(11alpha,15S)-11,15-dihydroxy-9-oxoprost-13-en-1-oic acid
Prostaglandin E1
CAS: 745-65-3
Molecular Formula: C20H34O5
(11alpha,15S)-11,15-dihydroxy-9-oxoprost-13-en-1-oic acid - Names and Identifiers
| Name | Prostaglandin E1 |
| Synonyms | PGE1 ent-PGE1 ALPROSTADIL Prostaglandin E1 Alprostadil (PGE1) l-cyclopentaneheptanoicaci Alprostadil (prostandin E1) Prostaglandin E1 or AIPROSTADIL Alprostadil (PGE1)／Prostaglandin E1 11,15-dihydroxy-9-oxoprost-13-en-1-oic acid (11alpha,15S)-11,15-dihydroxy-9-oxoprost-13-en-1-oic acid (11alpha,13E,15S)-11,15-dihydroxy-9-oxoprost-13-en-1-oate Prost-13-en-1-oic acid, 11,15-dihydroxy-9-oxo-, (11a,13E,15S)- (8S,11S,12S,13E,15R)-11,15-Dihydroxy-9-oxoprost-13-en-1-oic acid l-3-hydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-1-octenyl)-5-oxocyclopentaneheptanoicacid (11alpha,12xi,13E,15S)-11,15-dihydroxy-9-oxoprost-13-en-1-oic acid |
| CAS | 745-65-3 |
| EINECS | 212-017-2 |
| InChI | InChI=1/C20H34O5/c1-2-3-6-9-15(21)12-13-17-16(18(22)14-19(17)23)10-7-4-5-8-11-20(24)25/h12-13,15-17,19,21,23H,2-11,14H2,1H3,(H,24,25)/p-1/b13-12+/t15-,16+,17+,19+/m0/s1 |
| InChIKey | GMVPRGQOIOIIMI-DWKJAMRDSA-N |
(11alpha,15S)-11,15-dihydroxy-9-oxoprost-13-en-1-oic acid - Physico-chemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | C20H34O5 |
| Molar Mass | 354.49 |
| Density | 1.0458 (rough estimate) |
| Melting Point | 115-116 °C |
| Boling Point | 407.69°C (rough estimate) |
| Specific Rotation(α) | -64 º (c=1.0, C2H5OH) |
| Flash Point | 287.975°C |
| Water Solubility | insoluble |
| Solubility | Ethanol : 50 mg/mL DMSO : 50 mg/mL This product is unstable in solution. It is recommended that you use it now and use it immediately. |
| Vapor Presure | 0mmHg at 25°C |
| Appearance | powder |
| Color | White to off-white |
| Merck | 13,7968 |
| BRN | 5294062 |
| pKa | pKa 4.85± 0.07(H2O,t=25±0.1,I=0.1(NaCl)) (Uncertain) |
| Storage Condition | -20°C |
| Stability | Stable for 1 year from date of purchase as supplied. Solutions in DMSO or ethanol may be stored at -20°C for up to 1 month. |
| Refractive Index | 1.6120 (estimate) |
| Physical and Chemical Properties | Properties: This product is white needle-like crystal, soluble in ethanol, slightly soluble in water. Melting point 112-118°C. Specific rotation: 58-64. This product is a pharmaceutical Intermediate, the preparation has the effects of inhibiting platelet aggregation, the formation of thromboxane A2, the formation of atherosclerotic lipid plaque and immune complexes, and can expand the peripheral and coronary vessels, for myocardial infarction, thrombotic vasculitis, arteriosclerosis obliterans and other diseases. |
| Use | For myocardial infarction, heart failure, thrombotic vasculitis, chronic arterial occlusive disease, central retinal vein thrombosis |
| Target | PGE |
(11alpha,15S)-11,15-dihydroxy-9-oxoprost-13-en-1-oic acid - Risk and Safety
| Risk Codes | R22 - Harmful if swallowed R36/37/38 - Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin. R61 - May cause harm to the unborn child |
| Safety Description | S36 - Wear suitable protective clothing. S26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. |
| UN IDs | UN 2811 6.1/PG 3 |
| WGK Germany | 3 |
| RTECS | GY4569800 |
| FLUKA BRAND F CODES | 8-10 |
| HS Code | 29375000 |
| Hazard Class | 6.1(b) |
| Packing Group | III |
(11alpha,15S)-11,15-dihydroxy-9-oxoprost-13-en-1-oic acid - Reference
