mesitylene is an important organic chemical raw material, the use of mesitylene can develop trimethylbenzene, trimellitic acid, benzoic anhydride and other dye intermediates can also be used in the production of antioxidants, polyester resin curing agents, stabilizers, alkyd resin plasticizers. Since mesitylene is a good solvent, it is flammable, irritating, and has a low freezing point. In the electronics industry, it is used as a developer for silicone sensitive sheets. Mesitylene is also a common volatile organic compound (VOC) in cities and is mainly produced by combustion. It plays an important role in many atmospheric chemical reactions (including the formation of aerosol and tropospheric ozone). Since the three hydrogens on the aromatic ring have the same chemical environment, the proton NMR spectrum of mesitylene gives only one peak area near 6.8ppm corresponding to a single peak of three hydrogens. Accordingly, mesitylene is sometimes used as an internal standard in the nuclear magnetic resonance measurement of an organic sample containing an aromatic proton. |
| Application | for the production of trimesic acid and antioxidants, epoxy resin curing agent, polyester resin stabilizer, alkyd resin plasticizer and dye, etc. organic synthesis raw materials, used for the preparation of trimesic acid, and antioxidants, epoxy resin curing agent, polyester resin stabilizer, alkyd resin plasticizer, preparation 2,4, 6-trimethylaniline for the production of reactive brilliant blue, K-3R and other dyes. used as analytical reagents, solvents, also used in organic synthesis, etc |
| production method | 1. Derived from the separation of C9 aromatics. 2. All the heavy aromatic hydrocarbons in the reforming were About 11.8% of the three toluene. But because of its boiling point (164.7 deg C) and O-methyl ethyl benzene boiling point is very similar (165.15 deg C), the distillation method is difficult to separate. 3. The single pass yield of 1,3, 5-trimethylbenzene was 21.6% and the purity was more than 95% by the isomerization method using trimethylbenzene as raw material, at the same time, the by-product has 4%-7% of the four toluene and 9% of the xylene. The average temperature of the reactor bed is 260 ℃, the pressure is 2.35MPa, the empty bed is 1.0 h-1, the molar ratio of reforming hydrogen to oil is 10:1, the catalyst is aluminum-hydrogen-deficient mordenite: copper: nickel: Binder = 85.2:0.5:15. Under these conditions, the conversion of trimethylbenzene was 46%, the selectivity was 47%, and the single pass yield of Mesitylene was 21.6%. The separation and isomerization of xylene were carried out in HF-BF3 by Mitsubishi Gas Company of Japan, and the by-product contained high boiling substance with high concentration of 1,3, 5-trimethylbenzene, The product can be obtained by distillation. Acetone in sulfuric acid catalyzed dehydration synthesis with 13%-15% yield can be obtained. 4600G (79mol) of industrial acetone are cooled to 0-5 °c and 4160ml of concentrated sulfuric acid are added with stirring at a temperature not exceeding 10 °c. The mixture was stirred for 3-4H and left at room temperature for 18-24h. The product was subjected to steam distillation to separate 1,3, 5-trimethylbenzene, followed by alkali washing and water washing. The 210 °c fraction was collected by distillation, and 15g of sodium metal was added to the fraction and heated to near boiling point, two/3 of the liquid was distilled off, and the residue was distilled to 210 ° C., and the fraction at 163-167 ° C. Was collected by high-efficiency fractional distillation to obtain 430-470g1,3, 5-trimethylbenzene. |
| category | flammable liquid |
| toxicity grade | low toxicity |
| Acute toxicity | inhalation-rat LC50: 24000 mg/m3/4 h |
| stimulation data | Skin-rabbits 20 mg/24 h moderate; eye-rabbit 500 mg/24 h mild |
| flammability hazard characteristics | flammable in case of open flame, high temperature and oxidant; combustion-induced smoke |
| storage and transportation characteristics | The warehouse is ventilated and dried at low temperature; It is stored separately from the oxidant |
| extinguishing agent | dry powder, dry sand, carbon dioxide, foam, 1211 extinguishing agent |
| Occupational Standard | TWA 120 mg/m3; Tel 170 mg/m3 |
| spontaneous combustion temperature | 1022 ° F. |
| toxic substance data | information provided by: pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov (external link) |
Last Update：2024-04-10 11:23:39
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Raw Materials for Mesitylene
Downstream Products for Mesitylene