25249-54-1
Polyvinylpolypyrrolidone cross-linked
CAS: 25249-54-1
Molecular Formula: C6H9NO
25249-54-1 - Names and Identifiers
| Name | Polyvinylpolypyrrolidone cross-linked |
| Synonyms | PVPD PVPP K-30 PVP K-30 POLYVIDONE POLYVIDONUM PVP cross-linked Povidone cross-linked POLYVINYLPOLYPYRROLIDONE 1-ethenylpyrrolidin-2-one POLYVINYLPYRROLIDONE CROSS LINKED Polyvinylpyrrolidone cross-linked Polyvinylpolypyrrolidone cross-linked |
| CAS | 25249-54-1 |
| EINECS | 607-660-4 |
| InChI | InChI=1/C6H9NO/c1-2-7-5-3-4-6(7)8/h2H,1,3-5H2 |
25249-54-1 - Physico-chemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | C6H9NO |
| Molar Mass | 111.14176 |
| Density | 1.144g/cm3 |
| Melting Point | ~165°C (dec.)(lit.) |
| Boling Point | 217.6°C at 760 mmHg |
| Flash Point | 93.9°C |
| Water Solubility | Insoluble in water, acid and alkaline. |
| Vapor Presure | 0.132mmHg at 25°C |
| Appearance | Crystallization |
| Color | White to off-white |
| Storage Condition | Room Temprature |
| Refractive Index | 1.593 |
| MDL | MFCD00149016 |
25249-54-1 - Risk and Safety
| Safety Description | S22 - Do not breathe dust. S24/25 - Avoid contact with skin and eyes. |
| WGK Germany | 1 |
| RTECS | TR8370000 |
| HS Code | 39059900 |
25249-54-1 - Reference
| Reference Show more | 1. Wang Yingying, Zhang Zhihui, Li Yang, et al. Determination of prescription of strychnine total alkaloid resin microcapsule dispersible tablets [J]. Chinese medicine information, 2014, 31(006):58-60. 2. Ji Shujuan, Dong Ling, Zhou Xin, Li Rui, Cheng Shunchang. Effect of Salicylic Acid on Ester Aroma of Nanguo Pear Treated with 1-MCP after Cold Storage and Its Mechanism [J]. Journal of China Food Science, 2016,16(06):167-173. 3. Zhang Liping, Ji Shujuan. Effect of Ethephon on Aroma and Key Enzyme Activity in Aroma Synthesis of Nanguo Pear Treated with 1-MCP after Cold Storage [J]. Food Science, 2013, 34(10):294-298. 4. Tang Xiaomeng, Luo Jinqian, Wang Wuqing, Gu Yongwei, Liu Jiyong. Preparation and in vitro release of colon-targeting capsules from Atractylodes macrosamoides and Huanglian pellets [J]. Journal of Pharmaceutical Practice, 2021,39(01):29-34. 5. Wei, Yulong, et al. "Exploring the biochemical properties of three polyphenol oxidases from blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.)." Food Chemistry 344 (2021): 128678.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem. 2020.128678 6. [IF=4.465] Zhou Xin et al."Effect of Intermittent Warming on Aroma-Related Esters of 'Nanguo' Pears Through Regulation of Unsaturated Fatty Acid Synthesis After Cold Storage."Food Bioprocess Tech. 2020 Jul;13(7):1119-1130 7. [IF=4.162] Xiaomeng Tang et al."Orally Deliverable Dual-Targeted Pellets for the Synergistic Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis."Drug Des Dev Ther. 2021; 15: 4105-4123 |
25249-54-1 - Nature
Open Data Verified Data
- Cross-linked polyethylene is a kind of thermosetting plastic with network structure, it has outstanding wear resistance, solvent resistance, dimensional stability, stress cracking resistance, anti-aging and weather resistance, non-toxic, tasteless, non-absorbent; Low-temperature flexibility, excellent heat resistance, softening point up to 200 ℃, can be used for a long time at 140 ℃; Impact strength, tensile strength, the creep resistance and rigidity are better than HDPE, and the elastic modulus is 5 times higher than HDPE. It has excellent electrical insulation, low temperature resistance, chemical stability and radiation resistance. The film has moderate transparency and sufficient water vapor permeability. Cross-linked polyethylene by heating, blowing (stretching), cooling set, when re-heated to the crystallization temperature above, can naturally return to the original shape and size (I. E., a shape memory). The cross-linked polyethylene commonly used in industry includes radiation cross-linked polyethylene, peroxide cross-linked polyethylene and silane cross-linked polyethylene. Properties of radiation crosslinked polyethylene film
- organic peroxide cross-linked polyethylene is structurally different from thermoplastic, thermosetting resin and vulcanized rubber. It has a body structure but is not completely cross-linked, and the cross-linked area is very small, unlike vulcanized rubber, it has a large cross-linked network, so it has the characteristics of the three in performance, that is, it has thermal plasticity, hardness, good solvent resistance, high elasticity and excellent low temperature resistance. Whether it is high-density polyethylene or low-density polyethylene, after cross-linking, its tensile strength, heat resistance, anti-aging and weather resistance, dimensional stability, stress cracking resistance, wear resistance and solvent resistance are improved, and the creep resistance is excellent. The softening point of cross-linked polyethylene can reach 200, and the heat resistance can reach 140. In addition, it has excellent electrical insulation, low temperature resistance and radiation resistance. Properties of peroxide cross-linked polyethylene.
