纯品为无色结晶或白色结晶性粉末,有三甲胺气味和碱苦味。有吸湿性,易溶于水和乙醇,不溶于苯和氯仿。70%的水溶液为无色至淡黄色透明的黏性液体,有特殊臭鱼腥味。在空气中氧化,放出氨臭味,遇热分解。50%的粉剂为白色或黄褐色粉末或颗粒,也有特殊臭味。
由三甲胺与环氧乙烷反应而得产品。也可用氯乙醇在少量环氧乙烷或碱性物质催化下,与三甲胺反应而得产品。
胆碱是畜、禽、鱼类所需的重要物质。在动物体内它可以调节脂肪的代谢与转化,有效地预防和治疗畜禽器官内的脂肪沉积和组织变性,增强畜禽的体质和抗病能力,促进生长发育,提高氨基酸的利用率。貂、猪、兔、牛等家畜饲料中缺少胆碱时,会使家畜发育不良,皮毛粗糙骨骼软,降低生长,体弱多病。
中文名 | 氯化胆碱 |
英文名 | Choline chloride |
别名 | 增蛋素 氯化但脂 氯化胆碱 氯化胆脂 氯化胆素 氯化2-羟乙基三甲铵 氯化 2-羟乙基三甲胺 (2-羟乙基)三甲基氯化铵 三甲基(2-羟乙基)氯化铵 维生素B4,2-羟乙基三甲基氯化铵 氯化胆碱 氯化胆脂 增蛋素 |
英文别名 | HOEtN1,1,1Cl Choline chloride Cholinii chloridum Choline Chloride pure Choline chloride, FCC Grade 2-Hydroxyethyl trimethylammonium chloride 2-hydroxy-N,N,N-trimethylethanaminium chloride 2-hydroxy-N,N,N-trimethylethanaminium chloride hydrochloride |
CAS | 67-48-1 |
EINECS | 200-655-4 |
化学式 | C5H14ClNO |
分子量 | 139.62 |
InChI | InChI=1/C5H14NO.2ClH/c1-6(2,3)4-5-7;;/h7H,4-5H2,1-3H3;2*1H/q+1;;/p-1 |
InChIKey | SGMZJAMFUVOLNK-UHFFFAOYSA-M |
密度 | 1.0238 (rough estimate) |
熔点 | 302-305 °C (dec.) (lit.) |
水溶性 | soluble |
JECFA Number | 2003 |
溶解度 | H2O: 1m,透明,无色 |
折射率 | 1.5400 (estimate) |
PH值 | 5.0-7.5 (25℃, 1M in H2O) |
存储条件 | Sealed in dry,Room Temperature |
稳定性 | 稳定。与强氧化剂、水分不相容。储存在干燥的环境中。 |
敏感性 | Hygroscopic |
外观 | 附着晶体 |
颜色 | White |
最大波长(λmax) | ['λ: 260 nm Amax: 0.015', , 'λ: 280 nm Amax: 0.010'] |
Merck | 14,2206 |
BRN | 3563126 |
物化性质 | 白色吸湿性结晶,无味,有鱼腥臭。Mp240℃。10%水溶液pH5-6,在碱液中不稳定。本品易溶于水和乙醇,不溶于乙醚、石油醚、苯和二硫化碳。低毒,LD50(大鼠,经口)3400 mg/kg。 |
MDL号 | MFCD00011721 |
危险品标志 | Xi - 刺激性物品 |
风险术语 | 36/37/38 - 刺激眼睛、呼吸系统和皮肤。 |
安全术语 | S26 - 不慎与眼睛接触后,请立即用大量清水冲洗并征求医生意见。 S36 - 穿戴适当的防护服。 |
WGK Germany | 1 |
RTECS | KH2975000 |
FLUKA BRAND F CODES | 3-9 |
TSCA | Yes |
海关编号 | 29212900 |
上游原料 | 2-氯乙醇 环氧乙烷 三甲胺 氢氧化钠 盐酸 |
下游产品 | 卡巴胆碱 饲料添加剂 氯化磷酰胆碱钙盐 |
参考资料 展开查看 | 1. 栾琳琳, 卢红梅, 陈莉,等. 微波辅助低共熔溶剂提取桑葚果渣花青素的工艺研究[J]. 中国调味品, 2020, v.45;No.495(05):194-199. 2. 孙悦,刘晓冰,苏卓文,李志田,刘娅.微波辅助低共熔溶剂提取鹰嘴豆中黄酮及其抗氧化活性的研究[J].食品工业科技,2020,41(14):120-128. 3. 孙悦,何莲芝,苏卓文,李志田,刘娅.超声辅助低共熔溶剂提取甘草多糖的研究[J].食品研究与开发,2021,42(02):84-91. 4. 琴,周游,陈轩,沈汪洋,庄坤,吕庆云.超声辅助低共熔溶剂提取芹菜叶中的芹菜素及其抗氧化性分析[J].现代食品科技,2021,37(03):202-211+201. 5. [IF=6.558] Yanhua Huang et al."Magnetic graphene oxide modified with choline chloride-based deep eutectic solvent for the solid-phase extraction of protein."Anal Chim Acta. 2015 Jun;877:90 6. [IF=6.558] Yanjin Liu et al."Magnetic deep eutectic solvents molecularly imprinted polymers for the selective recognition and separation of protein."Anal Chim Acta. 2016 Sep;936:168 7. [IF=4.411] Hui Wang et al."Deep Eutectic Solvent-Based Ultrahigh Pressure Extraction of Baicalin from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi."Molecules. 2018 Dec;23(12):3233 8. [IF=4.411] Qi-Bin Cheng et al."Highly Efficient Enzymatic Preparation of Daidzein in Deep Eutectic Solvents."Molecules. 