7790-98-9
Ammonium Perchlorate
CAS: 7790-98-9
Molecular Formula: ClH4NO4
7790-98-9 - Names and Identifiers
| Name | Ammonium Perchlorate |
| Synonyms | pkha Ammonium Perchlorate Perchloricacidammoniumsalt Ammoniumperchlorate,ReagentGrade AMMONIUM PERCHLORATE FINE CRYST. AMMONIUM PERCHLORATE SOLUTION, ~1 M IN W ATER |
| CAS | 7790-98-9 |
| EINECS | 232-235-1 |
| InChI | InChI=1/ClHO4.H3N/c2-1(3,4)5;/h(H,2,3,4,5);1H3 |
7790-98-9 - Physico-chemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | ClH4NO4 |
| Molar Mass | 117.49 |
| Density | 1.95 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.) |
| Melting Point | °Cd ec.) |
| Water Solubility | Freely soluble in water. Soluble in methanol. Slightly soluble in ethanol, acetone. Insoluble in ether, ethyl acetate |
| Vapor Presure | 0Pa at 25℃ |
| Appearance | Crystalline |
| Specific Gravity | 1.95 |
| Color | White |
| Merck | 14,540 |
| Stability | Explosive when mixed with combustible material. Incompatible with organics, paper, wood shavings, etc. May explode if heated under confinement or as a result of friction. Incompatible with metals |
| Refractive Index | 1.482 |
| Physical and Chemical Properties | Characteristics of colorless or white orthorhombic crystal system. relative density 1.95 solubility soluble in water and acetone, slightly soluble in alcohol. |
| Use | Used as an oxidant, and used in the manufacture of explosives, pyrotechnic |
7790-98-9 - Risk and Safety
| Risk Codes | R9 - Explosive when mixed with combustible material R44 - Risk of explosion if heated under confinement R48/20/22 - R36 - Irritating to the eyes R3 - Extreme risk of explosion by shock, friction, fire or other sources of ignition |
| Safety Description | S17 - Keep away from combustible material. S36/37 - Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves. S27 - Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. S16 - Keep away from sources of ignition. S14 - Keep away from ... (a list of incompatible materials will follow). S35 - This material and its container must be disposed of in a safe way. S26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. |
| UN IDs | 1442 |
| WGK Germany | 1 |
| RTECS | SC7520000 |
| TSCA | Yes |
| Hazard Class | 5.1 |
| Packing Group | II |
| Toxicity | LD50 oral in rabbit: 1900mg/kg |
7790-98-9 - Nature
Open Data Verified Data
colorless or white orthogonal crystals. The relative density was 1. 95. Soluble in water, soluble in methanol, ethanol-soluble, acetone, almost insoluble in ethyl acetate, ether. Decomposition by heating. It is a strong oxidant, and can form an explosive mixture when mixed with a reducing agent, an organic substance, a flammable substance, and the like.
Last Update：2024-01-02 23:10:35
7790-98-9 - Preparation Method
Open Data Verified Data
electrolysis-double decomposition method: the industrial sodium chlorate is heated with water in the dissolution tank to dissolve it to obtain a sodium chlorate solution with a concentration of 600 ~ 650g/L, and barium hydroxide is added to remove chromate and sulfate impurities, after a sufficient period of settling, the clear solution was sent to an electrolytic cell for electrolysis to produce a sodium perchlorate solution with a concentration of 800g/L. After the removal of fluoride and heavy metal ions, the sodium perchlorate solution is added to the double decomposition reactor, and ammonium chloride is added to the double decomposition reaction according to the measurement to generate the mixed solution of ammonium perchlorate and sodium chloride, and the sodium chloride crystal is removed by centrifugal filtration, the filtrate is evaporated and concentrated under reduced pressure, and the crude crystal of ammonium perchlorate can be obtained by cooling and crystallizing, redissolving and refining, cooling and crystallizing, particle size classification, centrifugal separation and drying to obtain ammonium perchlorate finished product.
Last Update：2022-01-01 09:00:38
7790-98-9 - Use
Open Data Verified Data
It is mainly used as a rocket propellant. It can also be used in the manufacture of pyrotechnic. It can be used as the mixing agent of ammonium perchlorate explosive, artificial anti-hail agent, oxidant and analytical reagent.
