2-methylpropan-2-aminium
tert-Butylamine
CAS: 75-64-9
Molecular Formula: C4H11N
2-methylpropan-2-aminium - Names and Identifiers
| Name | tert-Butylamine |
| Synonyms | t-BA erbumine Butylamine tert-Butylamine 2-AMINOISOBUTANE 2-methyl-2-propanamin 1,1-dimethylethanamine 2-Methyl-2-propanamine 1,1-Dimethylethylamine 2-Methyl-2-aminopropane 2-Amino-2-methylpropane 2-Propanamine,2-methyl- 2-methylpropan-2-aminium t-Butylamine 〔2-Amino-2-methylpropane〕 |
| CAS | 75-64-9 |
| EINECS | 200-888-1 |
| InChI | InChI=1/C4H11N/c1-4(2,3)5/h5H2,1-3H3/p+1 |
2-methylpropan-2-aminium - Physico-chemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | C4H11N |
| Molar Mass | 73.14 |
| Density | 0.696 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.) |
| Melting Point | -67 °C (lit.) |
| Boling Point | 46 °C (lit.) |
| Flash Point | −36.4°F |
| Water Solubility | MISCIBLE |
| Solubility | water: miscible1000g/L at 25°C |
| Vapor Presure | 5.7 psi ( 20 °C) |
| Vapor Density | 2.5 (vs air) |
| Appearance | Liquid |
| Color | Clear |
| Odor | Like ammonia. |
| Merck | 14,1545 |
| BRN | 605267 |
| pKa | 10.68(at 25℃) |
| PH | 12 (100g/l, H2O, 20℃) |
| Storage Condition | Store below +30°C. |
| Stability | Stable. Incompatible with strong acids, strong oxidizing agents. Highly flammable. |
| Sensitive | Air Sensitive |
| Explosive Limit | 1.5-9.2%(V) |
| Refractive Index | n20/D 1.377(lit.) |
| Physical and Chemical Properties | Colorless flammable liquid with ammonia odor. |
| Use | The rubber industry is used for the manufacture of rubber accelerators and the pharmaceutical industry for the manufacture of rifampicin. The pesticide industry is used for the manufacture of insecticides and fungicides. The dye industry is used in the manufacture of dye colorants. The organic industry is used as an intermediate in organic synthesis. Used as a chemical reagent in analytical chemistry. |
2-methylpropan-2-aminium - Risk and Safety
| Risk Codes | R11 - Highly Flammable R20/22 - Harmful by inhalation and if swallowed. R35 - Causes severe burns R25 - Toxic if swallowed R20 - Harmful by inhalation R52/53 - Harmful to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. |
| Safety Description | S16 - Keep away from sources of ignition. S26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. S36/37/39 - Wear suitable protective clothing, gloves and eye/face protection. S45 - In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label whenever possible.) S28A - S61 - Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions / safety data sheets. |
| UN IDs | UN 3286 3/PG 2 |
| WGK Germany | 1 |
| RTECS | EO3330000 |
| FLUKA BRAND F CODES | 2-10 |
| TSCA | Yes |
| HS Code | 29211980 |
| Hazard Class | 3 |
| Packing Group | II |
| Toxicity | LD50 orally in Rabbit: 80 mg/kg |
2-methylpropan-2-aminium - Nature
Open Data Verified Data
colorless flammable liquid with ammonia odor. The relative density was 0. 6958. Boiling point 44.4 °c. Melting Point -72. 65 °c. Refractive index 3784. Flash point 10 °c. Miscible with water and ethanol, soluble in common organic solvents.
Last Update：2024-01-02 23:10:35
2-methylpropan-2-aminium - Preparation Method
Open Data Verified Data
There are mainly the following production routes.
- with tert-butyl alcohol and urea as raw materials in sulfuric acid condensation, hydrolysis, tert-butyl urea, and then 40% of sodium hydroxide neutralization, water washing, filter dry, add liquid alkali, ethylene glycol mixed heating, the distillate at 40-60 ° C. Was collected, and then the Solid alkali was dried, fractionated at atmospheric pressure, and the fraction at 44-47 ° C. Was cut to obtain the final tert-butylamine product.
- tert-butylamine from Isobutene-hydrocyanic acid. First, isobutylene is reacted with hydrocyanic acid to form tert-butylamine sulfate, and then neutralized with ammonia to prepare tert-butylamine, and the by-product ammonium bisulfate .