2017 Jan;22(1):186 9. [IF=3.935] Meilian Wang et al."Natural deep eutectic solvents as eco-friendly and sustainable dilution medium for the determination of residual organic solvents in pharmaceuticals with static headspace-gas chromatography."J Pharmaceut Biomed. 2018 Sep;158:262 10. [IF=7.514] Yayuan Tang et al."Comprehensive evaluation on tailor-made deep eutectic solvents (DESs) in extracting tea saponins from seed pomace of Camellia oleifera Abel."Food Chem. 2021 Apr;342:128243 11. [IF=6.165] Xiumin Liu et al."The correlation between the physicochemical properties of water-based deep eutectic solvents and catalytic activity of lipase Novozym 435."J Mol Liq. 2021 Mar;325:115200 12. [IF=6.057] Jing Chen et al."A novel“turn-off”fluorescence assay based on acid-copper nanoclusters in deep eutectic solvent micelles for co-aggregation inducing fluorescence enhancement and its application."Talanta. 2021 Feb;223:121731 13. [IF=4.35] Wei Zhang et al."Headspace Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry for Volatile Components Analysis in Ipomoea Cairica (L.) Sweet Leaves: Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents as Green Extraction and Dilution Matrix."Foods. 2019 Jun;8(6):205 14. [IF=2.494] Xi feng Zhang et al."A green and highly efficient method of extracting polyphenols from Lilium davidii var. unicolor Salisb using deep eutectic solvents."Chemical Engineering Communications. 2021 Jan 04 15. [IF=2.044] Zhang Wei et al."Determination of Residual Solvents in Pharmaceuticals by Static Headspace Gas Chromatography Using Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents as Mediums: A Partition Coefficients Study."Chromatographia. 2019 Oct;82(10):1523-1529 16. [IF=1.953] Qin Zhang et al."Deep eutectic solvents improve the stability of forsythoside A."J Food Safety. 2021 Aug;41(4):e12907 17. [IF=2.419] Shanshan Gao et al."Development and validation of a sensitive and reliable targeted metabolomics method for the quantification of cardiovascular disease-related biomarkers in plasma by using UPLC-MS/MS."Rapid Communications In Mass Spectrometry. 2022 Mar 18. [IF=1.902] Yongjing Liu et al."Evaluation of Green and Efficient deep eutectic solvents as media for extracting Alkaloids from Lotus Leaf."Biomedical Chromatography. 2021 Dec 06 19. [IF=6.057] Jing Chen et al."Excellent performance separation of trypsin by novel ternary magnetic composite adsorbent based on betaine-urea- glycerol natural deep eutectic solvent modified MnFe2O4-MWCNTs."TALANTA. 2022 Oct;248:123566 |
纯品为无色结晶或白色结晶性粉末,有三甲胺气味和碱苦味。有吸湿性,易溶于水和乙醇,不溶于苯和氯仿。70%的水溶液为无色至淡黄色透明的黏性液体,有特殊臭鱼腥味。在空气中氧化,放出氨臭味,遇热分解。50%的粉剂为白色或黄褐色粉末或颗粒,也有特殊臭味。
由三甲胺与环氧乙烷反应而得产品。也可用氯乙醇在少量环氧乙烷或碱性物质催化下,与三甲胺反应而得产品。
胆碱是畜、禽、鱼类所需的重要物质。在动物体内它可以调节脂肪的代谢与转化,有效地预防和治疗畜禽器官内的脂肪沉积和组织变性,增强畜禽的体质和抗病能力,促进生长发育,提高氨基酸的利用率。貂、猪、兔、牛等家畜饲料中缺少胆碱时,会使家畜发育不良,皮毛粗糙骨骼软,降低生长,体弱多病。
微信搜索化工百科或扫描下方二维码,添加化工百科小程序,随时随地查信息!