78-67-1
2,2'-Azobis(2-methylpropionitrile)
CAS: 78-67-1
Molecular Formula: C8H12N4
78-67-1 - Names and Identifiers
| Name | 2,2'-Azobis(2-methylpropionitrile) |
| Synonyms | AIBN Azo-iso-butyronitrile Azobis(isbutyronitrile) 2,2-Azobsisobutyronitril A,A'-AZOISOBUTYRONITRILE Azo two different nitrile 2,2'-Azodiisobutyronitrile 2,2-Azobisisobutyronitrile 2,2-Azodi(isobutyronitrile) 2,2'-Azobisisobutyronitrile 2,2'-dicyano-2,2'-azopropane ALPHA,ALPHA'-AZOISOBUTYRONITRILE ALPHA,ALPHA-AZOBISISOBUTYRONITRILE 2,2'-Azobis(2-methylpropionitrile) ALPHA,ALPHA'-AZOBISISOBUTYRONITRILE ALPHA,ALPHA'-AZO-DI-ISO-BUTYRONITRILE 2,2'-Dimethyl-2,2'-azodipropionitrile 2,2-dimethyl-2,2-azodipropiononitrile 2,2'-(E)-diazene-1,2-diylbis(2-methylpropanenitrile) 2-(1-cyano-1-methyl-ethyl)azo-2-methyl-propanenitrile |
| CAS | 78-67-1 |
| EINECS | 201-132-3 |
| InChI | InChI=1/C8H12N4/c1-7(2,5-9)11-12-8(3,4)6-10/h1-4H3 |
| InChIKey | OZAIFHULBGXAKX-VAWYXSNFSA-N |
78-67-1 - Physico-chemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | C8H12N4 |
| Molar Mass | 164.21 |
| Density | 1.11 |
| Melting Point | 102-104°C (dec.)(lit.) |
| Boling Point | 281.68°C (rough estimate) |
| Flash Point | 4℃ |
| Water Solubility | Insoluble |
| Solubility | Chloroform (Slightly), Methanol (Slightly) |
| Vapor Presure | 0.81Pa at 24.85℃ |
| Appearance | Solid |
| Color | Crystals from EtOH |
| Merck | 13,920 |
| BRN | 1708400 |
| Storage Condition | 2-8°C |
| Stability | Stability Flammable solid. Shock sensitive. Thermally unstable. May be explosive in combination with acetone or heptane. Incompatible with oxidizing agents. |
| Refractive Index | n20/D1.495 |
| Physical and Chemical Properties | Melting point 102-104°C water soluble and soluble |
| Use | Used as polymerization initiator of polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl alcohol, polystyrene, polyacrylonitrile and other monomers |
78-67-1 - Risk and Safety
| Risk Codes | R2 - Risk of explosion by shock, friction, fire or other sources of ignition R11 - Highly Flammable R20/22 - Harmful by inhalation and if swallowed. R52/53 - Harmful to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. R67 - Vapors may cause drowsiness and dizziness R65 - Harmful: May cause lung damage if swallowed R48/20 - R38 - Irritating to the skin R63 - Possible risk of harm to the unborn child R66 - Repeated exposure may cause skin dryness or cracking R36 - Irritating to the eyes |
| Safety Description | S39 - Wear eye / face protection. S41 - In case of fire and / or explosion do not breathe fumes. S47 - Keep at temperature not exceeding... S61 - Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions / safety data sheets. S62 - If swallowed, do not induce vomitting; seek medical advice immediately and show this container or label. S36/37 - Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves. S16 - Keep away from sources of ignition. S26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. |
| UN IDs | UN 3234 4.1 |
| WGK Germany | 2 |
| RTECS | UG0800000 |
| FLUKA BRAND F CODES | 4.4 |
| HS Code | 29269090 |
| Hazard Class | 4.1 |
| Packing Group | II |
| Toxicity | LDLo orl-rat: 670 mg/kg 34ZIAG 0,117,69 |
78-67-1 - Upstream Downstream Industry
| Raw Materials | Acetone Acetone cyanohydrin Chlorine Sodium cyanide hydrazine hydrate |
| Downstream Products | dicofol |
78-67-1 - Nature
Open Data Verified Data
White needle-like crystals are white powder crystals with low purity. Insoluble in water, soluble in methanol, ethanol, acetone, ether, petroleum ether, toluene, aniline and other organic solvents. In case of high heat, open flame or mixed with oxidant, there is a risk of combustion and explosion caused by friction and impact. During combustion, toxic gases are emitted. When heated, the nature is unstable, 40 degrees Celsius gradually decomposed, releasing nitrogen and organic cyanide compounds, harmful to human body, and emit a large amount of heat, can cause an explosion.
Last Update：2024-01-02 23:10:35
78-67-1 - Hair-making
Open Data Verified Data
The condensation reaction of hydrazine hydrate with acetone at reflux temperature was carried out to produce a azine (acetone-containing nitrogen). Hydrogen cyanide gas is obtained by reacting 70% Sulfuric acid with 25% ~ 30% sodium cyanide. Then, the obtained hydrogen cyanide gas was reacted with a azine (acetone-nitrogen) at 55 to 60 ° C., and then cooled down to continue the reaction to obtain diisobutyronitrile hydrazine. Diisobutyronitrile hydrazine is reacted with nitrogen at 20 ° C. Or lower, and then settled and filtered, the filtrate is recovered and utilized, the filter cake is washed with water, and the fine azobisisobutyronitrile is obtained after removing the water. The crude azobisisobutyronitrile is dissolved and filtered with ethanol, and the filtrate is crystallized at low temperature, suction filtered and dried at low temperature to obtain the finished product.
