69-93-2
Uric acid
CAS: 69-93-2
Molecular Formula: C5H4N4O3
69-93-2 - Names and Identifiers
| Name | Uric acid |
| Synonyms | Uric acid 2,6,8-Trioxypurine 2,6,8-Trioxopurine 1H-Purine-2,6,8-triol PURINE-2,6,8(1H,3H,9H)-TRIONE Purine-3,6,8(1H,3H,9H)-trione 8(3h)-trione,7,9-dihydro-1h-purine-6 7,9-Dihydro-1H-purine-2,6,8(3H)-trione 6,8(3H)-trione,7,9-dihydro-1H-Purine-2 1H-Purine-2,6,8(3H)-trione,7,9-dihydro- 1H-Purine-2,6,8(3H)-trione, 7,9-dihydro- |
| CAS | 69-93-2 |
| EINECS | 200-720-7 |
| InChI | InChI=1/C5H4N4O3/c10-3-1-2(7-4(11)6-1)8-5(12)9-3/h(H4,6,7,8,9,10,11,12) |
69-93-2 - Physico-chemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | C5H4N4O3 |
| Molar Mass | 168.11 |
| Density | 1,9 g/cm3 |
| Melting Point | >300 °C (lit.) |
| Boling Point | 297.02°C (rough estimate) |
| Flash Point | 475.7°C |
| Water Solubility | Soluble in 1M sodium hydroxide solution. Slightly soluble in water. Insoluble in ether and alcohol. |
| Solubility | Slightly soluble in water, soluble in hot concentrated sulfuric acid and sodium hydroxide alkali solution, soluble in glycerin, sodium acetate and sodium phosphate, insoluble in alcohol and ether. |
| Vapor Presure | 2.63E-31mmHg at 25°C |
| Appearance | White or off-white powder or crystal |
| Color | White to off-white |
| Odor | Odorless |
| Merck | 14,9875 |
| BRN | 156158 |
| pKa | 3.89(at 12℃) |
| Storage Condition | Sealed in dry,2-8°C |
| Stability | Stable. Incompatible with acids, bases, oxidising agents. |
| Refractive Index | 1.9900 (estimate) |
| MDL | MFCD00005712 |
| Use | Used as a standard for the determination of uric acid |
| In vitro study | Uric acid is an endogenous antioxidant that scavenges reactive oxygen species (ROS) including singlet oxygen, oxygen radicals, and peroxynitrite. Incubation with indomethacin significantly increases malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in Caco-2 cells compare to those not treated indomethacin. Incubation with both indomethacin and Uric acid significantly decreases MDA levels compare to those grown in the presence of indomethacin alone. Co-treatment of cells with indomethacin and Uric acid significantly decreases ROS levels compare to those in cells incubated with indomethacin alone. Cell viability in Caco-2 cells treated with both indomethacin and Uric acid is higher than that in cells treated with indomethacin alone. Uric acid has a protective effect on indomethacin-induced intestinal cell changes through its antioxidant activity. |
| In vivo study | When mice treated with indomethacin are concurrently administered Uric acid orally, ulcer areas are significantly reduced, in a Uric acid dose-dependent manner. Indomethacin increases the ratio of crypt depth to villous height in the ileum, while the ratio is significantly lower when mice are concurrently administered Uric acid orally. Administration of indomethacin also increases the histopathological score of tissue damage in the small intestine, while mice concurrently administered Uric acid orally has a significantly lower histopathological score. The ileal levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) in indomethacin-induced enteropathy model mice orally administered Uric acid are also significantly lower than the levels in mice administered indomethacin alone. |
69-93-2 - Risk and Safety
| Hazard Symbols | Xi - Irritant |
| Risk Codes | R33 - Danger of cumulative effects R36/37/38 - Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin. |
| Safety Description | S24/25 - Avoid contact with skin and eyes. S36 - Wear suitable protective clothing. S26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. |
| WGK Germany | 3 |
| RTECS | YU7050080 |
| TSCA | Yes |
| HS Code | 29339900 |
| Toxicity | A nitrogenous end product and the principal excretory product of purine metabolism in mammals. In birds and reptiles, it is the principal end product of nitrogen metabolism in general. Defects in uric acid metabolism and excretion appear to be associated with a number of disease states, and it frequently occurs as a component of renal calculi. It has not been associated closely with toxic insults except in the case of lead poisoning. Lead causes an elevation in blood uric acid concentration (uric acidemia) and a decrease in uric acid excretion. |
69-93-2 - Reference