| Reference Show more | 1: Jia Y, Liu LL, Su JL, Meng XH, Wang WX, Tian C. Effect of alprostadil in the treatment of intensive care unit patients with acute renal injury. World J Clin Cases. 2021 Feb 26;9(6):1284-1292. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v9.i6.1284. PMID: 33644195; PMCID: PMC7896675. 2: Wang M, Cai XF, Zhang SM, Xia SY, Du WH, Ma YL. Alprostadil alleviates liver injury in septic rats via TLR4/NF-κB pathway. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2021 Feb;25(3):1592-1599. doi: 10.26355/eurrev_202102_24869. PMID: 33629328. 3: Taşkapu HH, Sönmez MG, Kılınç MT, Altınkaya N, Aydın A, Balasar M. Efficiency of intracavernosal alprostadil and oral clomiphene citrate combination treatment in penile vasculogenic erectile dysfunction patients accompanied by late-onset hypogonadism. Andrologia. 2020 Nov;52(10):e13759. doi: 10.1111/and.13759. Epub 2020 Jul 21. PMID: 33617097. 4: Lu Y, Yan Y, Liu X. Effects of alprostadil combined with tanshinone IIa injection on microcirculation disorder, outcomes, and cardiac function in AMI patients after PCI. Ann Palliat Med. 2021 Jan;10(1):97-103. doi: 10.21037/apm-20-2147. PMID: 33545751. 5: Garrido-Abad P, Senra-Bravo I, Manfredi C, Fernández-Pascual E, Linares- Espinós E, Fernández-Arjona M, Varillas-Delgado D, Martínez-Salamanca JI. Combination therapy with topical alprostadil and phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors after failure of oral therapy in patients with erectile dysfunction: a prospective, two-arm, open-label, non-randomized study. Int J Impot Res. 2021 Jan 22. doi: 10.1038/s41443-020-00400 |
(11alpha,15S)-11,15-dihydroxy-9-oxoprost-13-en-1-oic acid - Standard
Authoritative Data Verified Data
This product is 11a, 15(S)-dihydroxy-9-carbonyl-13-trans-prostenoic acid. The content of C20H3405 shall be 95.0% to 105.0% based on the dry product.
Last Update：2024-01-02 23:10:35
(11alpha,15S)-11,15-dihydroxy-9-oxoprost-13-en-1-oic acid - Trait
Authoritative Data Verified Data
- This product is white needle-like crystal or crystalline powder.
- This product is soluble in ethanol, slightly soluble in water; Dissolved in phosphate buffer (pH 7.4~8.0).
melting point
The melting point of this product (General 0612) is 113~118°C.
specific rotation
take this product, precision weighing, plus ethanol dissolution and quantitative dilution of the solution containing about 10 mg per 1 ml, according to the law (General 0621), the specific rotation is from one 60 ° to one 70 °.
Last Update：2022-01-01 14:19:17
(11alpha,15S)-11,15-dihydroxy-9-oxoprost-13-en-1-oic acid - Preparation solution concentration reference
| 1mg | 5mg | 10mg | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 mM | 2.821 ml | 14.105 ml | 28.21 ml |
| 5 mM | 0.564 ml | 2.821 ml | 5.642 ml |
| 10 mM | 0.282 ml | 1.411 ml | 2.821 ml |
| 5 mM | 0.056 ml | 0.282 ml | 0.564 ml |
Last Update：2024-01-02 23:10:35
(11alpha,15S)-11,15-dihydroxy-9-oxoprost-13-en-1-oic acid - Differential diagnosis
Authoritative Data Verified Data
- in the chromatogram recorded under the content determination item, the retention time of the main peak of the test solution should be consistent with the retention time of the main peak of the reference solution.
- The infrared absorption spectrum of this product should be consistent with that of the control (Spectrum set 988).
Last Update：2022-01-01 14:19:18
(11alpha,15S)-11,15-dihydroxy-9-oxoprost-13-en-1-oic acid - Exam
Authoritative Data Verified Data
clarity of ethanol solution
take 5mg of this product, add 5ml of ethanol, shake to dissolve, check according to law (General Principles 0902 The first method), the solution should be clarified.
