7440-67-7
zirconium
CAS: 7440-67-7
Molecular Formula: Zr
7440-67-7 - Names and Identifiers
| Name | zirconium |
| Synonyms | Zircat un2008) zirconium ZIRCONIUM Zirconium, scrap Zirconium, borings Zirconium, clippings Zirconium powder (non pyrophoric) ZIRCONIUM AA SINGLE ELEMENT STANDARD Zirconium, suspended in fammable liquid |
| CAS | 7440-67-7 |
| EINECS | 231-176-9 |
| InChI | InChI=1/Zr |
| InChIKey | QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
7440-67-7 - Physico-chemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | Zr |
| Molar Mass | 91.22 |
| Density | 1.01g/mLat 25°C |
| Melting Point | 1852°C(lit.) |
| Boling Point | 4377°C(lit.) |
| Water Solubility | Soluble in water. |
| Appearance | wire |
| Specific Gravity | 6.506 |
| Color | Gray to silver |
| Exposure Limit | TLV-TWA 0.05 mg (Zr)/m3 (ACGIH)PEL-TWA: 0.05 mg (Zr)/m3 (OSHA)STEL 10 mg (Zr)/m3 (NIOSH and OSHA)IDLH 500 mg Zr/m3 (NIOSH). |
| Merck | 13,10226 |
| Sensitive | air sensitive |
| Physical and Chemical Properties | Zirconium is easy to absorb hydrogen, nitrogen and oxygen; Zirconium has a strong affinity for oxygen, and oxygen dissolved in zirconium at 1000°C can significantly increase its volume. The surface of zirconium is easy to form a layer of oxide film, with gloss, so the appearance is similar to that of steel. Resistant to corrosion, but soluble in hydrofluoric acid and aqua regia. At high temperature, it can react with non-metallic elements and many metal elements to form a solid solution. The plasticity of zirconium is good, and it is easy to be processed into plates and wires. Zirconium can absorb a large amount of oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen and other gases when heated, and can be used as a hydrogen storage material. The corrosion resistance of zirconium is better than that of titanium, close to niobium and tantalum. Zirconium and hafnium are two metals that are chemically similar and coexist together and contain radioactive substances. |
7440-67-7 - Risk and Safety
| Risk Codes | R36/38 - Irritating to eyes and skin. R17 - Spontaneously flammable in air R15 - Contact with water liberates extremely flammable gases R36/37/38 - Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin. R20/21/22 - Harmful by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. R40 - Limited evidence of a carcinogenic effect R34 - Causes burns |
| Safety Description | S26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. S43 - In case of fire use ... (there follows the type of fire-fighting equipment to be used.) S7/8 - S36 - Wear suitable protective clothing. S36/37/39 - Wear suitable protective clothing, gloves and eye/face protection. S35 - This material and its container must be disposed of in a safe way. S27 - Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. S16 - Keep away from sources of ignition. S36/37 - Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves. S45 - In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label whenever possible.) |
| UN IDs | UN 2858 4.1/PG 3 |
| WGK Germany | 2 |
| RTECS | ZH7070000 |
| FLUKA BRAND F CODES | 10 |
| TSCA | Yes |
| Hazard Class | 4.2 |
| Packing Group | III |
7440-67-7 - Reference Information
| resistivity | 40 ***-CM, 20°C |
| EPA chemical substance information | information provided by: ofmpeb.epa.gov (external link) |
| Industrial use | getter zirconium can strongly absorb nitrogen, hydrogen, oxygen and other gases. When the temperature exceeds nine degrees Celsius, zirconium can strongly absorb nitrogen; At two hundred degrees Celsius, one hundred grams of zirconium metal can absorb 8seventeen liters of hydrogen, equivalent to more than eighty thousand times of iron. This characteristic of zirconium has been widely used. For example, in the electric vacuum industry, zirconium powder is widely used to coat the anode and other heated parts of the electric vacuum element and instrument to absorb the residual gas in the vacuum tube, made of highly vacuum tubes and other electric vacuum meter, so as to improve their quality, extend their use time. metallurgical action zirconium can also be used as a "vitamin" in the metallurgical industry, playing its powerful role in deoxidation, nitrogen removal and sulfur removal. Steel as long as the addition of 1‰ of zirconium, hardness and strength will be surprisingly improved; Containing zirconium armored steel, stainless steel and heat-resistant steel, is the manufacture of armored vehicles, tanks, important materials for national defense weapons such as artillery and ballistic panels. The zirconium doped into copper, copper wire, conductive ability is not weakened, and the melting point is greatly improved, it is very suitable to be used as a high voltage wire. Zirconium containing zinc magnesium alloy, light and high temperature resistance, strength is two times the ordinary magnesium alloy, can be used in the manufacture of jet engine components. In addition, zirconium powder is characterized by a low ignition point and a fast burning speed, and can be used as a primer for a detonator, which can be exploded even under water. Zirconium powder plus oxidant. This is like adding fuel to the fire, burning bright light, is a good material for the manufacture of tracer and flare. |
