bernsteinsaure

bernsteinsaure - Names and Identifiers

Name	Succinic Acid
Synonyms	asuccin amber acid katasuccin butanedioate Succinic Acid wormwood acid Butane diacid bernsteinsaure Butanedioic acid Succinic acid ACS Succinic acid,ACS SUCCINIC ACID FCC kyselina jantarova dihydrofumaric acid ethylenesuccinic acid bernsteinsaure (german) SUCCINIC ACID EXTRA PURE ethylene dicarboxylic acid 1,2-ethanedicarboxylic acid Ethane-1,2-dicarboxylic acid Butandisαure(Hochtemperaturform,α-Form)
CAS	110-15-6
EINECS	203-740-4
InChI	InChI=1/C4H6O4/c5-3(6)1-2-4(7)8/h1-2H2,(H,5,6)(H,7,8)/p-2
InChIKey	KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N

bernsteinsaure - Physico-chemical Properties

Molecular Formula	C4H6O4
Molar Mass	118.09
Density	1.19g/mLat 25°C(lit.)
Melting Point	185 °C
Boling Point	235 °C
Flash Point	>230°F
Water Solubility	80 g/L (20 ºC)
Solubility	Soluble in water, slightly soluble in ethanol, ether, acetone, glycerin. Insoluble in chloroform and dichloromethane.
Vapor Presure	0-0Pa at 25℃
Appearance	White crystal
Color	White to off-white
Merck	14,8869
BRN	1754069
pKa	4.16(at 25℃)
PH	3.65(1 mM solution);3.12(10 mM solution);2.61(100 mM solution);
Storage Condition	2-8°C
Stability	Stable. Substances to be avoided include strong bases, strong oxidizing agents. Combustible.
Sensitive	Easily absorbing moisture
Refractive Index	n20/D 1.4002(lit.)
MDL	MFCD00002789
Physical and Chemical Properties	Characteristics of colorless crystals, acid. melting point 188 ℃ boiling point 235 ℃ (decomposition) relative density 1.572 solubility, ethanol and ether. Insoluble in chloroform and dichloromethane.
Use	Mainly used for the preparation of succinic anhydride, succinic acid esters and other derivatives, used as raw materials for coatings, dyes, adhesives, drugs and so on

bernsteinsaure - Risk and Safety

Hazard Symbols	Xi - Irritant
Risk Codes	R37/38 - Irritating to respiratory system and skin. R41 - Risk of serious damage to eyes R36/37/38 - Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin.
Safety Description	S26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. S36/37/39 - Wear suitable protective clothing, gloves and eye/face protection. S37/39 - Wear suitable gloves and eye/face protection S39 - Wear eye / face protection.
UN IDs	UN 3265 8/PG 3
WGK Germany	1
RTECS	WM4900000
TSCA	Yes
HS Code	29171990
Toxicity	LD50 orally in Rabbit: 2260 mg/kg