Related substances
take an appropriate amount of this product, precision weighing, add acetonitrile-water (9:1) to dissolve and dilute to prepare a solution containing about 1 mg per 1 ml as a test solution; the appropriate amount of the reference solution under the content determination item was accurately measured and diluted with acetonitrile-water (9:1) to prepare a solution containing about 10ul per 1 ml as the alprostadil reference solution; in addition, prostaglandin A1 and prostaglandin B1 were added, and the appropriate amount of impurity control was accurately weighed, and acetonitrile-water (9:1) was added, respectively. Solutions of impurity controls each containing about 15ug of prostaglandin A1 and 5ug of prostinil per 1 ml were prepared by dissolution and quantitative dilution. According to the determination of high performance liquid chromatography (General rule 0512), silica gel was bonded with eighteen alkyl silane as filler (4.6 × 6.3, 5um); Phosphate buffer (pH 9.07) [take potassium dihydrogen phosphate g, add water 1000ml to dissolve, adjust pH to 9.46 with anhydrous disodium hydrogen phosphate solution (6.3g- 1000ml), dilute 10 times before use]-acetonitrile-methanol (36:11:3) as mobile phase; the flow rate was 1.5ml per minute; The column temperature was 40°C; And the detection wavelength was 200nm. The alprostadil control solution, prostaglandin A1 and prostaglandin B1 impurity control solution were mixed according to the ratio of (1:1:1) and shaken, as the system applicable solution. Take 25u1 injection liquid chromatograph, adjust the chromatographic system, make the retention time of alprostadil peak is about 11~13 minutes, prostaglandin A1 peak and prostaglandin B1 peak separation degree should meet the requirements. The sample solution, prostaglandin A1, prostaglandin impurity reference solution and alprostadil reference solution were respectively injected with 25ul of human liquid chromatograph, record the chromatogram of the test solution to 4 times the retention time of the main component peak. If there are impurity peaks in the chromatogram of the test solution, the contents of prostaglandin A1 and prostaglandin B1 shall not exceed 1.5% and 0.5% respectively calculated by the peak area of the external standard method; Other impurities shall be calculated by the peak area of alprostadil in the alprostadil reference solution, individual impurities shall not exceed 1.0%; Total impurities shall not exceed 2.0%. Less than 0.01% of the chromatographic peaks in the chromatogram of the test solution are ignored.
loss on drying
take 0.2g of this product, put it in a phosphorus pentoxide dryer, and dry it under reduced pressure to constant weight. The weight loss shall not exceed 1.0% (General rule 0831).
Last Update：2022-01-01 14:19:18
(11alpha,15S)-11,15-dihydroxy-9-oxoprost-13-en-1-oic acid - Content determination
Authoritative Data Verified Data
measured by high performance liquid chromatography (General 0512).
chromatographic conditions and system suitability test
The mobile phase was acetonitrile -0.02mol/L potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution (pH 4.9)(40:60). The detection wavelength was 214nm. Take l0ul of the system applicable solution under the item of related substances, inject human liquid chromatography, adjust the chromatographic system, and the resolution of alprostadil peak and prostaglandin A1 peak should be greater than 3.0.assay
take about 10mg of this product, precision weighing, put it in 50ml measuring flask, add mobile phase to dissolve and dilute to the scale, shake, as a test solution, take 10 u1, injection of human liquid chromatography, record chromatogram; Another alprostadil reference substance, the same method for determination. According to the external standard method to calculate the peak area, that is.
Last Update：2022-01-01 14:19:19
(11alpha,15S)-11,15-dihydroxy-9-oxoprost-13-en-1-oic acid - Category
Authoritative Data Verified Data
prostaglandin drugs.
Last Update：2022-01-01 14:19:19
(11alpha,15S)-11,15-dihydroxy-9-oxoprost-13-en-1-oic acid - Storage
Authoritative Data Verified Data
seal, cold preservation.
Last Update：2022-01-01 14:19:19
(11alpha,15S)-11,15-dihydroxy-9-oxoprost-13-en-1-oic acid - Alprostadil for injection
Authoritative Data Verified Data
This product is a sterile lyophilized product made of alprostadil and an appropriate amount of excipients. The content of alprostadil (C20H3405) shall be between 90.0% and 110.0% of the labeled amount calculated on average.
trait
This product is white loose lumps or powder.
identification
In the chromatogram recorded under the content determination item, the retention time of the main peak of the test solution should be consistent with the retention time of the main peak of the control solution.
examination
- clarity of solution take 1 bottle of this product, add 0.9% sodium chloride solution to dissolve and dilute to make a solution containing 20ug of alprostadil per 1 ml, and check according to law (General Principles 0902 first law), the solution should be clear.