| Reference Show more | 1. Li Pengwei, Zhang Yao, Li Qinglian, etc. Electrochemical enzyme sensor based on three-dimensional graphene-Prussian blue for sensitive detection of uric acid [J]. Journal of Analytical Chemistry, 2019, 047(012): 338-1945. 2. Wan Dongmei, Zheng Yuzhi, long Yijuan, etc. Detection of uric acid based on papain peroxidase mimetic activity [J]. Analysis Laboratory, 2017, 10(v.36):22-25. 3. Zhang Jing, Yang Pingrong, Wang Yanping, etc. Simultaneous determination of uric acid and four purines in rose and other foods by high performance liquid chromatography [J]. Journal of Lanzhou University (Medical Sciences), 2019, 29 (3):28-33. 4. Li Jing, Liu Wen, Chen Chao, Yu Jinbao. Content difference of main chemical components in three different parts of psyllium and comparison of inhibitory effect of xanthine oxidase in vitro [J]. Practical clinical practice of integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine, 2018,18(07):174-176. 5. Liang, Ling-Ling, Kang-hong. Fluorescence labeling properties of two uranium complexes for biomolecules [J]. Chemical and Biological Engineering 2019(11). 6. Chen Shanglong, Liu Enqi, Chen Anhui, et al. Preliminary analysis of selenium speciation and bioavailability in two selenium-enriched products using in vitro biomimetic model [J]. Food Science, 2018, 039(004):225-232. 7. Hong Zehan, Wu Wanyi, Li Lu, et al. Comparison of in vitro digestion of lycopene nanoemulsions constructed with different macromolecular emulsifiers [J]. Food Science, 2019, 40(10):9-15. 8. Chen Shanglong, Chen Anhui, Liu Hui, etc. Analysis of the effect of yogurt fermentation on calcium speciation by using digestive system full bionic model [J]. Journal of Agricultural Engineering, 2018, v.34;No.332(05):297-302. 9. Wang, X. Y. , et al. "A novel rational fluorescence probe for the detection of uric acid in human blood based on H 2 O 2 -mediated fluorescence quenching of gold/silver nanoclusters. Talanta 191(2019):46-53. 10. Wang, Li-Ming, et al. "1H NMR and UHPLC/Q-Orbitrap-MS-Based metabolomics combined with 16S rRNA gut microbiota analysis revealed the potential regulation mechanism of nuciferine in hyperuricemia rats." Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 68.47 (2020 11. Xiaoyu Yang, Lu Chen, Xiuxiu Xiong, Yun Shu, Dangqin Jin, Yang Zang, Wei Wang, Qin Xu, Xiao-Ya Hu Molecularly imprinted polymers and PEG double engineered perovskite: an efficient platform for constructing aqueous solution feasible photoelectrochemical se 12. Yun, Yu, et al. "Excretory function of intestinal tract enhanced in kidney impaired rats caused by adenine." The Scientific World Journal 2016 (2016).https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/2695718 13. [IF=6.057] Xiao-yan Wang et al."A novel ratiometric fluorescent probe for the detection of uric acid in human blood based on H2O2-mediated fluorescence quenching of gold/silver nanoclusters."Talanta. 2019 Jan;191:46 14. [IF=5.833] Mei Ling et al."Non-enzymatic sensing of glucose and hydrogen peroxide using a glassy carbon electrode modified with a nanocomposite consisting of nanoporous copper carbon black and nafion."Microchim Acta. 2016 Apr;183(4):1359-1365 15. [IF=5.833] Chen Dandan et al."Electrochemical determination of dopamine using a glassy carbon electrode modified with a nanocomposite consisting of nanoporous platinum-yttrium and graphene."Microchim Acta. 2018 Feb;185(2):1-7 16. [IF=7.46] Xiaoyu Yang et al."Molecularly imprinted polymers and PEG double engineered perovskite: an efficient platform for constructing aqueous solution feasible photoelectrochemical sensor."Sensor Actuat B- Chem. 2020 Feb;304:127321 17. [IF=6.331] Xiao Liang et al."Urate oxidase loaded in PCN-222(Fe) with peroxidase-like activity for colorimetric detection of uric acid."J Mater Chem B. 2021 Sep;9(34):6811-6817 18. [IF=6.057] Lu Chen et al."A highly-specific photoelectrochemical platform based on carbon nanodots and polymers functionalized organic-inorganic perovskite for cholesterol sensing."Talanta. 2021 Apr;225:122050 19. [IF=5.279] Li-Ming Wang et al."1H NMR and UHPLC/Q-Orbitrap-MS-Based Metabolomics Combined with 16S rRNA Gut Microbiota Analysis Revealed the Potential Regulation Mechanism of Nuciferine in Hyperuricemia Rats."J Agr Food Chem. 2020;68(47):14059-14070 20. [IF=4.641] Fei Qu et al."Aggregation-induced emission of lead halide perovskites modulated by dispersed/aggregated gold nanoparticles for application in the detection of dopamine."Mater Res Bull. 2021 Oct;142:111405 21. [IF=4.35] Manli Wu et al.Simultaneous Determination of Purines and Uric Acid in Chinese Chicken Broth Using TFA/FA Hydrolysis Coupled with HPLC-VWD.Foods. 2021 Nov;10(11):2814 22. [IF=4.142] Zhang Wei et al."Ratiometric fluorescence and colorimetric dual-mode sensing platform based on carbon dots for detecting copper(II) ions and D-penicillamine."Anal Bioanal Chem. 2022 Feb;414(4):1651-1662 |
69-93-2 - Nature
Open Data Verified Data
White Crystal or crystalline powder. No smell, soluble in hot concentrated sulfuric acid, glycerol, alkali solution, sodium acetate and sodium phosphate solution. Practically insoluble in water, insoluble in ethanol and ether. The hydrocyanic acid is decomposed by heating to above 400 ° C. Without melting, and thus cannot be subjected to strong heat.
