Bromocyanide
Cyanogen bromide
CAS: 506-68-3
Molecular Formula: CBrN
Bromocyanide - Names and Identifiers
| Name | Cyanogen bromide |
| Synonyms | BROMOCYAN BROMOCYANE Bromocyanide BROMOCYANIDE cyanic bromide BROMINE CYANIDE Cyanogen bromide CYANOGEN BROMIDE Cyanogenbromidewhitextl Cyanogen bromide solution |
| CAS | 506-68-3 |
| EINECS | 208-051-2 |
| InChI | InChI=1/CBrN/c2-1-3 |
Bromocyanide - Physico-chemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | CBrN |
| Molar Mass | 105.92 |
| Density | 1.443g/mLat 25°C |
| Melting Point | 50-53 °C (lit.) |
| Boling Point | 61-62 °C (lit.) |
| Flash Point | 61.4°C |
| Water Solubility | decomposed slowly by cold H2O [HAW93] |
| Solubility | Soluble in chloroform, dichloromethane, ethanol, diethyl ether, benzene and acetonitrile. |
| Vapor Presure | 100 mm Hg ( 22.6 °C) |
| Vapor Density | 3.65 (vs air) |
| Appearance | Solution |
| Color | White |
| Odor | Penetrating odor |
| Exposure Limit | No exposure limit is set. However, on the basis of the exposure limits of related compounds a ceiling limit of 0.5 ppm (2 mg/m3) is recommended. |
| Merck | 14,2693 |
| BRN | 1697296 |
| Storage Condition | 2-8°C |
| Stability | Stable. Reacts violently with water and with mineral and organic acids. |
| Sensitive | Moisture & Light Sensitive |
| Refractive Index | 1.4670 (estimate) |
| Use | Used as bactericide and military gas, also for the preparation of cyanide, Organic synthesis |
Bromocyanide - Risk and Safety
| Risk Codes | R26/27/28 - Very toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. R34 - Causes burns R50/53 - Very toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. R40 - Limited evidence of a carcinogenic effect R11 - Highly Flammable R36/37 - Irritating to eyes and respiratory system. R32 - Contact with acids liberates very toxic gas R51/53 - Toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. |
| Safety Description | S53 - Avoid exposure - obtain special instructions before use. S28 - After contact with skin, wash immediately with plenty of soap-suds. S36/37/39 - Wear suitable protective clothing, gloves and eye/face protection. S45 - In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label whenever possible.) S60 - This material and its container must be disposed of as hazardous waste. S61 - Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions / safety data sheets. S26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. S16 - Keep away from sources of ignition. S7/9 - S29 - Do not empty into drains. S7 - Keep container tightly closed. |
| UN IDs | UN 3390 6.1/PG 1 |
| WGK Germany | 3 |
| RTECS | GT2100000 |
| FLUKA BRAND F CODES | 8-17-19-21 |
| TSCA | Yes |
| HS Code | 28530090 |
| Hazard Class | 6.1 |
| Packing Group | I |
| Toxicity | LCLO inhal (human) 92 ppm (398 mg/m3; 10 min)LCLO inhal (mouse) 115 ppm (500 mg/m3; 10 min) |
Bromocyanide - Reference Information
| NIST chemical information | Information provided by: webbook.nist.gov (external link) |
| EPA chemical information | Information provided by: ofmpub.epa.gov (external link) |
| Cyanogen bromide activation | Cyanogen bromide activation method is one of the commonly used activation methods. The activation process is mainly to generate imine carbonic acid active groups, which can react with primary amino groups (NH2) to mainly generate isourea derivatives. The cyanogen bromide-activated matrix can bind to ligands under mild conditions, and the amount of ligands bound is large. Many other derivatives can be obtained by further treatment with the matrix activated by cyanogen bromide. The disadvantage of this method is that the pKa of the amino group in the isoparourea derivative generated by the coupling of the matrix and the ligand of the cyanogen bromide activation method is 10.4, so it usually has a certain positive charge, so that the matrix may have anion ion The exchange effect increases the non-specific adsorption and affects the resolution of affinity chromatography. In addition, the matrix activated by cyanogen bromide is not stable enough to bind to the ligand, especially when it is combined with small ligands, the ligand may fall off. In addition, cyanogen bromide is highly toxic and volatile, so it is inconvenient to operate. |