- Prostaglandin A1: take an appropriate amount of prostaglandin A1, weigh it accurately, dissolve it with 25% ethanol solution and quantitatively dilute it to make alprostadil 0.lmg solution, as a test solution; In addition to the appropriate amount of prostaglandin bird impurity control, precision weighing, 25% ethanol solution was added to dissolve and quantitatively dilute to prepare a solution containing about 3ug per 1 ml as the impurity control solution. According to the chromatographic conditions under the content determination item, 50 u1 of the test solution and the prostaglandin gas impurity reference solution are accurately measured and injected into the liquid chromatograph respectively, and the chromatograms are recorded. Calculated by the peak area according to the external standard method, the bird containing prostaglandin shall not exceed 3.0% of the labeled amount of alprostadil.
- the moisture content of this product shall not exceed 0832 as determined by the method for determination of moisture (General rule 1.5%, first method 1).
- The content uniformity is calculated from the results of 10 bottles respectively measured under the content determination item, and the limit is ± 20%, which shall comply with the regulations (General rule 0941).
- abnormal toxicity: take this product, add sodium chloride injection to dissolve and dilute to make 0.lmg solution, according to the law inspection (General 1141), according to intravenous administration, should comply with the provisions.
- bacterial endotoxin this product is taken and checked according to law (General rule 1143). The amount of endotoxin in alprostadil should be less than 0.25EU per 1ug.
- sterile take this product, after dissolving with appropriate solvent, the membrane filtration method, according to the law inspection (General 1101), should comply with the provisions.
- others should comply with the relevant provisions under injection (General 0102).
Content determination
Take 10 bottles of this product, respectively, add 1 ml of 25% ethanol solution, shake to dissolve the contents completely, as a test solution; Take an appropriate amount of alprostadil reference, precision weighing, 25% ethanol solution was added to dissolve and quantitatively dilute to prepare a solution corresponding to the concentration of the test solution as a reference solution. According to the chromatographic conditions under the item of alprostadil content determination, take the appropriate amount of the reference solution and the prostaglandin A1 impurity reference solution under the item of related substances, mix according to the ratio of (1:5), shake, take 20 that 1 injection of human liquid chromatograph, adjust the chromatographic system, so that the retention time of alprostadil peak is about 11 to 13 minutes, alprostadil peak and prostaglandin A! The resolution between peaks should be greater than 4.0. Accurately take 20 u1 of test solution and reference solution respectively, inject human liquid chromatograph respectively, record chromatogram, according to the external standard method, the peak area of each bottle and the average content of 10 bottles are calculated respectively.
category
Same as alprostadil.
specification
(1)20ug(2)30ug (3)80ug (4) lOOug(5)200ug
storage
seal, shade, and store in a cool place.