Last Update：2024-01-02 23:10:35
69-93-2 - Preparation Method
Open Data Verified Data
dried chicken manure was suspended in a 24-fold amount of water, added with an appropriate amount of calcium hydroxide, and allowed to stand. After the precipitation was complete, the supernatant was separated, water was added to the precipitation, the pH was adjusted to 3 with nitric acid, and the mixture was allowed to stand until the precipitation was complete. The supernatant was separated, and the precipitate was resuspended in water to adjust the pH value to 12-12.5 with calcium hydroxide. After filtration, the filtrate was adjusted to PH 3 with nitric acid.
Last Update：2022-01-01 11:16:38
69-93-2 - Introduction
Slightly soluble in water, soluble in hot concentrated sulfuric acid and sodium hydroxide alkali solution, soluble in glycerin, sodium acetate and sodium phosphate, insoluble in alcohol and ether.
Last Update：2022-10-16 17:27:58
69-93-2 - Use
Open Data Verified Data
Reagents useful for the determination of uricase and tungstate. Uric acid and its derivatives have no side effects on the skin, and have a variety of conditioning functions in cosmetics. Has significant moisturizing properties, can treat skin dysfunction, has antioxidant properties, can delay skin aging and prevent skin cancer. Used in hair care products can inhibit dandruff.
Last Update：2022-01-01 11:16:38
69-93-2 - Reference Information
| EPA chemical substance information | information provided by: ofmpeb.epa.gov (external link) |
| Introduction | uric acid is the end product of purine metabolism, 80% of total uric acid in the body is produced by nuclear protein catabolism, 20% by the intake of food rich in purine catabolism. Uric acid is substantially present in the blood in the free form of the monosodium salt of uric acid and is therefore also referred to as uric acid. |
| biological activity | Uric acid is an endogenous antioxidant that scavenges reactive oxygen species (ROS), included are singlet oxygen, oxygen radicals, and peroxynitrite. |
| Use | as an analytical reagent, also used in organic synthesis as a standard solution for the determination of uric acid |
| production method | 1. Dry chicken manure was suspended in 24 times the amount of water, added with an appropriate amount of calcium hydroxide, and allowed to stand. After the precipitation was complete, the supernatant was separated, water was added to the precipitation, the pH was adjusted to 3 with nitric acid, and the mixture was allowed to stand until the precipitation was complete. The supernatant was separated, and the precipitate was resuspended in water to adjust the pH value to 12-12.5 with calcium hydroxide. After filtration, the filtrate was adjusted to PH 3 with nitric acid. |
Last Update：2024-04-09 20:52:54
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69-93-2
NSC 55746
3-羟基黄酮
菝葜皂苷元
4-(4-硝基苯偶氮)间苯二酚
4-Chlorobenzenesulfinic acid sodium salt hydrate
2-bis(2,4,6-trimethylphenoxy)phosphoryloxy-1,3,5-trimethyl-benzene
N-叔丁氧基羰基羟胺
Atomoxetine hydrochloride impurity A
2,6-DIFLUOROPHENYLHYDRAZINE
NSC 55746
3-羟基黄酮
菝葜皂苷元
4-(4-硝基苯偶氮)间苯二酚
4-Chlorobenzenesulfinic acid sodium salt hydrate
2-bis(2,4,6-trimethylphenoxy)phosphoryloxy-1,3,5-trimethyl-benzene
N-叔丁氧基羰基羟胺
Atomoxetine hydrochloride impurity A
2,6-DIFLUOROPHENYLHYDRAZINE