In vitro study | (-)-DHMEQ (Dehydroxymethylepoxyquinomicin; 2-10 μg/mL; 12-48 hours) treatment significantly reduces the viability of all cell lines in a dose- and time-dependent manner, whereas the effect is not significant in a control cell line K562 without constitutive NF-κB activity. (-)-DHMEQ (10 μg/mL; 0-48 hours; TL-Om1, MT-1 and K562 cells) treatment significantly increases the Annexin V-positive cells in MT-1 and TL-Om1 cell lines. (-)-DHMEQ (10 μg/mL; 4-16 hours; MT-1 cells) treatment down-regulates Bcl-xL, Bcl-2, c-myc, cyclin D1, Rb, and p53, and up-regulates proapoptotic genes such as caspase-3, -8, and-9. (-)-DHMEQ treatment increases cells in G0 /G1 phase in a time-dependent manner, demonstrating antiproliferative effects of (-)-DHMEQ. (-)-DHMEQ binds to p65, cRel, RelB, and p50, but not to p52 at specific cysteine residues. (-)-DHMEQ inhibits not only DNA-binding of RelB, but also its interaction to importin. (-)-DHMEQ also induces instability of RelB. Cell Proliferation Assay Cell Line: TL-Om1, MT-1, KK-1, ST-1 and K562 cells Concentration: 2 μg/mL, 5 μg/mL, 10 μg/mL Incubation Time: 12 hours, 24 hours, 48 hours Result: Significantly reduced the viability of all cell lines in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Apoptosis Analysis Cell Line: TL-Om1, MT-1 and K562 cells Concentration: 10 μg/mL Incubation Time: 0 hours, 24 hours, 48 hours Result: Annexin V-positive cells were significantly increased after 24 to 48 hours. Western Blot Analysis Cell Line: MT-1 cells Concentration: 10 μg/mL Incubation Time: 4 hours, 8 hours, 16 hours Result: Annexin V-positive cells were significantly increased after 24 to 48 hours. |