bernsteinsaure - Upstream Downstream Industry

Downstream Products

N-Chlorosuccinimide
Diethyl succinate

bernsteinsaure - Reference

Reference

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8. Gong Fangfang, Fan Weiguo Effects of exogenous citric acid on nutrient activation in calcareous yellow soil and nutrient absorption and growth of Rosa roxburghii seedlings [J] China Agricultural Sciences, 2018.
9. Pu Yunfeng, Ding Tian, Zhong Jianjun, et al Nutritional quality and antioxidant analysis of 12 kinds of dried fruits in Xinjiang [J] Chinese Journal of Food, 2019, 19 (05): 293-300.
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29. Wei, Jianping, et al. "Chemical composition, sensorial properties, and aroma-active compounds of ciders fermented with Hanseniaspora osmophila and Torulaspora quercuum in co-and sequential fermentations." Food chemistry 306 (2020): 125623.https://doi.org/1
30. Wei, Jianping, et al. "Chemical composition, sensorial properties, and aroma-active compounds of ciders fermented with Hanseniaspora osmophila and Torulaspora quercuum in co-and sequential fermentations." Food chemistry 306 (2020): 125623.https://doi.org/1
31. Huixin Yan, Dandan Kong, Xinyue Li, Jiaoyang Luo, Zhuowen Fan, Meihua Yang, Multi-channel electroanalysis of As (III), Hg and Cu in the complex matrix of Bombyx batryticatus after pre-purification, Microchemical Journal, Volume 155, 2020, 104707, ISSN 0026
32. Gao, Yu-Zhuang, Tian-Xiao Chang, and Yi-Xian Wu. "In-situ preparation and properties of bio-renewable acylated sodium alginate-g-polytetrahydrofuran/Ag-NPs nanocomposites." Applied Surface Science 483 (2019): 1027-1036.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2019
33. Wang, Haoyu, Yan Huang, and Chuanhe Zhu. "Effects of lactic acid bacteria fermentation on organic acids, volatile aroma components, and sensory quality of Hawthorn pulp." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. Vol. 267. No. 6. IOP Publishi
34. Xu, Xinxing, et al. "Correlation between autochthonous microbial communities and key odorants during the fermentation of red pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)." Food Microbiology 91 (2020): 103510.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fm.2020.103510
35. Peng, Wanying, et al. "Effect of the apple cultivar on cloudy apple juice fermented by a mixture of Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus plantarum, and Lactobacillus fermentum." Food Chemistry 340 (2021): 127922.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.
36. [IF=3.757] Yuchen Wang et al."Metabolic profile of ginkgo kernel juice fermented with lactic aicd bacteria: A potential way to degrade ginkgolic acids and enrich terpene lactones and phenolics."Process Biochem. 2019 Jan;76:25
37. [IF=7.514] Jianping Wei et al."Chemical composition, sensorial properties, and aroma-active compounds of ciders fermented with Hanseniaspora osmophila and Torulaspora quercuum in co- and sequential fermentations."Food Chem. 2020 Feb;306:125623
38. [IF=7.514] Hongcai Li et al."Study on the nutritional characteristics and antioxidant activity of dealcoholized sequentially fermented apple juice with Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Lactobacillus plantarum fermentation."Food Chem. 2021 Nov;363:130351
39. [IF=6.429] Limei Wang et al."Changes in cell wall metabolism and flavor qualities of mushrooms (Agaricus bernardii) under EMAP treatments during storage."Food Packaging Shelf. 2021 Sep;29:100732
40. [IF=6.057] Chenglong Sun et al."1,1′-binaphthyl-2,2′-diamine as a novel MALDI matrix to enhance the in situ imaging of metabolic heterogeneity in lung cancer."Talanta. 2020 Mar;209:120557
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43. [IF=5.279] Derui Zhang et al."Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Molecular Mechanism of GABA Accumulation during Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) Germination."J Agr Food Chem. 2021;69(41):12171–12186
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bernsteinsaure - Nature

Open Data Verified Data

colorless or white prismatic or plate-like crystals. No odor. mp185 ~ 187 deg C; bp235 deg C (decomposition);dl. 56. lg is soluble in 13 mL cold water, 1 mL boiling water, 18. 5mL ethanol, 113 mL ether, 36mL acetone, 20mL glycerol, 6. 3ml methanol, almost insoluble in benzene, carbon disulfide, carbon tetrachloride, petroleum ether. Its 0. Imol/L aqueous solution pH 2.7. Flammable in case of open flame and high heat. By high heat decomposition, emission of irritating smoke. Its powder and air can form an explosive mixture, when it reaches a certain concentration, when Mars will be an explosion.

Last Update：2025-06-10 22:55:16

bernsteinsaure - Preparation Method

Open Data Verified Data

succinic acid is produced by hydrogenation of maleic anhydride or fumaric acid under the action of a catalyst, and then separated to obtain a finished product. Alternatively, paraffin is oxidized to form a mixture of various carboxylic acids, and then subjected to separation processes such as steam distillation and crystallization to obtain succinic acid.

Last Update：2022-01-01 09:26:43

bernsteinsaure - Standard

Authoritative Data Verified Data

This product is succinic acid, containing C4Hs0 4 should be 99.0% ~ 100.

Last Update：2024-01-02 23:10:35

bernsteinsaure - Trait

Authoritative Data Verified Data

This product is white crystal.
This product is soluble in methanol, soluble in ethanol or water, slightly soluble in acetone.

melting point

The melting point of this product (General rule 0612 first method) is 185 ~ 19CTC.

Last Update：2022-01-01 11:26:04

bernsteinsaure - Application

Open Data Verified Data

used as an alkaline method standard reagent, a buffer, and a gas chromatography comparative sample. For the determination of cerium, copper, lanthanum, scandium, ytterbium, yttrium, nitrite, determination of iron, lead.

Last Update：2025-08-19 16:24:40

bernsteinsaure - Differential diagnosis

Authoritative Data Verified Data

The infrared absorption spectrum of this product should be consistent with that of the reference product (General rule 0402).

Last Update：2022-01-01 11:26:04

bernsteinsaure - Safety

Open Data Verified Data

It has a certain stimulating effect on eyes, skin and mucosa, and has no toxic effect on the whole body. Large oral doses can cause Vomit and Diarrhea. Staff should be protected and good ventilation conditions should be applied in the workplace. Store in a cool, ventilated warehouse. Keep away from fire and heat source. Protection from direct sunlight. Keep the container sealed. Should be stored separately from the oxidant, alkali.