- According to the relevant information, tert-butylamine in addition to the above method, there are the following methods: trimethylacetamide as raw material with bromine and potassium hydroxide reduction; Tert-butyl chloride and ethanol, ammonia co-thermal method.
Last Update：2022-01-01 10:35:15
2-methylpropan-2-aminium - Use
Open Data Verified Data
This product is used as a raw material for organic synthesis, for the synthesis of medicines (such as rifampicin), pesticides, fungicides, rubber vulcanization accelerator and dye colorants, can also be used as a solvent.
Last Update：2022-01-01 10:35:15
2-methylpropan-2-aminium - Safety
Open Data Verified Data
- This product is moderately toxic and has irritating effects on eyes and skin. According to the general amine compounds protection. See n-butylamine.
- This product is packed in polyethylene plastic barrel, 25kg per barrel, and reinforced with wooden cases during transportation. It can also be shipped by tank car and storage tank. Store in a cool and ventilated place. Because of its low boiling point, volatile, suitable for winter low temperature transport.
Last Update：2022-01-01 10:35:16
2-methylpropan-2-aminium - Reference Information
| olfactory Threshold | 0.17ppm |
| NIST chemical information | information provided by: webbook.nist.gov (external link) |
| EPA chemical substance information | information provided by: ofmpeb.epa.gov (external link) |
| description | colorless liquid, flammable, irritating and corrosive to the human body. Miscible with water and ethanol. Can be from tert-butyl alcohol and urea as raw materials in sulfuric acid condensation hydrolysis of tert-butyl urea, and then with alkaline ethylene glycol hydrolysis of this product; Or from tert-butyl chloride and ethanol ammonia co-heating. Mainly used as rubber additives, pesticides, fungicides, dyes, pharmaceutical and other intermediates. |
| preparation method | 1. Tert-butyl urea sulfate was produced by hydrolysis of urea, tert-butyl alcohol, isobutylene and 93% sulfuric acid solution at 10~20 ℃, tert-butylamine is then produced by neutralization with caustic soda to give tert-butylurea, which is then hydrolyzed in alkaline form at high temperature or in a high-boiling solvent. It is also reported in the literature that the production cost can be reduced by using the hydrolysis of tert-butyl urea by caustic hydrolysis, using water instead of high boiling point solvent as the reaction medium, and using caustic soda to hydrolyze tert-butyl urea. Its shortcomings are: the hydrolysis process requires high temperature or high boiling point solvent, there is a high boiling point solvent difficult to recover the problem; A large number of strong acid, strong alkali use, equipment corrosion and serious environmental pollution; the product quality and yield is not high. At present, the law has been eliminated in foreign countries. 2. Isobutene (IBE)-hydrocyanic acid (HCN) method from HCN with IBE, water in sulfuric acid catalyzed addition reaction, or HCN with tert-butyl alcohol, water substitution reaction, the corresponding amine is obtained by hydrolysis, and this method is also called Rader reaction. IBE reacts with sulfuric acid to produce tert-butyl bisulfate, and then reacts with HCN to form tert-butyl formamide, which is hydrolyzed to form tert-butyl amine. The process is simple, The product quality is good. The main disadvantage is the use of highly toxic hydrogen cyanide, does not meet the requirements of the green process, the environment and production pressure, high production cost. 3.N-tert-butylformamide hydrolysis method this method is mainly isobutene and cyanide reaction to obtain tert-butyramide, then with NaOH hydrolysis can be obtained by tert-butylamine and the corresponding carboxylic acid. Bayer company developed this process, from phenylacetonitrile and isobutylene reaction of N-tert-butylphenylacetamide, by alkali hydrolysis of tert-butylamine and phenylacetate, reaction temperature of 260 ℃, the pressure was 5.0MPa. N-tert-butylphenylacetamide can also be obtained by the reaction of phenylacetonitrile and tert-butyl alcohol under the catalysis of sulfuric acid. Under alkaline conditions, N-tert-butylacetamide is hydrolyzed to form tert-butylamine and sodium phenylacetate. The tert-butylamine is distilled out, and the residual liquid is neutralized with acid to separate phenylacetic acid. |
