| Name | carnitine |
| Synonyms | CARNITIN carnitine Carnitina DL-Carnitine CARNITINE CHLORIDE, DL-(RG) -Hydroxy-butyrotrimethylbetaine 3-hydroxy-4-(trimethylammonio)butanoate；Novain |
| CAS | 461-06-3 406-76-8 |
| EINECS | 206-976-6 |
| InChI | InChI=1/C7H15NO3/c1-8(2,3)5-6(9)4-7(10)11/h6,9H,4-5H2,1-3H3 |
| Molecular Formula | C7H15NO3 |
| Molar Mass | 161.199 |
| Physical and Chemical Properties | Chemical properties A mixture of left-handed and right-handed bodies. The mixer is a hygroscopic crystalline solid with a melting point of 195-197 ℃ (decomposition). L-Spin ([541-15-1]), also known as vitamin BT, is a crystal, which is one of the components that make up striated muscle and liver. Its melting point is 196-198 ℃ (decomposition). The right-handed body ([541-14-0]) is also a crystal with a melting point of 210-212°C (decomposition). Carnitine is soluble in water and hot ethanol, slightly soluble in cold ethanol, insoluble in acetone and ether. This product is generally prepared as hydrochloride. |
| Use | Uses L-carnitine can promote the decomposition of fat, plays an important role in the metabolism of long chain fatty acids. It is also used as a sports nutrition agent to improve the body's energy, endurance and energy during strenuous exercise, compensate for the loss of the body when exhausted, and increase the resistance to fatigue, effective and rapid recovery of physical strength. Carnitine is an appetite-promoting drug, which can stimulate appetite, regulate gastrointestinal function, promote the secretion of digestive juice and enhance the activity of digestive enzymes. For the treatment of indigestion, loss of appetite, chronic gastritis and abdominal distension, heating, etc. It is also used for the treatment of elderly digestive dysfunction, gastrointestinal disorders caused by pregnancy, infantile anorexia and anorexia. The product should not be mixed with alkaline drugs |
there are two methods. 1. The epichlorohydrin method reacts from epichlorohydrin and trimethylamine to form a quaternary ammonium salt to prepare 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyltrimethylamine chloride, which is then cyanated to 3-cyano-2-hydroxypropyltrimethylamine chloride, and finally hydrolyzed with concentrated hydrochloric acid to obtain carnitine hydrochloride. The route of this method is short and the yield is high. The reaction yield of quaternary amine salt is 91.5%, cyanidation reaction yield is 93.4%, hydrolysis reaction yield is 86%, and the product is easy to refine. The epichlorohydrin method can also adopt the process of cyanidation first, then quaternary ammonium salt, and finally hydrolysis, but the cyanidation reaction uses hydrocyanic acid, which is not easy to control, and it is not safe, and the yield is also low. 2. Ethyl bromoacetoacetate method uses & gamma; ethyl bromoacetoacetate as raw material, first reduced to & gamma with sodium tetrahydroborate;-ethyl bromoβ-hydroxybutyrate, and then reacted with trimethylamine to form a quaternary ammonium salt to obtain trimethylamine bromo-β-hydroxybutyrate ethyl ester, and finally hydrolyzed with hydrochloric acid to form carnitine hydrochloride. The raw materials of this method are easy to obtain and the process equipment requirements are general, but the reducing agent is expensive and the yield is low. The reduction yield is 50%, and the two-step yield of quaternary ammonium salt and hydrolysis is 30%.