Last Update：2025-06-10 22:55:16

bernsteinsaure - Exam

Authoritative Data Verified Data

ignition residue

This product shall be taken and inspected according to law (General rule 0841). The remaining residue shall not exceed 0. 025%.

Heavy metals

take this product l .O g, add water 20ml to dissolve, adjust p H value to 3 with 6mol/L ammonia solution. 0 to 4 .0, diluted with water to 0821, inspected according to law (general principles the first law), containing heavy metals should not exceed 20 parts per million.

Last Update：2022-01-01 11:26:04

bernsteinsaure - Content determination

Authoritative Data Verified Data

take this product about 0.25g, precision weighing, add new boiling cold water 25ml dissolved, add phenolphthalein indicator solution 2~3 drops, with sodium hydroxide titration solution (0.lmol/L) titrated until the solution was pink. Each 1 ml of sodium hydroxide titration solution (0.1 mol/L) corresponds to 5.905 mg of C4H604.

Last Update：2022-01-01 11:26:05

bernsteinsaure - Category

Authoritative Data Verified Data

pharmaceutical excipients, buffers and p H value regulators.

Last Update：2022-01-01 11:26:05

bernsteinsaure - Storage

Authoritative Data Verified Data

sealed storage.

Last Update：2022-01-01 11:26:05

bernsteinsaure - Reference Information

FEMA	4719 \| SUCCINIC ACID
LogP	-0.59
NIST chemical information	Information provided by: webbook.nist.gov (external link)
EPA chemical information	Information provided by: ofmpub.epa.gov (external link)
use	flavoring agent, flavor enhancer. In the food industry, succinic acid can be used as a food sour agent for flavoring wine, feed, candy, etc. It can also be used as improvers, flavor substances and antibacterial agents in the food industry. It can be used in the pharmaceutical industry to produce sulfa drugs, vitamin A, vitamin B and other antispasmodic agents, loose sputum agents, diuretics and hemostatic drugs. As a chemical reagent, it is used as a standard reagent, buffer, and gas chromatography comparison sample. It can also be used as a raw material for lubricants and surfactants. Prevent metal dissolution and pitting in electroplating industry. As surfactant, detergent additive and foaming agent. Used as chemical reagents and chromatographic analysis reagents, and also used for the preparation of buffers Succinic acid is used in the chemical industry to produce dyes, alkyd resins, glass fiber reinforced plastics, ion exchange resins and pesticides, etc.; In the pharmaceutical industry, it is used to synthesize sedatives, contraceptives and cancer treatments. In addition, it can also be used for analytical reagents, food iron fortifier, flavoring agents, etc. Packaging and storage: industrial woven bags lined with plastic bags. Net weight of each bag is 25kg. Boutique (woven bag) or designated It is mainly used to prepare derivatives such as succinic anhydride and succinic acid esters, and is used as a raw material for coatings, dyes, adhesives, drugs, etc. Sucinic acid is an intermediate of the fungicide Sclerotinia and the plant growth regulator butyryl hydrazide. Mainly used to prepare pentaheterocyclic compounds such as succinic anhydride. It is also used to prepare alkyd resins (alkyd resins produced from succinic acid have good flexibility, elasticity and water resistance.), paints, dyes (the diphenyl ester of succinic acid is an intermediate of dyes, which reacts with amino anthraquinone to form anthraquinone dyes.), Food flavoring agent (succinic acid can also be used as food sour agent for flavoring wine, feed, candy, etc.), photographic materials, etc. It can be used in the pharmaceutical industry to produce sulfa drugs, vitamin A, vitamin B and other antispasmodic agents, loose sputum agents, diuretics and hemostatic drugs. As a chemical reagent, it is used as a standard reagent, buffer, and gas chromatography comparison sample. It can also be used as a raw material for lubricants and surfactants. Used in the manufacture of medicines, fragrances, dyes and paints Alkalometric standards, verification of cerium, copper, lanthanum, thorium, ytterbium, yttrium and nitrite, separation and determination of iron and aluminum, buffers, Organic synthesis, gas chromatography comparison samples. organic synthesis, preparation of pentaheterocyclic compounds; alkali method standard; verification of cerium, copper, lanthanum, scandium, ytterbium, yttrium and nitrite; separation and determination of iron and aluminum; gas chromatography analysis standard Basic organic chemical raw materials. Mainly used in coatings, dyes, adhesives and medicine. Alkyd resin produced from succinic acid has good flexure, elasticity and water resistance. The diphenyl ester of succinic acid is an intermediate of dyes, which reacts with amino anthraquinone to form anthraquinone dyes. It can be used in the pharmaceutical industry to produce sulfa drugs, vitamin A, vitamin B and hemostatic drugs. In addition, succinic acid is also widely used in paper manufacturing and textile industries, and can also be used as a raw material for lubricants, photographic chemicals and surfactants. Succinic acid can also be used as a food sour agent for seasoning wine, feed, candy, etc.
application	succinic acid is used in the chemical industry to produce dyes, alkyd resins, glass fiber reinforced plastics, ion exchange resins and pesticides, etc. In addition, it can also be used for analytical reagents, food iron fortifier, flavoring agents, etc.
content analysis	accurately weigh the sample about 250mg, dissolve it in 25ml of newly boiled and cooled water, add several drops of phenolphthalein test solution (TS-167), titrate it with 0.1mol/L sodium hydroxide until it appears light red, and maintain it for at least 30s. 0.1mol/L sodium hydroxide per ml is equivalent to 5.904mg of succinic acid (C4H6O4).
usage limit	GRAS(FDA,§ 184.1091,2000). ADI does not make special provisions (EEC,1990). LD50 2260mg/kg (rat, oral).
production method	succinic acid not only exists in amber, but also widely exists in the tissues of many plants and animals. There are many industrial methods, mainly the following: 1. Oxidation paraffin is oxidized to form a mixture of various carboxylic acids, and butanediol can be obtained after separation. 2. Hydrogenation maleic anhydride or fumaric acid is hydrogenated under the action of catalyst to generate succinic acid, and then the finished product is separated. The catalyst is nickel or noble metal, and the reaction temperature is about 130-140°C. 3. Acrylic acid carbonyl synthesis method Acrylic acid and carbon monoxide under the action of catalyst, succinic acid. Not yet industrialized. 4. Electrolytic oxidation phthalic anhydride and sulfuric acid and water are electrolyzed in a ceramic electrolytic cell at a ratio of 1:0.5:4 to obtain succinic acid. 5. Acetylene with carbon monoxide and water in the presence of [CO(CO)4] catalyst. The reaction temperature is 80-250 ℃, the pressure is 2.94-49.03MPa, and succinic acid can be obtained by reacting in acidic medium. The preparation method is catalyzed by maleic acid hydrogenation. Generally, Laney nickel is used as a catalyst, and palladium can also be used as a catalyst to obtain succinic acid. In addition, in industry, paraffin hydrogenation products can be separated or light oil can be used in 150~180 ℃, 3.92~4.41 MPa pressure, in the presence of cobalt/nickel catalyst, with air oxidation, after separation to obtain succinic acid.
spontaneous combustion temperature	470°C
toxic substance data	information provided by: pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov (external link)