Last Update：2022-01-01 14:19:20
(11alpha,15S)-11,15-dihydroxy-9-oxoprost-13-en-1-oic acid - Reference Information
| Overview | Prostaglandin E1 (protaglandin E1), also known as alprostadil, bordansin, cassia, and celecoxib. Prostaglandin E1 is a biologically active substance widely present in the body. It is a member of the prostaglandin family and is recognized as an endogenous physiologically active substance. Prostaglandin E1 acts directly on vascular smooth muscle, dilates blood vessels, increases blood flow, improves microcirculation perfusion, inhibits platelet aggregation and thromboxane A2 production, and inhibits atherosclerosis, lipid plaque and immune complex formation; dilate peripheral small vessels and coronary arteries, reduce peripheral vascular resistance and blood pressure, protect platelet membrane, prevent thrombosis; Protect ischemic myocardium, reduce myocardial infarction area; Anti-heart failure; Dilate renal vessels, increases renal blood flow, removes non-protein nitrogen, regulates water-sodium balance, has a diuretic and protective effect on renal function. t1/2 is 5~10min. 68% by the liver after metabolism by the kidney. Clinical for coronary heart disease, angina, myocardial infarction, pulmonary hypertension, chronic arterial occlusion. |
| physical properties | is white or light yellow needle-like crystal, Mp115 ~ 116 ℃, the specific rotation was -61.6 °(c = 0.56,THF). Soluble in ether (ether). |
| pharmacological effects | 1. Dilation of blood vessels and inhibition of platelet aggregation. 2. Improve liver circulation, increase oxygen supply, promote liver metabolism and detoxification. 3. Stabilize liver cell membrane, inhibit inflammatory factors and promote liver cell regeneration. |
| preparation procedure | sheep seminal vesicle →( KCl,EDTA-Na2,pH8) → Suspension of enzyme → Incubation (hydroquinone, glutathione, two high-gamma-linolenic acid) → reaction solution → extraction (acetone, diethyl ether, dichloromethane) → prostaglandin crude → prostaglandin E1 crude (separation, silica gel column). |
| assay | 1. Chromatographic conditions detection wavelength: 214nm; Flow rate: 1.0mL/min; Mobile phase: acetonitrile: 0.02 mol/L potassium dihydrogen phosphate (pH = 4.9±0.5)= 30 ∶ 70; Column: dima C18(200mm × 4.6, 5 μm); Injection volume: 10 μL; Number of theoretical plates: not less than 2000 based on prostaglandin E1 peak. 2. Preparation of reference solution 0.5mg of PGE1 reference substance was precisely weighed, and 5ml of 25% ethanol solution was precisely added to prepare 0.1mg/ml PGE1 solution. Accurately draw 0.5mL to 5mL volumetric flasks, add 25% ethanol solution to dissolve to the scale, and pass 0.22 μm microporous membrane to obtain. Preparation of sample solution self-made crude PGE (0.1mg) was precisely weighed, anhydrous ethanol solution (1ml) was precisely added, and the product was obtained by passing through a 0.22 μm microporous membrane. 4. Content determination method: 10 μl of test sample solution was injected into the liquid chromatograph, and the peak area integral value of prostaglandin E1 absorption peak was determined by operating under the condition of "1, prostaglandin E1 content was calculated. C sample = A sample × C pair/A pair |
| Structure and pharmacokinetics | the basic structure of PGE1 is an unsaturated eicosyl fatty acid, it consists of a five-carbon ring and two hydrocarbon chains with a double bond on the side chain. The precursor of prostaglandin synthesis in the body is arachidonic acid, which catalyzes the production of prostaglandins (such as PGD2, PGE1, PEG2, PGF2α, PGI2, etc.) and thromboxane by epoxidase and lipid oxidase. PGE1 is unstable in vivo, and the lung is its main synthesis and metabolism. When PGE1 first passes through the pulmonary circulation, about 60%-90% is metabolized, and its biotransformation products have little biological activity. After 5min of intra-arterial infusion, PGE1 reached the maximum and steady-state plasma concentration in venous blood, and returned to the basal plasma concentration after 5min of stopping infusion. After β oxidation and ω oxidation, within 72h, 88% of the PGE1 metabolites were excreted by urine and the remaining 12% were excreted by feces. Since PGE1 is rapidly metabolized in vivo, long-term continuous intravenous administration or preparation into a liposome preparation is generally used in order to maintain the efficacy. |
| adverse reactions | PGE1 adverse reactions can involve multiple systems and organs, but the most common adverse reactions are at the injection site, mainly for the injection site swelling, itching, and can appear vascular pain, Vasculitis, some patients along the venous skin can appear "red line". Digestive system adverse reactions, manifested as Nausea, Vomit, Diarrhea, etc., which may be related to the role of PGE1 in the contraction of gastrointestinal smooth muscle. Adverse reactions of nervous system and cardiovascular system are also common. In addition, there are erythema, pruritus, drug eruption, and anaphylaxis, which may be due to PGE1 sensitization by directly binding to mast cell surface glycoproteins, the release of various bioactive substances, especially histamine and other substances, which can produce an immediate allergic reaction by binding to the antigen, can cause an allergic reaction. In addition, PGE1 can also cause rare adverse reactions such as dry eye, vertigo, dry mouth, low back pain and leukopenia, which should also be paid enough attention in clinic. Body temperature, blood pressure and white blood cells should be checked during administration. |