| affinity purification experiment-activated agar sugar products | now the mainstream in the market is cyanogen bromide activation and epoxy activation. the advantages of cyanogen bromide activation are high load, fast reaction speed, and the disadvantage is that the junction is positively charged, so at the same time ion exchange, and the combination is not strong and the stability is poor, cyanogen bromide and its decomposition products are highly toxic; the advantages of epoxy activation are strong bonding, low non-specific adsorption, and the disadvantage is low load (only a fraction of the activation of cyanogen bromide), and the reaction speed is extremely slow, And the coupling is prone to ring opening reaction at the same time. Recently, coupling kit products have appeared on the market. The principle is activated by CDI. It is an upgraded version of cyanogen bromide activation. The load is larger, the reaction speed is faster, and the combination is firm and there is no non-specific adsorption; it is equipped with suitable buffer solution and consumables. As long as the ligand is prepared, the ideal column can be obtained in a few minutes of operation, saving me a lot of time and energy; and the price is also very cheap, just a fraction of the mainstream product. |
| Cyanogen bromide toxicity | Contact with water or water vapor will release highly toxic, flammable and corrosive hydrogen bromide and hydrogen cyanide gases. The presence of impure matter can quickly cause decomposition and cause an explosion. The toxic effect is like hydrocyanic acid and has obvious irritation. After inhalation, it can cause headache, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, weakness, convulsions, coma, cough, dyspnea, and pulmonary edema in severe cases, which can be fatal. Strong irritation to eyes and skin. Oral irritation and burns to the mouth and stomach can cause death. Combustion (decomposition) products: hydrogen cyanide, hydrogen bromide. This product is extremely toxic and lively. It reacts with sodium hydroxide to form sodium cyanate, reacts with ammonia and amine to form cyanogen, and reacts with alcohol to form cyanuric acid ester. When heated or exposed to water, it releases highly toxic gas. Acid is easy to cause explosion, and this product does not burn. If cyanogen bromide exists in the fire site, water can be used to extinguish the fire, but direct contact between water and cyanogen bromide must be avoided. Acid and alkali extinguishing agents are prohibited. Cyanide-containing wastewater must be treated and then discharged. The drainage must be separated from acidic wastewater to avoid causing hydrogen cyanide gas escape and poisoning. Cyanogen bromide is also extremely toxic and was used as a poison gas for the Australian army during the First World War. For human beings, at a very low concentration, they can stimulate eyes and throat, tear gas and cough, and they can't bear it for 1 minute at a concentration of 0.05mg/L(20PPM). If the gas is inhaled for a long time at a lower concentration than this, it can cause mild conjunctivitis, hoarse voice and also cause digestive organ disorders. Under the condition of 120mg/m3, death occurred after 30 minutes of contact. Cyanogen chloride enters the human body about 30% quickly becomes hydrogen cyanide, which reacts with hemoglobin and glutathione to release cyanide ions. |
| use | used as fungicide and military poison gas, also used in cyanide preparation and organic synthesis 1. combined with support agarose gel Sepharose 4B, affinity chromatography is used to purify and activate. For example: conjugated vaccine; monoclonal antibody 2. Ring-opening reaction of pyridine ring: identification of pentene dialdehyde reaction, for example: identification of nikethamide 3. Determination of vitamin PP content in meat and meat products 4. Used to break the peptide bond (thioether group of methionine side chain) in protein sequence determination, such as breaking these immunoglobulins into fragments, such as Fc segment, Fab segment polypeptide (such as methionine) bond selective cleavage reagent. |
| category | toxic substances |
| toxicity classification | highly toxic |
| acute toxicity | inhalation-mouse LCL0: 0.5g/m3/10 min |
| flammability hazard characteristics | non-combustible; when exposed to water, moisture and acid decompose toxic hydrogenated hydrogen gas and flammable hydrogen bromide gas |
| storage and transportation characteristics | warehouse ventilation and low temperature drying; Separate storage and transportation from acids |
| fire extinguishing agent | mist water |
| toxic substance data | information provided by: pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov (external link) |
Last Update：2024-04-09 02:00:05
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