Last Update：2024-01-02 23:10:35
25249-54-1 - Preparation Method
Open Data Verified Data
The cross-linking process of polyethylene can be basically divided into two types: physical method and chemical method.
- physical cross-linked cross-linked polyethylene was first introduced in the United States in 455, using radiation cross-linking method. Physical methods are characterized by the use of external sources of radiation, typically electromagnetic radiation. (1)a radiation is derived from radioisotopes or high-energy electron beams. (2)B radiation source accelerator, using accelerated electrons or electromagnetic waves. (3) gamma radiation is derived from the Co isotope. Gamma radiation is commonly used in laboratory studies, and in actual production is generally used only for thin films and thin bottles. Typically produced using electromagnetic beams (-B rays) generated by large accelerators, penetrating 1-3mm thick polyethylene requires energy of (0.88-1-6) x 10 -13J, respectively. The main advantage of radiation crosslinking is that it belongs to a post-crosslinking technology, which is easy to realize automation of production and high-speed extrusion. The disadvantage of this is that the depth of cross-linking is limited, for circular objects it is necessary to rotate or simultaneously use several radiation sources; The equipment investment is large. In actual production, radiation crosslinking is usually used for wire coating, film and foam materials, and rarely used for pipe production.
- chemical crosslinking there are three types of chemical crosslinking: azo compound crosslinking, peroxide crosslinking and silane crosslinking. (1) the method of azo compound crosslinking is to mix the azo compound into polyethylene and extrude it at a temperature lower than the decomposition temperature of the azo compound. The extrudate is passed through a high temperature salt bath, and the azo compound is decomposed to form a free radical, cross-linking of polyethylene was initiated. (2) peroxide cross-linking the peroxide mixed into the polyethylene is decomposed into free radicals in the extrusion process, which causes the polyethylene polymer chain to form active free radicals and cross-linking occurs. This technology requires high-pressure extrusion equipment to make the cross-linking reaction in the barrel, or to form the product at a lower temperature, and then use far infrared heating or other rapid heating methods to heat the product, thereby, a cross-linked article is produced. There are three main methods for producing HDPE cross-linked pipe by peroxide method: Engel method, Ponta a Mou-son method and The daopas method. The Engel process can be used to produce higher molecular weight polyethylene (density about 0. 950g/cm3) with a molecular weight of about 500000, mixed with peroxide and fed into a plunger extruder. At a high pressure of about 20 to 50MPA, the polyethylene powder is agglomerated into blocks, which pass through the heating die, and the cross-linking reaction occurs above the melting point, and thus the structure is quite uniform. This method has been used to produce 315 tubes. The Ponta Mouson process uses a slightly lower molecular weight (200000-500000) polyethylene, mixed with peroxide, and extruded into a tube. The cross-linking reaction was carried out in a salt bath at a temperature in excess of 200 °c. The peroxide in The Daoplas process is not directly mixed into The polyethylene, but The extruded HDPE pipe is passed through a medium containing peroxide, and The peroxide is incorporated into The pipe. Organic peroxide cross-linked polyethylene is polyethylene with organic peroxide as a cross-linking agent, decomposition under the action of heat to generate a highly active radical. These free radicals generate active sites on the carbon chain of the polymer and produce a carbon-carbon crosslink to form a cross-linked polyethylene. The organic peroxides used are dicumyl peroxide, di-tert-butyl peroxide and 2,5-di-tert-butyl -2,5-dimethyl peroxide hexane and so on. Different peroxides are selected according to the type of polyethylene to be cross-linked and the equipment of the cross-linking process. Generally, when cross-linked low-density polyethylene is used, dicumyl peroxide capable of reacting at 132c is used; When cross-linked highly filled low-density polyethylene and high-density polyethylene are used, 2, which can be processed at 144 ℃, 5 One or two Tert Butyl 2,5-= methyl peroxide hexane as crosslinking agent. The polyethylene is mixed with suitable additives such as organic peroxides, carbon black and other inorganic fillers, and after mixing and granulation, it is processed into a product by a suitable molding process. Then the product after a period of heat treatment, so that the occurrence of cross-linking, can be obtained cross-linked polyethylene products. In addition, when compression molding is used, cross-linking and molding can be accomplished in one step.
