7440-70-2
Calcium
CAS: 7440-70-2
Molecular Formula: Ca
7440-70-2 - Names and Identifiers
7440-70-2 - Physico-chemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | Ca |
| Molar Mass | 40.08 |
| Density | 1.54g/mLat 25°C(lit.) |
| Melting Point | 850°C(lit.) |
| Boling Point | 1484°C(lit.) |
| Water Solubility | reacts with H2O, alcohols, dilute acids to evolve H2 [MER06] |
| Appearance | pieces |
| Specific Gravity | 1.54 |
| Color | Silver-white |
| Odor | Odorless |
| Merck | 13,1644 |
| BRN | 4241647 |
| Storage Condition | water-free area |
| Stability | Stable, but reacts with water to release hydrogen and produce calcium hydroxide. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, alcohols, moisture. |
| Sensitive | air sensitive, moisture sensitive |
| Physical and Chemical Properties | Character silver white soft metal. melting point (839±2)℃ boiling point 1484 ℃ relative density 1.54 solubility: soluble in acid, liquid ammonia, slightly soluble in alcohol, insoluble in benzene. |
| Use | Widely used in metallurgy, chemical, pharmaceutical, electrical and other industries, iron and steel smelting can be used as deoxidizing and dephosphorization agent, non-ferrous smelting is an excellent reducing agent |
7440-70-2 - Risk and Safety
| Hazard Symbols | F - Flammable |
| Risk Codes | 15 - Contact with water liberates extremely flammable gases |
| Safety Description | S8 - Keep container dry. S24/25 - Avoid contact with skin and eyes. S43 - In case of fire use ... (there follows the type of fire-fighting equipment to be used.) |
| UN IDs | UN 1401 4.3/PG 2 |
| WGK Germany | 1 |
| RTECS | EV8040000 |
| TSCA | Yes |
| HS Code | 28051200 |
| Hazard Class | 4.3 |
| Packing Group | II |
7440-70-2 - Nature
Open Data Verified Data
silver-white metal. The relative density was 1. 54. Melting point (839 2) °c. Boiling point 1484 °c. Soluble in acid, liquid ammonia, slightly soluble in alcohol, insoluble in benzene. The higher the purity, the slower the surface darkening in air. When exposed to strong heat in the air, the combustion of calcium oxide and calcium nitride. Calcium hydride is slowly formed by reaction with hydrogen above 400 °c. At room temperature and water to ease the reaction, the formation of calcium hydroxide protective film, heated with the intense reaction of water to release hydrogen. Chemical properties are very active, with a strong reducing ability, easy with halogen, sulfur, nitrogen and other compounds. Almost all metal oxides can be reduced by heating. Flammable.
Last Update：2024-01-02 23:10:35
7440-70-2 - Preparation Method
Open Data Verified Data
The methods for preparing calcium metal include an electrolysis method and a reduction method.
- electrolysis method: Put the dried anhydrous calcium chloride into the electrolytic cell, melt the raw material next to the anode (graphite) in the electrolytic cell with oxygen flame, that is, open the cooling water, and put down the cathode (round steel), contact the surface of the feed solution, the current is passed. The molten feed liquid is directed to the cathode and the circuit is turned on. After most of the raw materials are melted, continue to add new materials until 2 ~ 3cm along the trough and the temperature is normal. The calcium metal is deposited on the cathode with a current of 350 to 450A. The voltage is 20 to 25v. The current should be reduced by 50100A before tapping the calcium metal deposited on the cathode. After the metal calcium to be knocked down is put into the oil, the cathode contacts the electrolyte level again, and then the current is increased by 50 ~ 100A. In order to maintain the temperature of the electrolytic cell, the material should be added one after another. The chlorine gas escapes from the anode and is recycled.
- reduction method: limestone is usually used as raw material, calcined into calcium oxide, aluminum powder is used as reducing agent, after crushing, mixed in proportion, pressed into blocks, and reacted under vacuum and temperature, the calcium vapor and calcium aluminate are generated and reduced to crystalline calcium, and the calcium ingot is obtained by melt casting.
Last Update：2022-01-01 11:06:08
7440-70-2 - Use
Open Data Verified Data
It is used as a deoxidizing agent for alloys, a reducing agent for high-quality metal smelting, a desulfurizing agent and a decarburizing agent for iron and iron alloys, a crystal grain size adjusting agent for special steels, and a cleaning agent for magnesium casting surfaces. For the manufacture of bearing alloy, oil dehydrating agent. Is the production of vitamin A and the production of calcium hydride and other raw materials. It is also used for making various storage batteries, alloy electrodes, and the like.
