Name | Trichloroacetic acid |
Synonyms | TCA Aceto-Caustin trichloroacetate fpia precipitation RARECHEM AL BO 0072 Trichloroacetic acid Aceticacid,trichloro- acidetrichloracetique Acide trichloracetique acidetrichloracetique(french) Trichloroacetic acid solution TRICHLOROACETIC ACID extrapure Deblock trichloroacetic acid solution |
CAS | 76-03-9 |
EINECS | 200-927-2 |
InChI | InChI=1/C2HCl3O2/c3-2(4,5)1(6)7/h(H,6,7)/p-1 |
Molecular Formula | C2HCl3O2 |
Molar Mass | 163.39 |
Density | 1.62 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.) |
Melting Point | 54-58 °C (lit.) |
Boling Point | 196 °C (lit.) |
Flash Point | 196°C |
Water Solubility | 120 g/100 mL (20 ºC) |
Solubility | H2O: 0.5M at20°C, clear, colorless |
Vapor Presure | 1 mm Hg ( 51 °C) |
Vapor Density | <1 (vs air) |
Appearance | Solid |
Color | White |
Exposure Limit | ACGIH: TWA 0.5 ppmNIOSH: TWA 1 ppm(7 mg/m3) |
Maximum wavelength(λmax) | ['210nm(EtOH)(lit.)'] |
Merck | 14,9627 |
BRN | 970119 |
pKa | 0.7(at 25℃) |
PH | <1.0 (25℃, 0.5M in H2O) |
Storage Condition | Store at +15°C to +25°C. |
Stability | Stable, but moisture sensitive. Incompatible with water, strong bases. Note that the Merck Index states that this material is hydrolytically unstable in aqueous solution below 30% by weight. |
Sensitive | Hygroscopic |
Refractive Index | n20/D 1.62(lit.) |
Physical and Chemical Properties | Colorless crystal with special odor and easy deliquescence. melting point 58 ℃ boiling point 196 ℃ relative density 1.629 refractive index 1.4603 soluble in ethanol, ether, acetone, benzene, carbon tetrachloride, hexane, O-xylene and water. |
Use | Used as adenosine triphosphate, cytochrome c and placental lipopolysaccharide extraction agent and protein precipitation agent, also used as pesticide herbicides and organic synthesis raw materials |
Risk Codes | R36/37/38 - Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin. R40 - Limited evidence of a carcinogenic effect R51/53 - Toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. R50/53 - Very toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. R35 - Causes severe burns R38 - Irritating to the skin R11 - Highly Flammable R34 - Causes burns R67 - Vapors may cause drowsiness and dizziness R52/53 - Harmful to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. |
Safety Description | S26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. S36/37 - Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves. S61 - Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions / safety data sheets. S60 - This material and its container must be disposed of as hazardous waste. S45 - In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label whenever possible.) S36/37/39 - Wear suitable protective clothing, gloves and eye/face protection. S24/25 - Avoid contact with skin and eyes. S16 - Keep away from sources of ignition. |
UN IDs | UN 1839 8/PG 2 |
WGK Germany | 2 |
RTECS | AJ7875000 |
FLUKA BRAND F CODES | 10-21 |
TSCA | Yes |
HS Code | 29154000 |
Hazard Note | Corrosive/Hygroscopic |
Hazard Class | 8 |
Packing Group | II |
Toxicity | LD50 orally in rats: 5000 mg/kg (Bailey, White) |
Raw Materials | Chloral Chloral hydrate Nitric acid |
Downstream Products | chlorpyrifos |
colorless crystals, special odor, easy deliquescence, non-flammable. Soluble in ethanol, ether, acetone, benzene, carbon tetrachloride, hexane, O-xylene and water. Its aqueous solution was strongly acidic.
It is mainly used as the extraction agent of biochemical drugs, such as adenosine triphosphate, cytochrome c and placental lipopolysaccharide. It can also be used as a raw material for pesticides, a precipitant for proteins, and a fixative for microscopic samples.
(IARC) carcinogen classification | 2B (Vol. 63, 84, 106) 2014 |
NIST chemical information | information provided by: webbook.nist.gov (external link) |
EPA chemical substance information | information provided by: ofmpeb.epa.gov (external link) |
Introduction | trichloroacetic acid (TCA). Colorless or white orthorhombic crystals. Strong deliquescence. There is a slight special pungent odor. Highly corrosive. Relative molecular mass 163.40. Relative density 1.6298(61 degrees C). Melting Point: 57-58 °c. Boiling point of 197.5 deg C, 141~142 deg C (3.333 X 103Pa). Heat of combustion: 3.0kJ. Refractive index 1.4603(61 degrees C). The vapor pressure was 0.133 × 103Pa(51 ° C.). Soluble in water, acidic aqueous solution (0.1mol aqueous solution pH1.2), soluble in ethanol, ether, 25 ° C solubility: water 1306, methanol 2143, ether 617; the aqueous solution below 30% is slowly decomposed into chloroform, hydrogen chloride, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, etc.; In dilute alkaline solution, it is hydrolyzed into chloroform and carbon dioxide; And formic acid is produced by hydrolysis in concentrated alkaline solution. With strong alkali decomposition into chloroform and carbonate. Trichloroacetic acid can be prepared by direct chlorination of acetic acid or oxidation of trichloroacetaldehyde by nitric acid: CCl3CHO +2HNO3 → CCl3COOH +2NO2 + H2O. |
uses and contact opportunities | trichloroacetic acid can be used as a pharmaceutical raw material, herbicides (potassium trichloroacetate and sodium trichloroacetate), textile dyeing auxiliaries, metal surface treatment agents and raw materials such as acid chlorides, acid anhydrides, amides, polyesters, organometallic salts, salicylaldehyde, chlorocarboxylic acids, etc. In addition, it can also be used in medicine as a corrosive agent and a keratin dissolving agent, a reagent for bile pigment, a protein precipitation reagent and the like. In the field of biochemistry, it can be used as a reagent for separating and analyzing biological phosphate compounds, measuring fluoride and lipid, and a fixative, decalcifying agent and chromatographic analysis reagent for microscopic photography. In addition, salicylaldehyde compounds can be synthesized from trichloroacetic acid and alkaline phenol by ReimerTiemann reaction, and chlorocarboxylic acids [CCl3(CH2CH2)nCOOH] can be synthesized by reaction of trichloroacetic acid with monoolefin compounds. |