Last Update：2022-01-01 09:00:38
7790-98-9 - Safety
Open Data Verified Data
packed in an iron drum lined with plastic bags, with a net weight of 25kg per drum. There should be obvious signs of "strong oxidant" and "explosive" on the package. The package shall also indicate the name, address, product name, trademark, grade, net weight, batch number or date of production. Class I inorganic
Oxidants, explosives. Hazard code: GB protected 110810 UN NO. 04021 IMDG code 1103 page. 1. 1D. Also included in Category 5.1 are oxidants. Should be stored in a cool, ventilated, dry warehouse. The packaging must be sealed. It shall not be stored and mixed with combustible articles, organic matters, reducing agents, spontaneous combustion articles, acids, sulfur, carbon, rubber, sawdust, cotton wool, metal powder and other articles. During transport to prevent rain and sun, pay attention to moisture. Handling should be handled with light, collision or friction is strictly prohibited. In case of fire, it can be suppressed by water, sand and all kinds of fire extinguishing. Toxicity and protection: LD503500mg/kg (rat, oral). Dust on the eyes, skin, respiratory system has a stimulating effect. Such as inadvertent splash into the eyes or splash on the skin, should be immediately washed with water, severe cases quickly sent to the hospital for treatment. Production personnel should wear anti-static work clothes, wear protective masks or gas masks, latex gloves, wear long rubber boots and other labor protection articles to protect respiratory organs, eyes and skin. Production equipment should be closed, workshop ventilation should be good. Smoking, eating and drinking are prohibited at work. After completion of work, shower and dressing. Work clothes should be washed and changed frequently. Maintain good hygiene practices.
Last Update：2022-01-01 09:00:39
7790-98-9 - Reference Information
| LogP | -5.84 at 25℃ |
| EPA chemical substance information | information provided by: ofmpeb.epa.gov (external link) |
| solubility in water (g/100ml) | grams dissolved per 100ml of water at different temperatures (℃): 12g/0 ℃;16.4g/10 ℃;21.7g/20 ℃;37.7g/30 ℃;34.6g/40 ℃; 49.9g/60 ℃;68.9g/80 ℃ |
| toxicity | dust can irritate eyes, skin and respiratory system. Such as inadvertent splash into the eyes or splash on the skin, should be immediately washed with water, severe cases quickly sent to the hospital for treatment. Production personnel should wear work clothes, wear protective masks or gas masks, latex gloves, wear long rubber boots and other labor protection articles to protect the respiratory organs, eyes and skin. Production equipment should be closed, workshop ventilation should be good. |
| purpose | used as rocket propellant, explosive compounding agent, and also used in the manufacture of pyrotechnic, artificial anti-hail medicament used as analytical reagent and oxidant used as rocket propellant. For the manufacture of pyrotechnic. It can be used as the mixing agent of ammonium perchlorate explosive, artificial anti-hail agent, oxidant and analytical reagent. used as oxidant and in the manufacture of explosives and pyrotechnic |
| production method | electrolysis-double decomposition method sodium chlorate is added with water in the dissolution tank, steam is introduced to dissolve at 45~50 ℃, after being saturated, barium hydroxide was added to remove impurities such as chromate. After filtration, the clear solution was sent to electrolysis to obtain sodium perchlorate. Add sodium perchlorate reactor, with the added ammonium chloride for double decomposition reaction to generate ammonium perchlorate and sodium chloride, filtering to remove sodium chloride, the filtrate is evaporated and concentrated, cooling crystallization, refining, and then filtered, the filtrate was cooled, crystallized, centrifuged and dried to obtain a final ammonium perchlorate product. Its NaC1O3 H2O → NaClO4 H2 ↑nac1o4 NH4C1 → NH4ClO4 NaCl |
| category | oxidant |
| toxicity grade | poisoning |
| Acute toxicity | oral-rat LD50: 4200 mg/kg; Intraperitoneal-mouse LD50: 1900 mg/kg |
| explosive hazard characteristics | explosive in case of organic matter, reducing agent, sulfur, phosphorus and other combustible materials |
| flammability hazard characteristics | flammable in case of organic matter, reducing agent, sulfur, phosphorus and other flammable substances and metal powder; toxic nitrogen oxides and chloride fumes from combustion |
| storage and transportation characteristics | warehouse ventilation; Light loading and unloading; And organic matter, reducing agent, separate storage of sulfur and phosphorus combustibles |
| fire extinguishing agent | water and sand mist |
| toxic substance data | information provided by: pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov (external link) |
Last Update：2024-04-09 21:04:16
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