Last Update：2022-01-01 11:07:13
25249-54-1 - Standard
Authoritative Data Verified Data
This product is a crosslinked water-insoluble homopolymer synthesized from n-ethyl-2-pyrrolidone. The molecular formula is (Q K N O h, where n represents the average number of 1-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone moieties. The nitrogen (N) should be from 11.0% to 12.8% in terms of anhydrous.
Last Update：2024-01-02 23:10:35
25249-54-1 - Trait
Authoritative Data Verified Data
- This product is white or off-white powder; Almost odorless; With hygroscopicity.
- This product is insoluble in water, ethanol, three gas methane or ether.
Last Update：2022-01-01 11:22:13
25249-54-1 - Use
Open Data Verified Data
It is mainly used as a covering layer for electric wires and cables. Also used in the manufacture of motors, transformers and other high-voltage, high-frequency heat-resistant insulation materials, wire, cable coating and insulation sheath, food packaging film and shrink film and sleeve. In recent years, it is widely used in various pipes (such as hot water pipes), corrosion-resistant parts of chemical production equipment, containers, foam plastics and flame retardant materials.
Last Update：2022-01-01 11:07:14
25249-54-1 - Differential diagnosis
Authoritative Data Verified Data
- take l g of this product, add 10ml of water, shake to disperse into suspension, add iodine test solution 0 .1ml, shake for 30 seconds, add starch indicator liquid lm l, shake, should be no blue.
- The infrared absorption spectrum of this product should be consistent with that of the reference product (General rule 0402).
Last Update：2022-01-01 11:22:13
25249-54-1 - Safety
Open Data Verified Data
see ba007. The outer layer of product packaging is polypropylene woven bag or carton, and the net weight of each bag is (25. 00±0. 25) kg. Products should be stored in a clean and dry warehouse, and can be transported by train, car, ship, etc. During the storage and transportation process should pay attention to fire, waterproof, sun protection, dust and
Prevention of pollution, etc. Transport should be stored in a clean covered compartment, not with flammable aromatic hydrocarbons, halogenated hydrocarbons and other organic solvents mixed transport, handling must not use iron hooks.
Last Update：2022-01-01 11:07:14
25249-54-1 - Exam
Authoritative Data Verified Data
pH
take 1. 0 g of this product, add 0631 ml of water and stir to make a uniform suspension, and determine according to law (General rule 5.0),p H value should be 8.0.
soluble in water
Take 2 5.0g of this product, put it in a beaker, add 20Gml of water, stir for 1 hour, transfer it quantitatively to a 250ml measuring flask with water, dilute it to the scale with water, and shake it well, stand Still (usually not more than 24 hours), take the upper layer of solution, centrifuge for 30 minutes (3500 rpm), take the supernatant through 0.45(^ 111 filter filter filtration, take the continued filtrate 50ml with precision, in a beaker which had been dried at 105°C for 3 hours and weighed, evaporated to dryness and dried at 105°C for 3 hours, 50mg(1.0%) of residue could not be left behind. Jv-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone take about 1-25g of this product, precision weighing, precision adding 50ml of water, shaking to disperse, tamping, shaking for 1 hour, after standing, the supernatant was filtered, and the filtrate was continued to be used as the test solution. An appropriate amount of the IV-ethylene -2-pyrrolidone reference was taken, and the sample was accurately weighed, dissolve and dilute with the mobile phase to make a solution containing approximately 0.25 Kun per 1 m l as a control solution. Take an appropriate amount of n-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone reference substance and vinyl acetate, methanol was added to dissolve and prepare a solution containing n-ethylene-2-pyrrolidone 1 m and vinyl acetate 50 K per 1 l as a system suitability test solution. According to the determination by high performance liquid chromatography (General rule 0512), silica gel bonded with eighteen alkyl silane was used as a filler, acetonitrile-water (8 : 92) was used as a mobile phase, and the detection wavelength was 235mn. The system suitability test solution 20fJ is injected into the liquid chromatograph, and the chromatogram is recorded. The resolution between the peak of jv-ethylene-2-pyrrolidone and the peak of vinyl acetate shall be in accordance with the regulations. Measure 2 ul of the test solution and the reference solution, inject into the liquid chromatograph, record the chromatogram, and calculate the peak area according to the external standard method, and shall not exceed 0.001%.
peroxide
operation at 20-25°C. Take 2.0g of this product, add 50ml of water to make a suspension, which is divided into two parts, one of which is added with the third gasification of titanium sulfuric acid solution (15% titanium chloride solution 20ml, carefully mix with 13ml sulfuric acid in ice bath, add appropriate amount of concentrated hydrogen peroxide solution until yellow color appears, heat up until white smoke, let cool, dilute with water repeatedly and evaporate until the solution is nearly colorless, add water to give a colorless solution, and add water to 2.0ml, filtered) ml, shake, place for 30 minutes, as a test solution; The other part plus 1 3% (V /V) sulfuric acid solution 2.0m l, shake, placed for 30 minutes, as a blank solution, according to UV-visible spectrophotometry (General rule 0401), at the wavelength of 405mn, not more than 0.35 (equivalent to 0. 04% of H202).
moisture
take this product, according to the determination of moisture (General 0832), the water content shall not exceed 5.0%.
ignition residue
take 2.0g of this product and check it according to law (General Rule 0 8 4 1). The residue shall not exceed 0.1%.