dangerous situation | ingestion and inhalation will be toxic, strong irritation to the skin and tissues, strong corrosive. Non-combustible. The allowable concentration in air is 1ppm (7mg/m3) in the United States. |
toxicity | The aqueous solution of trichloroacetic acid is strongly acidic, mainly used in organic synthesis (such as drugs), it can be used as a decalcifying agent and a fixing agent when using a microscope. This product is strongly corrosive. Trichloroacetic acid is classified as a highly toxic drug, and full attention must be paid to its use. Mice oral toxicity was 3300mg/kg, rats oral LD503320mg/kg, can strongly stimulate the skin and tissues. Burns occur when attached to the skin. |
harmful effects and toxic symptoms | This product can corrode the skin and eyes, but is not easily absorbed through the skin. |
Protection Measure | production equipment should be sealed. Operators must wear protective equipment to prevent contact with the human body. If the eye and skin are touched, rinse immediately with plenty of water and ask a doctor for treatment. |
storage | trichloroacetic acid is susceptible to deliquescence. Less than 30% of the aqueous solution is not suitable for storage, easy decomposition to form chloroform, hydrogen chloride, carbon dioxide and so on. in glass bottles, wooden barrels, or ceramic tiles, reinforced with wooden cases. Store in a cool, well-ventilated place, moisture-proof, sealed storage. |
transportation requirements | Grade II organic acid corrosion article. Crisis#: 94005. Containers must be marked with a "toxic corrosion" mark during transport. Handling should be light, to prevent broken glass and glass bottle rupture. |
Use | used as chemical reagent, protein precipitation and chromatographic analysis reagent used as adenosine triphosphate, cytochrome c and placental lipopolysaccharide extraction agent and protein precipitation agent, also used as pesticide herbicides and organic synthesis raw materials trichloroacetic acid is the intermediate of insecticide chlorpyrifos, is also a pharmaceutical intermediate. This product is a verrucous and astringent in medicine. Sodium trichloroacetate is a selective herbicide and is mainly used as an extractant for biochemical drugs, such as adenosine triphosphate, the extraction of highly efficient drugs such as cytochrome c and placental Ester polysaccharide is also used as a raw material for pesticides, a precipitant for proteins and a fixative for microscopic samples. determination of fluoride, protein precipitant, reagent for bile pigment shared with ferric chloride, Fixative for microscopic analysis. The product is in medicine in addition to the wart agent and astringent, trichloroacetic acid sodium is a selective herbicide, mainly used as a biochemical extraction agent, such as adenosine triphosphate, the extraction of high efficient drugs such as cytochrome c and placental Ester polysaccharide is also used as the raw material of pesticide. Traditionally used to precipitate proteins. For determination of protein concentration by quantitative precipitation? Degree. Used as a decalcifying agent and a fixative for microscopic samples. Trichloroacetic acid and alkali solution are decomposed into chloroform and alkali carbonate. |
production method | 1. After the separation of acetic acid chlorination with chloroacetic acid mother liquor as raw material, sulfur powder as catalyst, under the condition of 90-100 deg C continued chlorination, and then recrystallization, that is obtained. The chloral method is derived from the co-fusion oxidation of chloral and fuming nitric acid. Trichloroacetic acid can be obtained by oxidizing trichloroacetaldehyde with nitric acid or potassium permanganate and directly chlorination of acetic acid under the catalysis of iodine or phosphorus trichloride and illumination. The main preparation methods are as follows. (1) with the oxidation of chloral with dilute nitric acid, the reaction temperature of 80~100. CCl3CHO 2HNO3 → Cl3CCOOH NO2 Δh2o (2) the mother liquor of monochloroacetic acid was further deeply chlorinated with sulfur powder as catalyst and crystallized. ClCH2COOH Cl2[S]→ Cl3CCOOH 2HCl(3) with tetrachloroethylene as raw material, under ultraviolet irradiation at 120 ℃ through oxygen oxidation or with tetrachloroethylene as raw material, titanium as catalyst, trichloroacetic acid can be obtained by hydrolysis at 40-120 ℃. Cl2CH=CHCl2 O2→Cl3CCOOH HClCl2CH=CHCl2 2H2O→Cl3CCOOH HCl↑ 2H2↑ |
category | corrosive article |
toxicity grade | high toxicity |
Acute toxicity | intraperitoneal-mouse LDL0: 500 mg/kg |
stimulation data | Skin-rabbit 0.21 mg mild; eye-rabbit 3.5 mg/5 s severe |
flammability hazard characteristics | toxic chloride gas emitted by thermal decomposition |
storage and transportation characteristics | The warehouse is ventilated and dried at low temperature; It is stored separately from oxidants and alkalis. |
fire extinguishing agent | Sand, foam, water mist, carbon dioxide |
Occupational Standard | TLV-TWA 1 PPM (7 mg/m3) |
spontaneous combustion temperature | 711°C |
toxic substance data | information provided by: pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov (external link) |