Name | Ginsenoside Rk3 |
Synonyms | Ginsenoside Rk3 Ginsenoside Rk3 standard β-D-Glucopyranoside, (3β,6α,12β)-3,12-dihydroxydammara-20,24-dien-6-yl |
CAS | 364779-15-7 |
Molecular Formula | C36H60O8 |
Molar Mass | 620.87 |
Density | 1.20±0.1 g/cm3 (20 ºC 760 Torr) |
Boling Point | 722.4±60.0 °C(Predicted) |
Solubility | Soluble in methanol, DMSO, pyridine, insoluble in water |
Appearance | White powder |
pKa | 12.91±0.70(Predicted) |
Storage Condition | -20℃ |
MDL | MFCD23379928 |
Physical and Chemical Properties | White powder, soluble in methanol, ethanol, DMSO and other organic solvents, derived from ginseng. |
In vitro study | Ginsenoside Rk3 exerts the strong activity inhibiting NF-κB in a dose-dependent manner. HepG2 cells are pre-treated with different ginsenosides at concentrations ranging from 0.01 to 10 μM for 1 h, and induced with TNF-α for 20 h. Ginsenoside Rk3 significantly inhibits TNF-α-induced NF-κB transcriptional activity, with an IC 50 of 14.24±1.30 μM. Ginsenoside Rk3 significantly inhibits TNF-α-induced NF-κB transcriptional activity, with an IC 50 of 15.32±0.29 μM in SK-Hep1 cells, consistent with the data from HepG2 cells. Consistent with the inhibition of NF-κB, Ginsenoside Rk3 inhibits the induction of IL8 , CXCL1 , iNOS , and ICAM1 mRNA significantly in a dose-dependent manner. |
In vivo study | The inhibitory effects of Ginsenoside Rk3 (Rk3) on tumor progression are studied in vivo using a H460 xenograft model in nude mice. Compared with the control group, a significant inhibition of tumor growth (volume) is observed in the Ginsenoside Rk3-treated group. Twenty-one days after treatment initiation, tumor growth is significantly inhibited by approximately 62.99% in the mice receiving 20 mg/kg Ginsenoside Rk3, similar to the inhibitory effect observed in the 20 mg/kg Gefitinib-treated group (57.21%). Compared with the control group, tumor growth is moderately inhibited in the mice receiving 10 and 5 mg/kg Ginsenoside Rk3, with inhibition rates of 32.54% and 11.84%, respectively. |
Reference Show more | 1. Qin, Z., Jia, M., Yang, J. et al. Multiple circulating alkaloids and saponins from intravenous Kang-Ai injection inhibit human cytochrome P450 and UDP-glucuronosyltransferase isozymes: potential drug–drug interactions. Chin Med 15, 69 (2020). https://doi.o 2. Jin, Wenqi, et al. "Ginsenoside Rd attenuates ACTH-induced corticosterone secretion by blocking the MC2R-cAMP/PKA/CREB pathway in Y1 mouse adrenocortical cells." Life sciences 245 (2020): 117337.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117337 3. Joo, Kyung-Mi, et al. "Pharmacokinetic study of ginsenoside Re with pure ginsenoside Re and ginseng berry extracts in mouse using ultra performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometric method." Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis 51.1 (20 4. [IF=6.06] Jiahong Han et al."Compatibility effects of ginseng and Ligustrum lucidum Ait herb pair on hematopoietic recovery in mice with cyclophosphamide-induced myelosuppression and its material basis."J Ginseng Res. 2020 Mar;44:291 5. [IF=5.34] Shan-Shan Zhou et al."Stronger anti-obesity effect of white ginseng over red ginseng and the potential mechanisms involving chemically structural/compositional specificity to gut microbiota."Phytomedicine. 2020 Aug;74:152761 6. [IF=3.935] Shan-Shan Zhou et al."Synchronous characterization of carbohydrates and ginsenosides yields deeper insights into the processing chemistry of ginseng."J Pharmaceut Biomed. 2017 Oct;145:59 7. [IF=6.06] Zhenzhuo Li et al."Ginsenosides repair UVB-induced skin barrier damage in BALB/c hairless mice and HaCaT keratinocytes."J Ginseng Res. 2021 May;: 8. [IF=5.396] Hui Wang et al."Ginsenoside extract from ginseng extends lifespan and health span in Caenorhabditis elegans."Food Funct. 2021 Aug;12(15):6793-6808 9. [IF=5.279] Linlin Qu et al."Ginsenoside Rk3 Suppresses Hepatocellular Carcinoma Development through Targeting the Gut-Liver Axis."J Agr Food Chem. 2021;69(35):10121–10137 10. [IF=4.411] Jianbo Chen et al."Neuroprotective Effects of Red Ginseng Saponins in Scopolamine-Treated Rats and Activity Screening Based on Pharmacokinetics."Molecules. 2019 Jan;24(11):2136 11. [IF=4.142] Wang Chenxi et al."Rapid discovery of potential ADR compounds from injection of total saponins from Panax notoginseng using data-independent acquisition untargeted metabolomics."Analytical And Bioanalytical Chemistry. 2021 Oct 26 12. [IF=3.647] Wenqi Jin et al."Ginsenoside Rd attenuates ACTH-induced corticosterone secretion by blocking the MC2R-cAMP/PKA/CREB pathway in Y1 mouse adrenocortical cells."Life Sci. 2020 Mar;245:117337 13. [IF=3.645] Mengmeng Jia et al."UHPLC coupled with mass spectrometry and chemometric analysis of Kang-Ai injection based on the chemical characterization, simultaneous quantification, and relative quantification of 47 herbal alkaloids and saponins."J Sep Sci. 2020 Ju 14. [IF=3.361] Yuhao Zhang et al."An integrated approach for structural characterization of Gui Ling Ji by traveling wave ion mobility mass spectrometry and molecular network."Rsc Adv. 2021 Apr;11(26):15546-15556 15. [IF=3.105] Zhao Yan et al.Protopanaxadiol and Protopanaxatriol Ginsenosides Can Protect Against Aconitine-induced Injury in H9c2 Cells by Maintaining Calcium Homeostasis and Activating the AKT Pathway.J Cardiovasc Pharm. 2021 Nov;78(5):e690-e702 16. [IF=6.06] Qingxia Huang et al."Major ginsenosides from Panax ginseng promote aerobic cellular respiration and SIRT1-mediated mitochondrial biosynthesis in cardiomyocytes and neurons."J Ginseng Res. 2022 Feb;: |
Plant Source: | ginseng |
biological activity | Ginsenoside Rk3 is present in the roots of Panax notoginsen. Ginsenoside Rk3 inhibited TNF-α-induced NF-κB transcriptional activity in HepG2 cells with an IC50 value of 14.24±1.30 μm. |
Use | for content determination/identification/pharmacological experiments. Pharmacological Efficacy: May have cardiovascular, according to tumor activity ginsenoside RK3 exists in the processing of Panax notoginseng, is the main component of the commonly used compound preparation of ischemic heart disease. |