Last Update：2024-09-05 08:07:36

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bernsteinsaure

Succinic Acid

CAS: 110-15-6

Molecular Formula: C4H6O4

bernsteinsaure - Names and Identifiers

bernsteinsaure - Physico-chemical Properties

bernsteinsaure - Risk and Safety

bernsteinsaure - Upstream Downstream Industry

bernsteinsaure - Reference

bernsteinsaure - Nature

Open Data Verified Data

bernsteinsaure - Preparation Method

Open Data Verified Data

bernsteinsaure - Standard

Authoritative Data Verified Data

bernsteinsaure - Trait

Authoritative Data Verified Data

melting point

bernsteinsaure - Application

Open Data Verified Data

bernsteinsaure - Differential diagnosis

Authoritative Data Verified Data

bernsteinsaure - Safety

Open Data Verified Data

bernsteinsaure - Exam

Authoritative Data Verified Data

ignition residue

Heavy metals

bernsteinsaure - Content determination

Authoritative Data Verified Data

bernsteinsaure - Category

Authoritative Data Verified Data

bernsteinsaure - Storage

Authoritative Data Verified Data

bernsteinsaure - Reference Information

Supplier List

bernsteinsaure Request for Quotation

Succinic Acid

CAS: 110-15-6

Molecular Formula: C4H6O4

bernsteinsaure - Names and Identifiers

bernsteinsaure - Physico-chemical Properties

bernsteinsaure - Risk and Safety

bernsteinsaure - Upstream Downstream Industry

bernsteinsaure - Reference

bernsteinsaure - Nature

Open Data Verified Data

bernsteinsaure - Preparation Method

Open Data Verified Data

bernsteinsaure - Standard

Authoritative Data Verified Data

bernsteinsaure - Trait

Authoritative Data Verified Data

melting point

bernsteinsaure - Application

Open Data Verified Data

bernsteinsaure - Differential diagnosis

Authoritative Data Verified Data

bernsteinsaure - Safety

Open Data Verified Data

bernsteinsaure - Exam

Authoritative Data Verified Data

ignition residue

Heavy metals

bernsteinsaure - Content determination

Authoritative Data Verified Data

bernsteinsaure - Category

Authoritative Data Verified Data

bernsteinsaure - Storage

Authoritative Data Verified Data

bernsteinsaure - Reference Information

Supplier List

bernsteinsaure