| medication | should be used with caution in patients with heart failure, glaucoma, peptic ulcer and interstitial pneumonia. There is a stimulating effect on the vein, can appear red, swelling, heat, pain and other inflammatory stimulation symptoms, can cause phlebitis. At this time, the drip rate should be adjusted or the observation should be stopped. For temporary use, frozen drugs should not be used. |
| contraindication | 1. Severe cardiac insufficiency. Pregnant women. Allergy |
| indication | acute and chronic hepatitis, especially for the treatment of severe hepatitis. |
| uses | for diabetic neuropathy, myocardial infarction, thrombotic vasculitis, arteriosclerosis obliterans, central retinal vein thrombosis. treatment of hepatitis cirrhosis, cerebral infarction, diabetes, impotence, respiratory diseases. The liver function damage is not serious childA, grade B patients, especially childA patients have anti-fibrosis effect. For induced labor, induced labor, renal insufficiency, treatment of mumps, pancreatitis. Prostaglandin E1 for injection is mainly used for myocardial infarction, heart failure, thrombotic vasculitis, chronic arterial occlusive disease, central retinal vein thrombosis, for extracorporeal circulation to protect platelets, angiography, vascular reconstruction surgery, etc. is a derivative of arachidene. Can significantly inhibit and remove platelet aggregation, improve blood microcirculation, but also a direct role in vascular smooth muscle, expansion of arterial blood vessels, half-life up to 5 to 10 minutes. Clinical for various types of angina, reduce the size of myocardial infarction, maintain the infant ductus arteriosus open, systemic and pulmonary arterial hypertension, peripheral vascular disease and other forms of extracorporeal circulation in the anticoagulant therapy. it is suitable for myocardial infarction, heart failure, thrombotic vasculitis, chronic arterial occlusive disease, central retinal vein thrombosis, etc. |
| Clinical application | clinical application for diabetic complications, coronary heart disease, intractable heart failure, congenital heart disease with pulmonary hypertension, hypertension, cerebral infarction, chronic arterial occlusive disease, sudden deafness, retinal vein occlusion, viral hepatitis, chronic gastritis, duodenal ulcer, chronic renal insufficiency, pancreatitis, application in organ transplantation, erectile dysfunction, induced labor and postpartum hemorrhage, femoral head necrosis, lumbar disc herniation, postherpetic neuralgia, bronchial asthma. |
| usage and dosage | intravenous drip: The General dose is 0.05~0.5 μg/ (kg · min), the solution was dissolved in 2ml of normal saline first, and 100 μg/d of angina pectoris was added to of glucose solution for instillation; 100-200 μg/d of myocardial infarction was added to of glucose solution for instillation, 400 μg/d for severe cases. One course of treatment was 7 ~ 10d. |
| production method | from the cyclopentene derivative (I), it was obtained by the following reaction. preparation of crude PGE from sheep seminal vesicles the sheep seminal vesicles were prepared by enzyme preparation, incubation, organic solvent extraction and silica gel column separation. Sheep seminal vesicles [KCl, EDTANa2, Ph8]→ enzyme suspension [hydroquinone, glutathione] → [arachidonic acid, O2] reaction solution [acetone, diethyl ether, dichloromethane] → crude PGS [separation] → [silica gel column] Preparation of crude PGE PGE 1 finished product 20g of silica gel per 1g of crude PGE, 200-250 mesh 10 times the PGE mass of activated silver nitrate silica gel suspended in V ethyl acetate: V glacial acetic acid: V petroleum ether: V water = 220:22.5:125:5 (bp 90-120 ℃ of petroleum ether) in the developing agent, the column was wet packed. The crude product was dissolved with a small amount of the same developing solvent, loaded onto the column, and eluted. PGE1 and PGE2 fractions were collected separately. The PGE1 fraction was concentrated below 35 ° C. Under nitrogen to have no taste of acetic acid, dissolved in ethyl acetate, washed with water and acid, pH4-5, and then added with physiological saline to remove silver. The ethyl acetate solution was left in the refrigerator overnight to obtain the PGE1 product. Crude PGE [silver nitrate silica gel column] → PGE1, Liang Yongtao, Wei Fengping, etc., using γ-linolenic acid methyl ester as starting material, using chemical-enzymatic synthesis technology, prostaglandin E1 was synthesized by two different routes, the overall yields were 13% and 16%, respectively. |
Last Update：2024-04-09 21:11:58
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