Density | 0.873g/mLat 25°C(lit.) |
Boling Point | 166°C(lit.) |
Specific Rotation(α) | Angular rotation: -1 to -23° |
Flash Point | 130°F |
Vapor Presure | 1.93hPa at 25℃ |
Appearance | Liquid |
Refractive Index | n20/D 1.483(lit.) |
Physical and Chemical Properties | Black pepper oil is almost colorless to microstrip yellow-green volatile essential oil, with a unique aroma and relatively light taste of pepper, no hot taste. It also has certain antiseptic ability. Insoluble in water, soluble in most non-volatile oils, mineral oil and propylene glycol, slightly soluble in glycerol. |
Hazard Symbols | Xi - Irritant |
Risk Codes | R10 - Flammable R36/37/38 - Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin. |
Safety Description | S16 - Keep away from sources of ignition. S26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. S36 - Wear suitable protective clothing. |
UN IDs | UN 1993 3/PG 2 |
WGK Germany | 3 |
RTECS | EC3450000 |
with the mature fruit of Pepper as raw material, can be extracted with ethanol, can also be prepared by steam distillation, the latter is more commonly used.
can be used as a food antioxidant, often used with VE.
FEMA | 2845 | PEPPER, BLACK, OIL (PIPER NIGRUM L.) |
EPA chemical information | Information provided by: ofmpub.epa.gov (external link) |
introduction | black pepper oil is almost colorless to slightly yellow-green volatile essential oil. it has the unique aroma and relatively light taste of pepper, has no spicy taste and has certain antiseptic ability. Insoluble in water, soluble in most non-volatile oils, mineral oils and propylene glycol, slightly soluble in glycerol, mainly used in sausages, soups, sauces, canned meat and sweet wine. |
Main ingredients | Mainly contain α-pinene, α-ene, camphene, β-pinene, juniene, δ-3-carene, α-phellacene, myrcene, α-terpineene, ramie ene, γ-terpineene, trans-hydrated juniene, citrellal, linalool, terpineene-4-ol, α-terpineol, α-red myrrachol, hydrocelery, p-Agaricene, terpene oleene, cis-α-limonene. |
Application | Black pepper oil is one of the effective ingredients of black pepper. It has a variety of biological activities and physiological effects. It is used in the cardiovascular and cerebrovascular system, nervous system, digestive system, and infection. It has a significant effect on tumors and other aspects; because it has a good inhibitory effect on a variety of bacteria and fungi, it can accelerate local tissue blood circulation, and can promote epithelial cell regeneration, therefore, it can have the effects of detoxification, weight loss, beauty and moisturizing; in addition, it can be applied to the food processing industry, as a food preservative and flavoring agent, which can improve the flavor of food. |
Source | Pepper is a perennial evergreen vine of the Piperaceae Piperaceae. It is native to India and is an important tropical spice crop in the world. It is a favorite condiment. Pepper has become the world's largest and most potential special spice oil industry crop in import and export trade. Pepper is the main characteristic industry in Hainan, and Hainan is the largest production area in China, accounting for more than 90% of the national pepper production. The history of pepper is recorded in "Tang Mu Cao", saying: "Pepper grows in Xirong, shaped like a rat and plum, and it tastes very spicy when eaten." Its hot nature, pungent taste, has the effects of warming and dispelling cold, lower qi, and eliminating phlegm. It mainly treats stomach cold and vomiting, abdominal pain and diarrhea, loss of appetite, epilepsy and phlegm. |
application field | black pepper oil and its fat can be used as spice additives, preservation and preservatives for drinking (food) products. It can inhibit bacteria, improve food flavor, promote gastrointestinal peristalsis and accelerate blood circulation. It is an important food and meat additive, and is especially suitable for preparing oriental fragrance. |
Function | Volatile oil (essential oil), as one of the effective ingredients of pepper, has a variety of biological activities and physiological effects, and is used in the cardiovascular and cerebrovascular system, nervous system, and digestive system. It has a significant effect on infections and tumors; because it has a good inhibitory effect on a variety of bacteria and fungi, it can accelerate local tissue blood circulation, it can also promote epithelial cell regeneration, so it can detoxify, lose weight, beautify and moisturize; in addition, it can be applied to the food processing industry as a food preservative and flavoring agent, which can improve food flavor. |
preparation method | a preparation method of black pepper oil, comprising the following steps: 1) crushing 9kg of black pepper particles into powder and passing through a 40 mesh screen; 2) putting the black pepper powder of the 40 mesh screen obtained in step 1 into an extraction kettle, starting a supercritical CO2 extractor, the extraction pressure is 16.4Mpa, and the extraction temperature is 48.7 ℃, separation I pressure 7.50Mpa, separation I temperature 51.2 ℃; Separation II pressure 6.5Mpa, separation II temperature 43.0 ℃, extraction 1h, to obtain a mixture of black pepper oleoresin; 4) The product in step 3 is divided into three layers after standing, and the upper layer of light yellow transparent clear liquid and the middle layer of yellow semi-solid product are collected respectively; 5) The middle layer of yellow semi-solid product in step 4 is put into a vacuum filter for suction filtration, and the yellow transparent liquid obtained by suction filtration is combined with the upper layer of light yellow transparent clear liquid collected in step 4 to obtain black pepper oil. In addition, the yellow solid obtained by suction filtration is black pepper resin. |
toxicity | GRAS(FEMA;FDA,§ 182.20,2000). |
usage limit | FEMA(mg/kg): meat 140; Condiment 17; Baked products 8.5; Soft drink 2.7; Cold drinks 0.1~20; Candy 5.3. |
use | GB 2760-1996: allowed food spices and seasonings. Mainly used for sausages, soups, sauces, canned meat and sweet wine. spices. The one with the most consumption of spices. It is an important raw material for curry powder, sauce, tomato sauce and other seasonings. It can be used for almost any cooking food. Whole grains are mostly used for meat, soups, fish and pickled foods; powdered products are mostly used for eggs, meat, soups, sauces and vegetables, etc., which are essential for banquets. |
production method | black pepper: it is harvested on the day when the pods are blue and immature, and after stacking, it is naturally fermented for several days, and the dish is exposed to the sun for about 20 hours until it is dark brown. it is a granular finished product. Black pepper after milling. White pepper: Take mature fruits with green pods and turning red, soak and wash them in flowing water for about 8 days, remove the epidermis, and then wash them and sun for a few days until they are cream-colored. It is a granular finished product. After milling, it is white pepper. The immature berries of piper nigrum, a perennial vine of the Piperaceae family, are naturally fermented and dried and then distilled by steam. The yield was 1.0% ~ 2.6%. Mainly produced in India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Vietnam, Sri Lanka, Madagascar and other countries, China also produces. |
category | toxic substances |
stimulation data | skin-rabbit 500 mg/24 hours moderate |
flammability hazard characteristics | thermal decomposition discharges spicy and irritating smoke; Contains combustible ingredients such as pinene, lemon oil, etc. |
storage and transportation characteristics | warehouse ventilation and low temperature drying |
fire extinguishing agent | water, dry powder, dry sand, carbon dioxide, foam, 1211 fire extinguishing agent |
toxic substance data | information provided by: pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov (external link) |