2-Nitropropane
2-Nitropropane
CAS: 79-46-9
Molecular Formula: C3H7NO2
2-Nitropropane - Names and Identifiers
2-Nitropropane - Physico-chemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | C3H7NO2 |
| Molar Mass | 89.09 |
| Density | 0.992g/mLat 25°C(lit.) |
| Melting Point | -93 °C |
| Boling Point | 120°C(lit.) |
| Flash Point | 99°F |
| Water Solubility | 1.7 g/100 mL (20 ºC) |
| Solubility | H2O: slightly soluble |
| Vapor Presure | ~13 mm Hg ( 20 °C) |
| Vapor Density | ~3 (vs air) |
| Appearance | Liquid |
| Color | Colorless to Almost colorless |
| Exposure Limit | Potential occupational carcinogen. NIOSH REL: IDLH 100 ppm; OSHA PEL:TWA 25 ppm (90 mg/m3); ACGIH TLV: TWA 10 ppm (adopted). |
| Merck | 14,6628 |
| BRN | 1740684 |
| pKa | pK1:7.675 (25°C) |
| Storage Condition | Flammables area |
| Stability | Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, strong bases, copper. |
| Refractive Index | n20/D 1.394(lit.) |
| Physical and Chemical Properties | Colorless liquid. Slightly pleasant smell. Relative density (d2020)0.992, boiling point of 120 deg C, flash point of 39.4 deg C. Refractive index (nD20)1.3941, freezing point -93 °c. Slightly soluble in water (1.7/100ml,20 °c). |
2-Nitropropane - Risk and Safety
| Hazard Symbols | T - Toxic |
| Risk Codes | R45 - May cause cancer R10 - Flammable R20/22 - Harmful by inhalation and if swallowed. R68 - Possible risk of irreversible effects R52/53 - Harmful to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. |
| Safety Description | S53 - Avoid exposure - obtain special instructions before use. S45 - In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label whenever possible.) S61 - Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions / safety data sheets. S36/37 - Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves. |
| UN IDs | UN 2608 3/PG 3 |
| WGK Germany | 3 |
| RTECS | TZ5250000 |
| HS Code | 29042000 |
| Hazard Class | 3.2 |
| Packing Group | III |
| Toxicity | Acute oral LD50 for rats 720 mg/kg (quoted, RTECS, 1985). |
2-Nitropropane - Nature
Open Data Verified Data
colorless liquid with a chloroform-like odor. Melting Point -91. 32 ℃, boiling point 120. 25 ℃, and water azeotrope 2 nitropropane content 70.6% (mass), azeotropic temperature 88. 55 ℃, relative density of 0.988. Refractive index 1. 39439, Flash Point (closed cup) 40 deg C, in water solubility (20 deg C) 1.7% (mass), water in 2 nitropropane solubility (20 deg C) 0.6% (mass).
Last Update：2024-01-02 23:10:35
2-Nitropropane - Preparation Method
Open Data Verified Data
same as 1-nitropropane.
Last Update：2022-01-01 10:34:17
2-Nitropropane - Use
Open Data Verified Data
used as a variety of resins, waxes, fats, dyes and coatings solvents, synthesis of pharmaceuticals, pesticides and other intermediates.
Last Update：2022-01-01 10:34:17
2-Nitropropane - Safety
Open Data Verified Data
The toxicity and protection of this product is basically the same as 1 nitropropane. But with 2 nitropropane as solvent, the vapor concentration of about 30 x 10 -6 can cause Head Pain, Nausea, Vomit, Diarrhea, vertigo, such as its concentration (10~20) X 10 -6, even if inhaled 4 hours a day is harmless. The maximum allowable concentration in the air of the operating site is 90mg/m3. Storage with nitroethane.
Last Update：2022-01-01 10:34:18
2-Nitropropane - Reference Information
| Henry's Law Constant | 8.92 at 20.00 °C, 15.3 at 30.00 °C, 24.4 at 40.00 °C, 36.9 at 50.00 °C (inert gas stripping, Bene?and Dohnal, 1999) |
| LogP | 1.35 at 20℃ |
| NIST chemical information | information provided by: webbook.nist.gov (external link) |
| (IARC) carcinogen classification | 2B (Vol. 29, Sup 7, 71) 1999 |
| EPA chemical substance information | information provided by: ofmpeb.epa.gov (external link) |
| Introduction | 2-nitropropane is a colorless liquid (normal temperature and pressure), which can be used as an organic solvent. It can be used as a solvent or additive for inks, paints, binders, varnishes, polymers, resins, fuels, and coatings. It can also be used as a synthetic reactant for other industrial chemicals, such as drugs for the synthesis of phentermine, P-chlorophenylbutylamine and p-xylene chloroacetamide. |
| content analysis | an appropriate gas chromatograph equipped with a thermal conductivity detector was used. A 100 m x 120 stainless steel column was used and the packing was Porapak Q type (mesh). The carrier gas is helium, and the flow rate is 30ml/min. The temperature of the sample section is 250, the column temperature is 180, and the detector is 250. Injection volume 1.0/A, elution 30min. 2-nitropropane was the main peak, eluting at about 9min, and l-nitropropane was the second largest peak, eluting at about 13min. The relative residence time R of 2-nitropropane was measured., Calculate 0.7~2.0R. Total area of each peak. The Peak area of 2-nitrate and its propane should be not less than 94% of the total area. |
| toxicity | ADI is not specified (FAO/WHO,2001). |
| Use | It is used as a solvent for various resins, waxes, fats, dyes and coatings, and as an intermediate for the synthesis of pharmaceuticals, pesticides and the like. solvent and cosolvent for extraction, used as special solvent of ethylene and epoxy resin coating, rocket fuel, gasoline additive, etc., also used in organic synthesis. |
| production method | 1. Obtained by nitration of propane. Propane is preheated in a preheater at 430-450 °c and then introduced into a glass-or silica-lined reaction column. There are several places in the reaction tower where 75% nitric acid can be injected into the internal propane gas. The reaction temperature is adjusted to 390-440 ℃, the pressure is 0.69-0.86MPa, and the molar ratio of propane to nitric acid is 5:1, the gas from the reaction column is cooled by the condenser, and the nitropropane is condensed with dilute nitric acid. The propane and gaseous oxides are recovered by the recovery column and the propane is recycled. The resulting product was nitromethane 10%-30%, nitroethane 20%-25%, 1-nitropropane 25%, 2-nitropropane 40%. The product can also be obtained by nitration of propylene. Nitropropane can also be obtained from unsaturated hydrocarbons such as propylene by gas phase or liquid phase nitration, or by liquid phase nitration of saturated hydrocarbons. obtained by reacting propane with nitric acid under pressure. |
| category | flammable liquid |
| toxicity grade | poisoning |
| Acute toxicity | oral-rat LDL0: 720 mg/kg; Inhalation-mouse LC50:10g/m3/2 h |
| explosive hazard characteristics | explosive in case of strong oxidant |
| flammability hazard characteristics | in case of fire, high temperature, oxidant flammable; toxic NOx smoke from combustion |
| storage and transportation characteristics | The warehouse is ventilated and dried at low temperature; It is stored separately from oxidants and alkalis |
| extinguishing agent | dry powder, CO2, foam, 1211 extinguishing agent |
| Occupational Standard | TWA 90 mg/m3) |
| spontaneous combustion temperature | 802 ° F. |
| toxic substance data | information provided by: pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov (external link) |
| immediate life-and health-threatening concentration | 100 ppm |
Last Update：2024-04-10 22:29:15
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