Last Update：2023-05-29 17:35:18
78-67-1 - Use
Open Data Verified Data
It is used as an initiator in the polymerization of monomers such as vinyl chloride, vinyl acetate and acrylonitrile, and the amount thereof is 04% to 0.2%. Also can be used as polyvinyl chloride, polyurethane, polyvinyl alcohol, acrylonitrile and butadiene copolymer rubber, plastic foaming agent. They are also useful as sulfides, pesticides, and intermediates in organic synthesis.
Last Update：2022-01-01 09:31:47
78-67-1 - Safety
Open Data Verified Data
rat oral LD5025-30mg/kg, mouse oral 17.2 ~ 25rng/kg. If contact with the skin, eyes, should be immediately washed with flowing water. Store in a cool, ventilated warehouse. Keep away from fire and heat source. Mixing with oxidant and edible chemicals is strictly prohibited.
Last Update：2022-01-01 09:31:48
78-67-1 - Reference Information
| LogP | 1.1 at 25℃ |
| NIST chemical information | information provided by: webbook.nist.gov (external link) |
| EPA chemical substance information | information provided by: ofmpeb.epa.gov (external link) |
| recrystallization method | 1: recrystallize chemically pure azobisisobutyronitrile with methanol (1:12) twice, air-dry in a ventilated dark place overnight, then put in a vacuum drying oven, with phosphorus pentoxide as desiccant, vacuum degree of 1.013 * 105Pa, decompression and drying for 24h. The refined azobisisobutyronitrile should be contained in a colored jar, sealed and stored at low temperature and protected from light. 2. Add 50ml of 95% alcohol to a 150ml triangle bottle equipped with a reflux condenser tube, heat to near boiling on a water bath, quickly add 5gAIBN, and shake to dissolve it all (boiling time should not be too long, if it is too long, the decomposition is serious), the hot solution is quickly filtered (the funnel and suction filter bottle used for filtration must be preheated), and the filtrate is cooled to obtain white crystals, which are dried in a vacuum dryer, the melting point was 102 ℃, and the product was stored in brown bottle at low temperature. |
| initiator initiation temperature | azobisisobutyronitrile is a particularly excellent free radical initiator, when heated to about 70 ° C., nitrogen gas is decomposed and generated as a free radical (CH3)2CCN. The free radical is influenced by a cyano group and is relatively stable. It can react with another organic substrate, in its own annihilation at the same time, the regeneration of a new free radical, thereby initiating a free radical chain reaction (see Free Radical reaction). At the same time, it can also be two molecules coupled to generate a highly toxic tetramethylsuccinonitrile (TMSN). When heating AIBN to 100~107°C, it melts and decomposes sharply, releasing nitrogen and several organic nitrile compounds that are toxic to human body, and may cause explosion and fire. It decomposes slowly at room temperature and should be stored below 10°C. Stay away from the fire and heat source. Toxic. It is metabolized to hydrocyanic acid in the blood, liver, brain and other tissues of animals. |
| Use | as an initiator for the polymerization of vinyl chloride, vinyl acetate, acrylonitrile and other monomers, as well as a foaming agent for rubber and plastics, the dosage is 10% ~ 20%. This product can also be used as a curing agent, pesticide and organic synthesis intermediates. This product is a highly toxic substances, mice oral LD5017.2 ~ 25mg/kg, thermal decomposition of the release of organic cyanide on the human body has a greater toxicity. used as polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl alcohol, polystyrene, polymerization initiator of monomer such as polyacrylonitrile organic synthesis intermediate used as initiator for high molecular polymer used as initiator for polymerization or copolymerization of vinyl acetate and acrylate. It may also be used as a blowing agent. catalyst at the time of methyl acrylate embedding the tissue. Initiators of high-molecular polymers. Rubber, plastic, foaming agent. Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) plastic activator. |
| production method | with acetone, hydrazine hydrate and sodium cyanide as raw materials: the above condensation reaction temperature is 55~60 ℃, the reaction time was 5h, and then cooled to 25~30 C for 2H. When the temperature was lowered to below 10 °c, chlorine was started, and the reaction was carried out below 20 °c. The material ratio was: HCN: acetone: hydrazine = 1L: 1.5036kg: 0.415kg. Acetone cyanohydrin and hydrazine hydrate were used for reaction, and then liquid chlorine oxidation or sodium hypochlorite oxidation with aminobutyronitrile. |
| category | flammable solid |
| toxicity grade | poisoning |
| Acute toxicity | oral-rat LDL0: 670 mg/kg; Oral-mouse LD50: 700 mg/kg |
| explosive hazard characteristics | mixture with oxidant can be explosive; Easy to oxidize, unstable, thermal decomposition, and heptane, acetone heating explosion |
| flammability hazard characteristics | in case of open flame, high temperature, flammable oxidant; Thermal decomposition of combustible gas; toxic NOx smoke from combustion |
| storage and transportation characteristics | The warehouse is ventilated and dried at low temperature; It is stored separately from the oxidant |
| extinguishing agent | water, dry sand, carbon dioxide, foam, 1211 extinguishing agent |
| toxic substance data | information provided by: pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov (external link) |
Last Update：2024-04-10 22:29:15
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