Last Update：2022-01-01 11:06:08
7440-70-2 - Safety
Open Data Verified Data
combustible items in wet condition. Risk code: GB Class 4.3. UN No. 4.3; IMDG Code, pp. The product is packed in a metal barrel or bottle, filled with argon or other sealed packaging. 25,50,100kg net weight per barrel. The outer package is marked with "flammable" and "moisture-proof. Should be stored in a cool, ventilated, dry and non-corrosive atmosphere in the warehouse, no open storage. It is not allowed to contact with water and acid. During the transportation process, it should be waterproof, fire-proof and moisture-proof, and not allowed to be inverted. When loading and unloading, it should be light and light, and the collision of the iron drum is strictly prohibited, so as to avoid damage to the packaging and accidents. Fine powder at room temperature in the wet air can spontaneous combustion, by high heat or contact with strong oxidant, there is the risk of combustion explosion. Can burn eyes and skin. Inhalation of dust can irritate the respiratory tract and lungs, causing Cough, Dyspnea. Irritation of the eye, and even cause burns, causing permanent damage. Contact or inhalation should be immediately removed from the scene to fresh air, and a large number of flowing water to rinse at least 15min, keep the respiratory tract unobstructed, such as Dyspnea, oxygen. If breathing stops, perform artificial respiration immediately. The patient visited hospital. By mistake, people gargle with water and drink milk or egg white. The patient visited hospital. When there is a fire, it can be suppressed by dry sand and dry powder fire. Water is strictly prohibited.
Last Update：2022-01-01 11:06:09
7440-70-2 - Reference Information
| resistivity | 3.5 ***-CM, 20°C |
| EPA chemical substance information | information provided by: ofmpeb.epa.gov (external link) |
| Introduction | Calcium is a metal element, English name Calcium, belonging to the alkaline earth metal group IIA of the periodic table of elements, the melting point is 842 ° C., the boiling point is 1484 ° C., the density is 1.55g/cm 3, and the ionization energy is 6.11 electron volts. Calcium is a silver-white crystal, slightly soft, chemically active, in the air surface can form a layer of oxide (calcium oxide) or nitride film (calcium nitride), to prevent continued corrosion. |
| Application | calcium content in the Earth's crust is 3%, ranking fifth only to oxygen, silicon, aluminum and iron, most of them exist in the form of ionic state or compound; The main mineral sources in industry such as limestone, gypsum and so on. Calcium can be used as an oil dehydrating agent, a metallurgical reducing agent, a deoxidizing agent and the like of alloys, and is mainly used in the fields of industry and medicine. |
| Application | is widely used in metallurgy, chemical industry, medicine, electrical appliances and other industries, and can be used as deoxidizing and dephosphorization agent in steel smelting, nonferrous smelting is an excellent reducing agent, such as used as alloy deoxidizer, oil dehydrating agent, smelting reducing agent, iron and iron alloy decarburization agent, also used in the pharmaceutical industry used as alloy deoxidizer, reducing agent for high quality metal smelting, desulfurization and decarburization agent for iron and iron alloys, special steel crystal grain size adjusting agent, and cleaning agent for magnesium casting surface. For the manufacture of bearing alloy, oil dehydrating agent. It is a raw material for the production of vitamin A and calcium hydride. It is also used to prepare batteries, alloy electrodes, etc. used as deoxidizer for alloy, dehydrating agent for oil, reducing agent for smelting, desulfurizing and decarburizing agent for iron and iron alloy. It can also be used as a raw material for the production of vitamin A. |
| production method | electrolytic method the dried anhydrous calcium chloride is put into the electrolytic cell, and the anode (graphite) in the electrolytic cell is melted by oxygen flame spraying next to the raw material, that is, the cooling water, the cathode (round steel) put down, contact the surface of the liquid, the current. The molten feed liquid is directed to the cathode and the circuit is turned on. After most of the raw materials are melted, continue to add new materials until the edge of the trough is 2-3cm and the temperature is normal. Calcium metal is deposited on the cathode, the current is 350~450 A, the voltage is 20~25V, before tapping the metal calcium deposited on the cathode, the current should be reduced by 50 ~ 100A. After the metal calcium to be knocked down is put into the oil, the cathode will contact the electrolyte level again, and then increase the current by 50~100 A. In order to maintain the temperature of the electrolytic cell, the material should be added one after another. The chlorine gas escapes from the anode and is recycled. CaCl2 [electrolysis] → CaCl2 ↑ |
| category | flammable articles in water |
| explosive hazard characteristics | explosive in water |
| flammability hazard characteristics | flammable in water; Flammable hydrogen in water or acid; hydrolyzed to corrosive milk of lime |
| storage and transportation characteristics | The warehouse is ventilated and dried at low temperature; It is stored separately from acid and halogenated hydrocarbon |
| extinguishing agent | dry powder, dry sand, dry powder |
| toxic substance data | information provided by: pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov (external link) |
Last Update：2024-04-09 19:05:15
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