Heavy metals
The residue left under the item of taking the ignition residue shall not contain more than 10 parts per million of heavy metal when examined by law (General Principles 0821, Law II).
arsenic salt
take this product l. Put it in a Kjeldahl Flask, add 5ml sulfuric acid, heat it under small fire until complete carbonization (sulfuric acid can be added if necessary, the total amount is not more than 10ml), slowly add concentrated hydrogen peroxide solution Dropwise until the reaction stops, continue heating, and add concentrated hydrogen peroxide solution Dropwise until the solution is colorless, let it cool, add 10ml of water, remove hydrogen peroxide by evaporation, add 5ml of hydrochloric acid and appropriate amount of water, and check according to law (General rule 0822), should comply with the provisions (not over 0. 0002%).
Last Update：2022-01-01 11:22:14
25249-54-1 - Molding Process
Open Data Verified Data
The organic peroxide cross-linked polyethylene can be molded in general plastic and rubber processing equipment. Because the mixing and molding temperature must be higher than the melting temperature of the resin, but also lower than the decomposition temperature of the peroxide, therefore, must be equipped with a precise temperature control instrument, the kneading temperature should be maintained in the range of 110 to 149 °c. When low-density polyethylene is used, it is usually formed at 116 to 121 °c.
In the production of electric wires and cables, since the wire itself can act as a support, the cross-linked polyethylene coated on its surface can be cross-linked by direct steam through a continuous fluidizer.
Last Update：2022-01-01 11:07:15
25249-54-1 - Content determination
Authoritative Data Verified Data
take this product about G, precision weighing, according to the nitrogen determination method (General 0704 second method) determination, calculation, that is.
Last Update：2022-01-01 11:22:15
25249-54-1 - Category
Authoritative Data Verified Data
pharmaceutical excipients, disintegrants and fillers.
Last Update：2022-01-01 11:22:15
25249-54-1 - Storage
Authoritative Data Verified Data
protect from light, seal, and store in the dark.
Last Update：2022-01-01 11:22:15
25249-54-1 - Reference Information
| application field | cross-linked polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVPP) is a cross-linked polymer insoluble in water, strong acid, strong base and general organic solvent formed by polymerization of vinyl pyrrolidone monomer under specific conditions. As an important polymer fine chemical product, PVPP has many excellent and unique properties and has been widely used in cosmetics, food, medicine and other fields. |
| properties | crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVPP) can be regarded as cross-linking linear PVP molecular chains through physical or chemical methods. PVPP obtained by different synthesis methods has different properties due to different crosslinking methods and degree of crosslinking. According to the different degree of crosslinking, PVPP is characterized by super absorbent resin (low degree of crosslinking), absorbent gel (medium degree of crosslinking) and insoluble substance (high degree of crosslinking). Compared with PVP, PVP is a water-soluble polymer, while PVPP can only swell in water. |
| synthesis method | structurally, PVPP can be regarded as a cross-linked polymer formed by mutual crosslinking of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) molecular chains with linear molecular structure through physical or chemical methods. Commonly used crosslinking methods are: N-vinylpyrrolidone (NVP) crosslinking method, NVP self-crosslinking polymerization method (bructae flower polymerization) and compounds with multiple unsaturated groups (such as bifunctional crosslinking agent) and NVP crosslinking copolymerization method. The crosslinking agents commonly used in polymerization mainly include alkylene bisacrylamide (such as N, N-methylene bisacrylamide, etc.), divinyl aromatic compounds (such as divinylbenzene, divinylethylbenzene, etc.). |
| use | used in beverage and pharmaceutical industries due to the high molecular weight and cross-linked structure of crosslinked povidone, it is insoluble in water but can quickly promote its network structure to expand and disintegrate when exposed to water. it is widely used as a disintegrant for tablets in medicine, and is also widely used as a suspension stabilizer and a complexing agent for pharmaceutical ingredients, complexing agent for tannins and polyphenols in plant drugs Crosslinking polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP-P) can form complexes with phenols and alkaloids, thereby removing them from plant samples, thus preventing The modification and interference of the protein in order to more accurately determine the protein content. It is also reported that crosslinking polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP-P) can improve enzyme activity. |
Last Update：2024-04-09 21:21:28
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