| Military use | from a military perspective, only 1‰ of the zirconium is added to steel, the hardness and strength are surprisingly increased. Zirconium-containing armored steel, gun forging steel, stainless steel and heat-resistant steel are important materials for the manufacture of armored vehicles, tanks, cannons and ballistic plates. From the perspective of atomic energy and nuclear energy, zirconium has outstanding nuclear energy and is an indispensable material for the development of atomic energy industry, if nuclear power is used for power generation, 20 to 25 tons of metal zirconium will be consumed per million kW of power generation capacity in a year. The zirconium alloy used in a thirty thousand-horsepower nuclear submarine is used as a nuclear fuel jacket and pressure tube, and the use amount can reach 20 to 30 tons. zirconium is a rare metal, which has excellent corrosion resistance, high melting point, high hardness and strength, and is widely used in aerospace, military, nuclear reaction, atomic energy field. "Shenliu" on the use of corrosion resistance, high resistance of titanium products, its corrosion resistance is far less than zirconium, its melting point of about 1600 degrees, and the melting point of zirconium is above 1800 degrees, the melting point of zirconium dioxide is as high as 2700 degrees, so zirconium as an aerospace material, its performance in all aspects is greatly superior to titanium. |
| storage transport | storage is frequently moistened and passivated with not less than 25% water. Store in a cool, ventilated warehouse. Keep away from fire and heat source. The packaging is sealed. It should be stored separately from acids, etc., and mixed storage should not be avoided. Explosion-proof lighting and ventilation facilities shall be adopted. The use of spark-prone mechanical equipment and tools is prohibited. The storage area shall be provided with suitable materials for containment of the leakage. In the transport process to prevent rain, shock. Handling should be careful to prevent collision and rolling, to prevent mechanical damage. |
| content distribution | The zirconium content in the crust is 19th, almost equal to that of chromium. The zirconium-bearing minerals with industrial value in nature mainly include zircon and zircon. The world's zirconium resources mainly occur in the coastal placer deposits, only a small part of the accumulated sand and primary ore. The world zircon reserves of about 40 million tons, of which 85% in Australia, South Africa, the United States, India and the former Soviet Union. China's zirconium ore reserves rank ninth in the world, the total reserves of more than 200 tons, mainly concentrated in Guangdong, Hainan, Guangxi and Sichuan, while Yunnan is mainly rock ore, other such as Hunan, Hubei, Anhui, Fujian, jiangxi, Liaoning, there are some zirconium resources. |
| hazard control | I. Emergency treatment of leakage Isolation leakage contaminated area, restricted access. Cut off the fire source. Emergency personnel are advised to wear self-contained respirators and fire protective clothing. Small leakage: collect in a dry, clean, capped container using a spark-free tool. Transfer recovery. Large leakage: Cover with plastic cloth and canvas to reduce scattering. Transfer recovery was collected using a spark-free tool. Protection Measure Respiratory system protection: When the dust concentration in the air exceeds the standard, wear self-priming filter dust mask. Eye protection: When the dust concentration in the air exceeds the standard, wear chemical safety protective glasses. Physical Protection: wear protective clothing for general work. Hand Protection: wear chemical protective gloves. |
| Application | for refractory materials, stainless steel precision casting, etc. |
| production method | 1. The incline zircon is converted to zirconium tetrachloride by roasting. The zirconium metal can be obtained by co-heating zircon with carbon, converting it into zirconium carbide, then hydrochlorination into zirconium tetrachloride, and then reduction with magnesium. The industrially preferred method is the molten salt electrolysis method using ZrCl 4 or K 2 ZrF 6 as raw materials. 2. Zirconium carbide can be obtained by heating the zircon together with carbon in an electric furnace, and then the zirconium carbide is chlorinated at 500 ° C. To obtain crude zirconium tetrachloride. In order to separate the hafnium therefrom, the crude zirconium tetrachloride is first dissolved in water, and the hafnium is separated from the aqueous solution. At present, the representative solvent extraction separation method is based on the solvent of ISO ketone. Hafnium oxide can be obtained by this method. The hafnium oxide is heated to 900 ° C. In the presence of carbon, then it is chlorinated to form zirconium tetrachloride, and the zirconium tetrachloride is purified by sublimation purification. Reduction with magnesium at about 850 °c, the by-product magnesium chloride can be removed by vacuum distillation at about 900 °c to give sponge zirconium. |
| category | spontaneous combustion articles |
| flammability hazard characteristics | in case of fire, high temperature, oxidant flammable; combustion produces zirconia-stimulated smoke |
| storage and transportation characteristics | The warehouse is ventilated and dried at low temperature; It is stored separately from the oxidant |
| extinguishing agent | water, dry sand, carbon dioxide, foam, 1211 extinguishing agent |
| Occupational Standard | TLV-TWA 5 mg/m3; Tel 10 mg/m3 |
| toxic substance data | information provided by: pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov (external link) |
| immediate life-and health-threatening concentration | 25 mg Zr/m3 |
Last Update：2024-04-09 20:49:11