| Use | for synthetic rubber accelerators, pesticides, pharmaceuticals, surfactants, etc. The rubber industry is used in the manufacture of rubber accelerators, the pharmaceutical industry is used in the manufacture of rifampicin. The pesticide industry is used for the manufacture of insecticides and fungicides. The dye industry is used in the manufacture of dye colorants. The organic industry is used as an intermediate in organic synthesis. Used as a chemical reagent in analytical chemistry. tert-butylamine is an intermediate for the preparation of butyletherurea and can also be used as an intermediate for pharmaceuticals, rubber accelerators and dye colorants. organic synthesis of raw materials, used in the synthesis of medicine, rubber vulcanization accelerator, pesticides, fungicides and dye colorants, can also be used as a solvent. Can be used for the production of rifampicin, N-tert-butyl -2-benzothiazole sulfenamide, tert-butyl aminoethanol methacrylate etc. The production and consumption of n-tert-butyl-2-benzothiazole sulfenamide (accelerator NS) in the United States is large, accounting for 40% of the total amount of thiazole vulcanization chemicals (including vulcanizing agents and vulcanization accelerators), the promoter NS is prepared by oxidative condensation of the promoter m or DM with T-butylamine. Since the scale of tertiary butylamine production in China is not formed, the industrial production of secondary feed agent NS is affected. |
| production method | 1. Tert-butyl urea is obtained by condensation and hydrolysis of tert-butyl alcohol and urea in sulfuric acid, then neutralized with 40% sodium hydroxide, washed with water and filtered dry, mixed with liquid alkali and ethylene glycol and heated, the distillate at 40-60 ° C. Was collected, and then the Solid alkali was dried, fractionated at atmospheric pressure, and the 44-47 ° C. Fraction was cut to obtain the final tert-butylamine product. Raw material consumption quota: tert-butanol (98%)2400kg/t, urea 2400kg/t, concentrated sulfuric acid (98%)460kg/t. 2. Isobutylene-hydrocyanic acid method of tert-butylamine first isobutylene and hydrocyanic acid reaction, the formation of tert-butylamine sulfate, and then neutralized with ammonia, the preparation of tert-butylamine, at the same time by-product ammonium bisulfate 3. According to the relevant information, tert-butylamine in addition to the above method, there are the following methods: three methyl acetamide as raw material with bromine and potassium hydroxide reduction; Tert-butyl chloride and ethanol, ammonia, etc. tert-butylamine is obtained from tert-butyl alcohol by condensation and hydrolysis. (1) condensation of tert-butyl alcohol and urea condensation of tert-butyl urea. (CH3)3COH [NH2CONH2]→(CH3)3-NHCONH2 sulfuric acid is added into the dry reaction pot, stirred and cooled, urea is added slowly at 15~25 ℃, T-Butanol is added at 20~25 ℃, the mixture was stirred for 0.5h and left overnight. Put the reactant into ice water, add 20% sodium hydroxide solution to neutralize to pH = 3~4, cool to 15~17 ℃ and filter, wash with ice water, add water to the filter cake to boil and dissolve, filter while hot, the filtrate was cooled to 0-5 °c to precipitate crystals, which were filtered and dried to obtain tert-butyl urea. (2) Hydrolysis (CH3)3C-NHCONH2[NaOH]→[H2O] (CH3)3C-NH2 sodium hydroxide solution, tert-butyl urea and ethylene glycol were added to the reaction pot and heated to reflux for 4 hours. The reactants were distilled and the 40-90 °c fraction was collected to give crude tert-butylamine. A small amount of solid sodium hydroxide was added and dried overnight, followed by crude distillation. Fractions at 43-52 °c were collected to obtain purified tert-butylamine. The Rohm-Haas Company in the United States uses isobutylene as a raw material, and the product is neutralized with ammonia after the reaction with hydrocyanic acid. |
| category | flammable liquid |
| toxicity grade | high toxicity |
| Acute toxicity | oral-rat LD50: 78 mg/kg; Oral-mouse LD50: 900 mg/kg |
| explosive hazard characteristics | explosive when mixed with air; And 2, 2-dibromo-1, abnormal reaction of 3-dimethylcyclopropionic acid |
| flammability hazard characteristics | in case of fire, high temperature, oxidant flammable; toxic NOx smoke from combustion |
| storage and transportation characteristics | The warehouse is ventilated and dried at low temperature; It is stored separately from oxidants and acids; |
| extinguishing agent | dry powder, carbon dioxide, foam |
| Occupational Standard | TWA 15 mg/m3; Tel 75 mg/m3 |
| spontaneous combustion temperature | 716 ° F. |
| toxic substance data | information provided by: pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov (external link) |
Last Update：2024-04-09 20:52:54
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