纯品为白色结晶,工业品为白色粉末。能溶于醇、酮、酯类等有机溶剂,难溶于醚、氯仿、苯和水。与钾、钠离子形成盐并溶于水。赤霉素固体比较稳定。在干燥、密闭条件下贮存时间较久不会失效,水溶液不稳定。可在酸性或弱酸性条件及低温短期存放,温度较高或碱性条件时不稳定。
赤霉索可用发酵方法生产。利用赤霉菌在麸皮、蔗糖和无机盐等培养基中进行发酵,赤霉菌代谢产生赤霉素,发酵液经溶媒提取、浓缩即得。
高效植物生长调节剂。能促进作物生长发育,提早成熟,改进品质,提商产量。它能迅速打破种子、块茎和鳞茎等器官休眠,促进发芽,减少蕾、花、铃、果实的脱落,提高果实结实率或形成无籽果实。可用于水稻、麦类、棉花、果树、蔬菜等作物,促进其生长、发芽、开花、结果。赤霉素不论是喷雾、涂抹、蘸根,对不同作物都有增产作用,但施用过多的赤霉素,植物会出现黄而细长的枝条,即失绿、徒长现象,反而影响产量。赤霉素还可用于从大麦制造麦芽。它对昆虫的发育也有促进作用。
正常使用时对人畜无毒。小鼠急性经口LD50>25000mg/kg。大鼠吸入无作用剂量为250~400mg/L。无致畸、致突变作用。吞服有毒,粉末溅入眼睛要用大量水冲洗。
中文名 | 赤霉素 |
英文名 | Gibberellic acid |
别名 | 奇宝 赤霉酸 赤霉素 九二0 九二零 GA3)赤霉素 九二0,赤霉酸 赤霉酸(赤霉素A3) 12-二羟基-3-甲基-6-亚甲基-2-氧全氢-4a 2,4a,7-三羟基-1-甲基-8-亚甲基赤霉-3-烯-1,10-二羧酸-1,4a-内酯 |
英文别名 | GA3 RELEASE PRO-GIBB RYZUPSTRONG Gibberellic acid Gibberellin Acid Gibberellic Acid A3 Gibberellic acid GA-3 Gibberellic Acid (1.06020) (1alpha,2beta,4aalpha,4bbeta,10beta)-a-lacton (3s,3ar,4s,4as,7s,9ar,9br,12s)-7,12-dihydroxy-3-methyl-6-methylene-2-oxoperhyd (3s,3as,4s,4as,6s,8as,8bs,11s)-6,11-dihydroxy-3-methyl-12-methylene-2-oxo-4a,6 (1alpha,2beta,4aalpha,4bbeta,10beta)-2,4a,7-trihydroxy-1-methyl-8-methylenegibb 2,4a,7-Trihydroxy-1-methyl-8-methylenegibb-3-ene-1,10-dicarboxylic acid 1,4a-lacto (1alpha,2beta,4aalpha,4bbeta,10beta)-2,4a,7-Trihydroxy-1-methyl-8-methylgibb-3-ene-1,10-dicarboxylic acid 1,4a-lactone 2,7-dihydroxy-1-methyl-8-methylidene-13-oxo-1,2,4b,5,6,7,8,9,10,10a-decahydro-4a,1-(epoxymethano)-7,9a-methanobenzo[a]azulene-10-carboxylic acid (3S,3aR,4S,4aR,7S,9aR,9bR,12S)-7,12-dihydroxy-3-methyl-6-methylene-2-oxoperhydro-4a,7-methano-9b,13-propenoazuleno[1,2-b]furan-4-carboxylic acid (1S,2S,4aR,4bR,7S,9aS,10S,10aR)-2,7-dihydroxy-1-methyl-8-methylidene-13-oxododecahydro-4a,1-(epoxymethano)-7,9a-methanobenzo[a]azulene-10-carboxylic acid (2S,4aR,4bR,9aS,10S,10aR)-2,7-dihydroxy-1-methyl-8-methylidene-13-oxo-1,2,4b,5,6,7,8,9,10,10a-decahydro-4a,1-(epoxymethano)-7,9a-methanobenzo[a]azulene-10-carboxylic acid (2S,4aR,4bR,7S,9aS,10S,10aR)-2,7-dihydroxy-1-methyl-8-methylidene-13-oxo-1,2,4b,5,6,7,8,9,10,10a-decahydro-4a,1-(epoxymethano)-7,9a-methanobenzo[a]azulene-10-carboxylic acid (1R,2R,4aS,4bS,7R,9aR,10S,10aS)-2,7-dihydroxy-1-methyl-8-methylidene-13-oxo-1,2,4b,5,6,7,8,9,10,10a-decahydro-4a,1-(epoxymethano)-7,9a-methanobenzo[a]azulene-10-carboxylic acid (1S,2S,4aR,4bR,7S,9aS,10S,10aR)-2,7-dihydroxy-1-methyl-8-methylidene-13-oxo-1,2,4b,5,6,7,8,9,10,10a-decahydro-4a,1-(epoxymethano)-7,9a-methanobenzo[a]azulene-10-carboxylic acid |
CAS | 77-06-5 |
EINECS | 201-001-0 |
化学式 | C19H22O6 |
分子量 | 346.38 |
InChI | InChI=1/C19H24O6/c1-9-7-17-8-18(9,24)5-3-10(17)19-6-4-11(20)16(2,15(23)25-19)13(19)12(17)14(21)22/h10-13,20,24H,1,3-8H2,2H3,(H,21,22)/t10-,11+,12-,13-,16-,17+,18+,19-/m1/s1 |
