Name | Chromium Picolinate |
Synonyms | CrPic ChromiumPiconilate Chromium Picolinate CHROMIUM PICOLINATE NF Picolinic acid chromium facial chromium(III) picolinate Picolinic acid chromium(III) salt chromium(3+) tripyridine-2-carboxylate Chromium(3+) tri(2-pyridinecarboxylate) Chromium, tris(2-pyridinecarboxylato-.kappa.N1,.kappa.O2)- ChroChromium(III) picolinateChromium(III) picolinateChromium(III) picolinatemium(III) picolinate |
CAS | 14639-25-9 15713-60-7 |
EINECS | 1592732-453-0 |
InChI | InChI=1/3C6H5NO2.Cr/c3*8-6(9)5-3-1-2-4-7-5;/h3*1-4H,(H,8,9);/q;;;+3/p-3/rC18H12CrN3O6/c23-16(13-7-1-4-10-20-13)26-19(27-17(24)14-8-2-5-11-21-14)28-18(25)15-9-3-6-12-22-15/h1-12H |
InChIKey | CBDQOLKNTOMMTL-UHFFFAOYSA-K |
Molecular Formula | C18H12CrN3O6 |
Molar Mass | 418.31 |
Melting Point | >300°C |
Boling Point | 292.5°C at 760 mmHg |
Solubility | Slightly soluble in water, insoluble in ethanol |
Appearance | Violet-Red Crystalline Powder |
Color | Dark Red |
Merck | 14,2236 |
Storage Condition | room temp |
MDL | MFCD00068715 |
Use | Used as medicines and health products, food additives |
Hazard Symbols | Xi - Irritant |
Risk Codes | R20/21/22 - Harmful by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. R36/37/38 - Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin. |
Safety Description | S22 - Do not breathe dust. S36/37/39 - Wear suitable protective clothing, gloves and eye/face protection. S36 - Wear suitable protective clothing. S26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. |
WGK Germany | 3 |
RTECS | US5647790 |
HS Code | 29333990 |
Reference Show more | 1. Chen Dongyang, Zhang Hao, Feng Jiali, Zeng Dong, Liu Xianjun, Li Bangrui. Determination of 7 Effective Components in Weight Loss Health Food by High Performance Liquid Chromatography [J]. Practical Preventive Medicine, 2020,27(12):1457-1459. |
EPA chemical information | Information provided by: ofmpub.epa.gov (external link) |
properties | chromium picolinate is a dark red small crystalline powder with luster, stable at room temperature, slightly soluble in water, insoluble in ethanol and good fluidity. |
product characteristics | chromium picolinate has a purplish red crystalline fine powder with good fluidity, stable chemical properties at room temperature, slightly soluble in water and insoluble in ethanol, in which chromium is trivalent chromium. The entire molecular structure is electrically neutral and has hydrophobic properties, so it can be absorbed across the membrane with a complete structure. The molecular structure is similar to the GTF part. In 1977, Toepfer believed that GTF was a biologically active form of chromium, and its structure was a complex formed by nicotinic acid-chromium-nicotinic acid and aspartic acid, glutamic acid, glycine, and cysteine. The GTF-like structure of chromium picolinate determines its own better absorption rate and can play its biological function more effectively. It is reported that the absorption rate of common chromium preparation is about 0.5%, while the absorption rate of chromium picolinate is 2%-5%(Anderson,1996). Chromium picolinate is a supplement to strengthen muscles and promote weight loss. It can increase the amount of active AMP protein kinase (AMPK) related to metabolic pathway in skeletal muscle cells, thereby improving energy balance and insulin function. The main effects are as follows: 1. Increase the proportion of lean meat, reduce fat and improve carcass quality. 2. improve anti-stress ability and immunity. Stress can cause animal yield reduction. Chromium nicotinate can increase the yield of animal products through anti-stress effect. Chromium is an important mineral. It is an essential substance for the release of insulin activity in the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats and proteins. In August 2005, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the production of chromium picolinate and confirmed that it can be safely used in the treatment of human anti-insulin and type 2 diabetes. The FDA made this judgment mainly based on the results of Dr. Cefalu's early randomized, double-blind and comfort therapy research. Chromium picolinate can significantly improve insulin sensitivity in high-risk diabetic patients. China's dietary chromium reference intake (adults) AI = 50ug/day, UL = 500ug/day. in the regulations on application and evaluation of nutrient supplements, the minimum amount of chromium is 15ug/day and the maximum amount is 150ug/day. |
chromium element | chromium element is one of the 12 trace metal elements necessary for human body. in nature, chromium exists in various valence states from Cr to Cr6, but Cr, Cr2, Cr3 and Cr6 are the most common. Cr3 is an essential trace element for the human body. Almost all chromium in the human body is Cr3. It is a component of glucose tolerance factor and has an insulin-like effect. It can promote the use of glucose by cells, promote the oxidative phosphorylation of glucose, and promote glycogen synthesis. Improve the stability of insulin, thereby reducing blood sugar. Its physiological function has been paid more and more attention by researchers. Studies have shown that chromium is closely related to glucose metabolism, lipid metabolism, protein metabolism and nucleic acid metabolism. At the same time, it was found that all kinds of animals have strong tolerance to chromium. It can tolerate 3000mg/kg of chromium oxide and 1000mg/kg of chromium chloride. As an organic chromium preparation, the safety of chromium picolinate has also attracted increasing attention. In livestock production, chromium picolinate has obvious promoting effects on alleviating environmental stress, improving lean meat rate and enhancing resistance, and is widely used. However, in terms of its usage, although some countries have approved the addition of chromium picolinate in livestock and poultry diets, the minimum animal requirement and maximum tolerance data have not yet been officially released. Studies have reported that the normal physiological concentration of plasma chromium is 0.1-2.1 μg/ml(Cerulli et al., 1998), and the physiological concentration of chromium in human liver is 5.4-470 ηg/g liver wet weight (-0.1-9 μM)(Versieck,1985), and excessive addition (much higher than the physiological dose) may produce DNA toxicity and cytotoxicity. |
precautions | current research by nutrition societies and institutions at home and abroad shows that long-term intake of chromium ≥ 1000ug/day is easy to cause poisoning. The maximum allowable consumption of health food is 250ug/day. 1. Excessive iron and zinc will hinder and inhibit the absorption of chromium. 2. manganese and chromium have mutual promotion in regulating sugar metabolism. 3. the synergy between chromium and magnesium can promote sugar conversion. 4. there is no need to increase the level of protein and lysine in daily sugar. |
Use | Used as a health product and food additive Chromium picolinate (CrPic) is a supplement or substitute for type 2 diabetes. Experimental evidence shows that CrPic takes glucose by activating P38 MAPK. Chromium is thought to enhance the effect of insulin, thereby increasing insulin sensitivity in patients with type 2 diabetes. Chromium picolinate (CrPic) is a supplement or alternative drug for type 2 diabetes; experimental evidence shows that CrPic has an effect on glucose uptake through p38 MAPK activation; chromium is believed to enhance insulin function, leading to increased insulin sensitivity in type 2 diabetes |