Molecular Formula | C13H20N2O3S.ClH |
Molar Mass | 320.839 |
Melting Point | 177-178° |
Boling Point | 440.6°C at 760 mmHg |
Flash Point | 220.3°C |
Solubility | H2O: soluble20mg/mL, clear |
Vapor Presure | 5.79E-08mmHg at 25°C |
Appearance | powder |
Color | white to beige |
Storage Condition | Keep in dark place,Inert atmosphere,2-8°C |
Stability | Hygroscopic |
In vitro study | The maximum drug concentration after submucosal injection of 80 mg of 4% Articaine occurs after 10 to 15 minutes. The elimination half-life of Articaine is about 20 minutes. Compared with other local anesthetics, Articaine is better able to diffuse in soft tissue and bone tissue, and the concentration of Articaine in the groove after maxillary tooth extraction is 100 times higher than that in the systemic circulation. The Articaine: VAS (visual analog scale) simple procedure score (from 0 to 10cm) was 0.5 and the complex procedure score was 1.1 for patients aged 4 to 13 years, the corresponding mean investigator scores were 0.4 and 0.6, respectively. There were no serious adverse events associated with Articaine, and the only adverse event associated with Articaine was an accidental lip injury in one patient. Experiments in healthy adult volunteers have shown that injection of 4% Articaine can produce a 64.5% success rate in endodontic electrical testing. Compared with lidocaine, Articaine penetration can make the first molar tooth more unresponsive to maximal stimulation. 4% Articaine and epinephrine had a better effect on the buccal side of the mandible than 2% lidocaine and epinephrine. The success rate of Articaine (4%) for inferior alveolar nerve blockade in a randomized double-blind trial was 24%. Experiments in healthy volunteers have shown that the success rate of Articaine in producing endodontic anesthesia ranges from 75% to 92%, and the time to effect is 4.2 to 4.7 minutes. For Articaine application, swelling was reported in 4% and no contusion was reported. Numbness of the lips occurred in 98% of Articaine users. |
In vivo study | The treatment of patients with irreversible pulpitis by Articaine is in Phase 4. |
Hazard Symbols | Xi - Irritant |
Risk Codes | 36/37/38 - Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin. |
Safety Description | 26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. |
WGK Germany | 3 |
HS Code | 2934990002 |
Hazard Class | IRRITANT |
Toxicity | LD50 i.v. in mice: 37 mg/kg (Muschaweck, Rippel) |
use | altecaine hydrochloride is a short-acting local anesthetic based on amide, used for local anesthesia in daily situations, such as arthroscopy, hand, food surgery and dentistry. |
biological activity | Articaine (Ultracaine) is a dental local anesthetic containing an additional ester group that can be metabolized by esterases in blood and tissues. |