InChIKey | IXORZMNAPKEEDV-OBDJNFEBSA-N |
密度 | 1.34 g/cm3 (20℃) |
熔点 | 227 °C |
沸点 | 401.12°C (rough estimate) |
比旋光度 | 82.5 º (c=10, ethanol) |
闪点 | 227°C |
水溶性 | 5 g/L (20 º C) |
蒸汽压 | 5.93E-18mmHg at 25°C |
溶解度 | 5g/l |
折射率 | 81 ° (C=2, MeOH) |
酸度系数 | 4.0(at 25℃) |
存储条件 | 0-6°C |
稳定性 | 稳定。可燃。与酸、强氧化剂不相容。 |
敏感性 | Sensitive to light |
外观 | 粉末 |
颜色 | White to pale yellow |
Merck | 14,4419 |
BRN | 54346 |
物化性质 | 纯品为白色结晶,工业品为白色粉末。能溶于醇、酮、酯类等有机溶剂,难溶于醚、氯仿、苯和水。与钾、钠离子形成盐并溶于水。赤霉素固体比较稳定。在干燥、密闭条件下贮存时间较久不会失效,水溶液不稳定。可在酸性或弱酸性条件及低温短期存放,温度较高或碱性条件时不稳定。 |
MDL号 | MFCD00079329 |
危险品标志 | Xi - 刺激性物品 |
风险术语 | 36 - 刺激眼睛。 |
安全术语 | S26 - 不慎与眼睛接触后,请立即用大量清水冲洗并征求医生意见。 S36 - 穿戴适当的防护服。 S24/25 - 避免与皮肤和眼睛接触。 |
WGK Germany | 3 |
RTECS | LY8990000 |
FLUKA BRAND F CODES | 10 |
TSCA | Yes |
海关编号 | 29322980 |
上游原料 | 淀粉 硫酸 无水葡萄糖 乙醇 |
下游产品 | 食品添加剂 |
参考资料 展开查看 | 1. 王健, 任雪梅, 丁晓雯. 正交试验优化超声波辅助提取果蔬中赤霉素GA_3残留量的测定条件[J]. 食品研究与开发, 2020. 2. 荣涛, 宁云芬, 朱杨帆,等. 种皮处理、温度及赤霉素处理对跳舞草种子萌发的影响[J]. 农业研究与应用, 2019, 32(01):36-39. 3. 商桑, 王健, 丁晓雯. 赤霉素GA3急性毒性和遗传毒性[J]. 食品科学, 2015(17):236-239. 4. 王楚, 顾宸瑞, 姜静,等. 赤霉素对盆栽白桦无性系早期生长及结实的影响[J]. 南京林业大学学报:自然科学版, 2019, 43(05):16-22. 5. 何学青 沙亚·海拉提 张依凡 等. 不同外源植物生长物质对柳枝稷种子萌发特性的影响[J]. 草地学报 2018(3):684-690. 6. 王兆龙 王义菊 于强 等. 不同授粉措施对三季梨果实品质及内源激素的影响[J]. 山西果树 2019 189(03):1-4. 7. 赵露 周新芳 孙天尊 等. 人参多越冬芽发育的生理解析--基于HPLC-MS/MS法的内源植物激素分析[J]. 东北师大学报:自然科学版 2020(1):127-135. 8. 龙云树,杨荣萍,张应华,刘自贵,张国平,吴兴恩.野生中华猕猴桃种子萌发的最佳条件[J].贵州农业科学,2020,48(09):93-96. 9. 张丹,孙萍,陈思瑾,幸华,芮仕立,牛早霞,栗孟飞.液相色谱-串联质谱联用法同时测定6种植物激素[J].甘肃农业大学学报,2020,55(04):98-103. 10. 汪瑾,戴琳,王安琦,卢亚萍.超高效液相色谱-高分辨质谱测定10种植物内源激素[J].分析科学学报,2021,37(01):81-87. 11. 吴进东,尹亚楠,袁束彪.GA_3对霍山石斛生长及高温胁迫的调控效应[J].滁州学院学报,2020,22(05):1-5. 12. 姜雨昕,姜大成,翁丽丽,孙金,肖春萍.北苍术种子的萌发特性及其生态适应性研究[J].种子,2020,39(08):158-163. 13. Jiaqi You, Jing Zhang, Mingde Wu, Long Yang, Weidong Chen, Guoqing Li, Multiple criteria-based screening of Trichoderma isolates for biological control of Botrytis cinerea on tomato, Biological Control, Volume 101, 2016, Pages 31-38, ISSN 1049-9644, https: 14. Zhu, Congming, et al. "Cytokinin is an effective stimulator for turion sprouting of Potamogeton crispus." Fundamental and Applied Limnology (2015): 271-278. 15. Zhang, De-Jian, et al. "Auxin modulates root-hair growth through its signaling pathway in citrus." Scientia Horticulturae 236 (2018): 73-78.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2018.03.038 16. Yao, Yaming, et al. "Effect of 2, 4-epibrassinolide treatment on the postharvest quality and physiological metabolism of fresh daylily flower buds during storage." Scientia Horticulturae 226 (2017): 110-116.