Niclosamide
niclosamide
CAS: 50-65-7
Molecular Formula: C13H8Cl2N2O4
Niclosamide - Names and Identifiers
Niclosamide - Physico-chemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | C13H8Cl2N2O4 |
| Molar Mass | 327.12 |
| Density | 1.6646 (rough estimate) |
| Melting Point | 225-230° |
| Boling Point | 424.5±45.0 °C(Predicted) |
| Flash Point | 204.122°C |
| Water Solubility | 13.32mg/L(25 ºC) |
| Solubility | acetone: methanol: soluble50mg/mL (methanol:acetone (1:1)) |
| Vapor Presure | 0mmHg at 25°C |
| Appearance | Pale yellow solid |
| Color | Yellow |
| BRN | 2820605 |
| pKa | 7.45±0.43(Predicted) |
| Storage Condition | Sealed in dry,Room Temperature |
| Stability | Stable for 2 years from date of purchase as supplied. Solutions in DMSO or ethanol may be stored at -20° for up to 3 months. |
| Refractive Index | 1.6200 (estimate) |
| MDL | MFCD00057597 |
| Physical and Chemical Properties | Yellowish white crystalline powder, odorless, tasteless. Melting point 225-230 °c. Insoluble in water, soluble in hot ethanol, chloroform, cyclohexanone, ether and sodium hydroxide solution. |
| Use | Used as an anti-helminth drug |
Niclosamide - Risk and Safety
| Risk Codes | 50 - Very Toxic to aquatic organisms |
| Safety Description | 29 - Do not empty into drains. |
| UN IDs | UN 3077 9/PG 3 |
| WGK Germany | 2 |
| RTECS | VN8400000 |
| HS Code | 29242990 |
| Toxicity | LD50 oral in rat: 2500mg/kg |
Niclosamide - Nature
Open Data Verified Data
yellow-white crystalline powder, odorless, tasteless. The melting point was 225-230 °c. Insoluble in water, soluble in hot ethanol, chloroform.
Last Update：2024-01-02 23:10:35
Niclosamide - Preparation Method
Open Data Verified Data
2 monochloro-4-nitroaniline and 5 monochlorosalicylic acid are dissolved in xylene (or chlorobenzene) in an equimolar ratio, and phosphorus trichloride (or phosphorus oxychloride) is slowly added under boiling, refluxed and cooled, the crystals were filtered off as Niclosamide.
Last Update：2025-06-10 22:55:16
Niclosamide - Application
Open Data Verified Data
The new anti-tapeworm drug has effect on a variety of Hook and non-hook tapeworm. Can be used to fight pigs and cattle and other animals in the body of the tapeworm, can also be used to kill the water snail, freshwater snails, the snail and snail eggs are effective.
Last Update：2025-08-19 16:24:40
Niclosamide - Reference Information
| EPA chemical information | Information provided by: ofmpub.epa.gov (external link) |
| anti-parasitic disease drugs | niclosamide, also known as metaenol, yumisheng, and schistosomiasis control -67, belongs to the anti-parasitic disease drugs The tapeworm repellent has low toxicity and has high curative effect on a variety of tapeworms. The tapeworm mechanism is to hinder the tricarboxylic acid cycle of tapeworms, so that lactic acid accumulates and causes the death of the worm. It is the first choice for the prevention and treatment of tapeworm. Oral absorption is very small from the gastrointestinal tract, so that it maintains a high concentration in the intestine, and has a strong insecticidal effect on pork tapeworms, beef tapeworms and short membranous tapeworms. Low concentration of the drug can promote the uptake of oxygen by the worm body, and high concentration can inhibit the oxidative phosphorylation reaction of the worm body mitochondria, hinder the absorption and uptake of glucose, resulting in the death of the tapeworm head segment and the proximal segment, falling off from the intestinal wall and excreted with feces. Mainly used for tapeworm infection, and can also be used as a snail killing medicine, which can kill Oncomelania, snail eggs, schistosome cercariae and miraciae. High snail control rate, slow effect, long residual effect, used to prevent schistosomiasis, the effect is better at temperatures above 20 ℃. In addition, this product is harmless to humans, animals and plants, and is very toxic to fish, so fish ponds are forbidden. A chemical synthetic anthelmintic code-named Bayer 73 reported in Germany in 1960 is niclosamide, which is a light yellow powder, odorless and tasteless. Almost insoluble in water, slightly soluble in ethanol, ether and chloroform, soluble in hot ethanol, cyclohexanone and sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, the compound is stable. Niclosamide has a good effect on beef tapeworm, pork tapeworm, short membranous tapeworm and schizocephalus lobata. The drug is rarely absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract. When the drug comes into contact with the worm body, the worm body quickly dies. Therefore, when taking the medicine, the tablets should be chewed to make the medicine fully contact with the tapeworm body, and avoid drinking a lot of water immediately to keep the medicine concentration in the upper part of the small intestine where the tapeworm is parasitic. This medicine kills adults but cannot kill eggs. In order to prevent vomiting, the eggs will flow back into the stomach, and the risk of cysticercosis occurs. Antiemetic should be added before taking the medicine. Two hours after taking the medicine, magnesium sulfate should be taken for catharsis to remove worms and cracked head segments and fragments. The toxicity of this drug is low, and the oral LD50 of rats is 5g/kg. This product can also be made into soluble snail-killing drugs with amino ethanol. The trade name is shelluozide (bayluscide). In China, niclosamide and alkali-containing pulp waste liquid are made into soluble pulp paste, called schistosomiasis -67. These can be used to kill the intermediate host snails of Schistosoma japonicum. When killing snails, the amount of spraying or soaking is 1g/m2. The pulp paste used on site (I. e. schistosomiasis -67) contains 50% niclosamide. Adverse oral reactions are mild. In addition to gastrointestinal reactions, there are occasional dizziness, chest tightness, fever and other discomfort. No damage to liver, kidney and blood system. |
| use | new tapeworm killing drugs can be used to repel tapeworms in animals such as pigs and cattle. You can also kill snails. Used as an anti-worm drug It can be used to prevent and control snails, etc. Oncomelania snails and molluscs are used to kill water snails and freshwater snails, and are effective against snails and snails. It can also be used as a tapeworm repellent to repel beef tapeworms and pork tapeworms. a strong mollusk killer |
| production method | 2-chloro -4-nitroaniline (see 09320) and 5-chlorosalicylic acid are dissolved in xylene (or chlorobenzene) in an equal molar ratio, slowly add phosphorus trichloride (or phosphorus oxychloride) under boiling, after adding, continue to reflux for 3 hours, cool, and filter out the crystal to be chloronazimine. The same amount of 2-chloro-4-nitroaniline and 5-chlorosalicylic acid are dissolved in xylene (or chlorobenzene), heated to boiling, and then slowly add phosphorus trichloride (or phosphorus oxychloride), Then continue to reflux for 3 hours. After cooling, the crystals are filtered out, which is the product. |
| category | pesticide |
| toxicity classification | poisoning |
| acute toxicity | oral-rat LD50: 2500 mg/kg; Oral-mouse LD50: 1000 mg/kg |
| flammability hazard characteristics | combustion produces toxic chloride and nitrogen oxide gas |
| storage and transportation characteristics | warehouse ventilation and low temperature drying; separate from food raw materials storage and transportation |
| fire extinguishing agent | dry powder, foam, sand |
| toxic substance data | information provided by: pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov (external link) |
Last Update：2024-04-10 22:29:15
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