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2017.08.039 17. [IF=3.687] Jiaqi You et al."Multiple criteria-based screening of Trichoderma isolates for biological control of Botrytis cinerea on tomato."Biol Control. 2016 Oct;101:31 18. [IF=5.537] Hui Liu et al."Mechanism of early germination inhibition of fresh walnuts (Juglans regia) with gamma radiation uncovered by transcriptomic profiling of embryos during storage."Postharvest Biol Tec. 2021 Feb;172:111380 19. [IF=4.729] Muhammad Jawaad Atif et al."Transcriptomic analysis of Allium sativum uncovers putative genes involved in photoperiodic pathway and hormone signaling under long day and short day conditions."Plant Sci. 2021 Dec;313:111095 20. [IF=4.411] Jian-Hui Ye et al."Effects of Light Intensity and Spectral Composition on the Transcriptome Profiles of Leaves in Shade Grown Tea Plants (Camellia sinensis L.) and Regulatory Network of Flavonoid Biosynthesis."Molecules. 2021 Jan;26(19):5836 21. [IF=4.215] Ahmad Husain et al."Impact of water deficit on the development and senescence of tomato roots grown under various soil textures of Shaanxi, China."Bmc Plant Biol. 2021 Dec;21(1):1-16 22. [IF=3.463] Hongjiu Liu et al."Effect of the mode and time of gibberellic acid treatment on plant architecture and bulb structure in garlic (Allium sativum L.)."Sci Hortic-Amsterdam. 2019 Nov;257:108723 23. [IF=3.276] Lu Juanjuan et al."Dormancy and germination of the trimorphic achenes of a cold desert annual: spreading the risk over time."Aob Plants. 2020 Dec;12(6): 24. [IF=2.848] Hong-jiu LIU et al."Response of axillary bud development in garlic (Allium sativum L.) to seed cloves soaked in gibberellic acid (GA3) solution."J Integr Agr. 2020 Apr;19:1044 25. [IF=8.34] Li Ying et al."Transcriptome and miRNAome analysis reveals components regulating tissue differentiation of bamboo shoots."Plant Physiol. 2022 Mar;188(4):2182-2198 26. [IF=4.116] Zhang Hongliang et al."Role of gibberellin and its three GID1 receptors in Jasminum sambac stem elongation and flowering."Planta. 2022 Jan;255(1):1-16 |
纯品为白色结晶,工业品为白色粉末。能溶于醇、酮、酯类等有机溶剂,难溶于醚、氯仿、苯和水。与钾、钠离子形成盐并溶于水。赤霉素固体比较稳定。在干燥、密闭条件下贮存时间较久不会失效,水溶液不稳定。可在酸性或弱酸性条件及低温短期存放,温度较高或碱性条件时不稳定。
赤霉索可用发酵方法生产。利用赤霉菌在麸皮、蔗糖和无机盐等培养基中进行发酵,赤霉菌代谢产生赤霉素,发酵液经溶媒提取、浓缩即得。
高效植物生长调节剂。能促进作物生长发育,提早成熟,改进品质,提商产量。它能迅速打破种子、块茎和鳞茎等器官休眠,促进发芽,减少蕾、花、铃、果实的脱落,提高果实结实率或形成无籽果实。可用于水稻、麦类、棉花、果树、蔬菜等作物,促进其生长、发芽、开花、结果。赤霉素不论是喷雾、涂抹、蘸根,对不同作物都有增产作用,但施用过多的赤霉素,植物会出现黄而细长的枝条,即失绿、徒长现象,反而影响产量。赤霉素还可用于从大麦制造麦芽。它对昆虫的发育也有促进作用。
正常使用时对人畜无毒。小鼠急性经口LD50>25000mg/kg。大鼠吸入无作用剂量为250~400mg/L。无致畸、致突变作用。吞服有毒,粉末溅入眼睛要用大量水冲洗。
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