Fluorene
Fluorene
CAS: 86-73-7
Molecular Formula: C13H10
Fluorene - Names and Identifiers
| Name | Fluorene |
| Synonyms | Fluorene 9H-fluorene 2,3-Benzindene FLUORENE,REAGENT o-Biphenylmethane METHYLENEBIPHENYL Diphenylenemethane diphenylene-methan Industrial fluorene o-Biphenylenemethane O-BIPHENYLENEMETHANE Methane, diphenylene- 2,2'-Methylemebiphemyl 2,2'-Methylemebiphemyl 2,2'-Methylenebiphenyl alpha-diphenylenemethane alpha-Diphenylenemethane-9H-fluorene |
| CAS | 86-73-7 |
| EINECS | 201-695-5 |
| InChI | InChI=1/C13H10/c1-3-7-12-10(5-1)9-11-6-2-4-8-13(11)12/h1-8H,9H2 |
| InChIKey | NIHNNTQXNPWCJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
Fluorene - Physico-chemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | C13H10 |
| Molar Mass | 166.22 |
| Density | 1.2 |
| Melting Point | 111-114 °C (lit.) |
| Boling Point | 298 °C (lit.) |
| Flash Point | 151 °C |
| Water Solubility | insoluble |
| Solubility | Soluble in hot alcohol, ether, benzene, and glacial acetic acid. Insoluble in water. |
| Vapor Presure | 13 hPa (146 °C) |
| Appearance | White crystal |
| Color | Almost white to light brown |
| Merck | 14,4155 |
| BRN | 1363491 |
| pKa | >15 (Christensen et al., 1975) |
| Storage Condition | room temp |
| Stability | Stable. Combustible. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents. |
| Refractive Index | 1.6470 |
| MDL | MFCD00001111 |
| Physical and Chemical Properties | The character is white, small patchy crystal, with fluorescence when impure. density 1.203 melting point 112-116°C boiling point 298°C flash point 151°C solubility insoluble in water, soluble in ethanol, ether, benzene, carbon disulfide and other organic solvents. |
| Use | Is the raw material of synthetic medicine, pesticide, dye, engineering plastics |
Fluorene - Risk and Safety
| Risk Codes | R50/53 - Very toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. R39/23/24/25 - R23/24/25 - Toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. R11 - Highly Flammable R67 - Vapors may cause drowsiness and dizziness R65 - Harmful: May cause lung damage if swallowed R38 - Irritating to the skin R36/38 - Irritating to eyes and skin. R36/37/38 - Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin. R52/53 - Harmful to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. R20 - Harmful by inhalation |
| Safety Description | S60 - This material and its container must be disposed of as hazardous waste. S61 - Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions / safety data sheets. S24/25 - Avoid contact with skin and eyes. S45 - In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label whenever possible.) S36/37 - Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves. S16 - Keep away from sources of ignition. S7 - Keep container tightly closed. S62 - If swallowed, do not induce vomitting; seek medical advice immediately and show this container or label. S33 - Take precautionary measures against static discharges. S24 - Avoid contact with skin. S22 - Do not breathe dust. S36/37/39 - Wear suitable protective clothing, gloves and eye/face protection. S27 - Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. S26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. S25 - Avoid contact with eyes. S9 - Keep container in a well-ventilated place. |
| UN IDs | UN 3077 9/PG 3 |
| WGK Germany | 3 |
| RTECS | LL5670000 |
| TSCA | Yes |
| HS Code | 29029080 |
| Hazard Note | Harmful |
| Hazard Class | 9 |
| Packing Group | III |
| Toxicity | Drinking water standard: No MCLGs or MCLs have been proposed, however, a DWEL of 1 mg/L was recommended (U.S. EPA, 2000). |
Fluorene - Nature
Open Data Verified Data
White small flake Crystal, impure with fluorescence. The relative density was 1.203. The melting point was 115-116 °c. Boiling point 297.9 °c. The heat of fusion was 350J/g. The heat of evaporation was 120. 9J/g. Insoluble in water, soluble in ethanol, ether, benzene, carbon disulfide and other organic solvents.
Last Update：2024-01-02 23:10:35
Fluorene - Preparation Method
Open Data Verified Data
in high temperature tar accounted for about 1.0% ~ 2.0%. Low naphthalene washing oil or washing oil residue is used as raw material, the fraction of 289~303 ℃ is cut out by rectification, cooled and crystallized, separated and pressed to obtain pressed fluorene, and industrial Fluorene is obtained after extraction with toluene.
Last Update：2022-01-01 10:40:15
Fluorene - Introduction
Soluble in water, soluble in alcohol, ether, benzene and carbon disulfide, easily soluble in glacial acetic acid.
Last Update：2022-10-16 17:29:23
Fluorene - Use
Open Data Verified Data
synthetic dyes, pharmaceuticals, pesticides, engineering plastics, impact organic glass and other raw materials. Trinitrofluorenone was synthesized for xerography, and aryl transparent nylon was synthesized. Fluorene can be used instead of anthraquinone synthesis of Yin danshilin dye; Manufacturing spasm-inhibiting drugs, sedatives, analgesics, hypotensive drugs; Synthetic insecticides, herbicides; Impact organic glass and fluorene aldehyde resin; Can also be used for wetting agent, detergent, liquid scintillators, disinfectants, etc.
Last Update：2022-01-01 10:40:15
Fluorene - Safety
Open Data Verified Data
This product is toxic, mice intraperitoneal injection LD50 260mg/kg. The operator should wear protective gear. This product is packed in plastic bags.
Last Update：2022-01-01 10:40:16
Fluorene - Reference Information
| Henry's Law Constant | 1.89(x 10-5 atm?m3/mol) at 4 °C, 12.5 at 25 °C (dynamic equilibrium method, Bamford et al., 1999) |
| LogP | 4.164 |
| (IARC) carcinogen classification | 3 (Vol. Sup 7, 92) 2010 |
| NIST chemical information | information provided by: webbook.nist.gov (external link) |
| EPA chemical substance information | information provided by: ofmpeb.epa.gov (external link) |
| Introduction | Fluorene is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon with the molecular formula C13H10. White flaky crystals, impure with fluorescence, have a characteristic aromatic odor similar to naphthalene. It is found in the high-boiling components of automobile exhaust, corn silk, and coal tar. Flammable. Insoluble in water, soluble in benzene, carbon disulfide, ethanol and ether. |
| Application | fluorene can be obtained by industrial synthesis and is used as a precursor for dyes, plastics, pesticides of the Yin danshi. From it can be synthesized 9-fluorenone, 9-methyl alcohol and trinitrofluorenone (for xerography) and other chemicals. Polyfluorene may be used as a luminophore in organic light-emitting diodes. |
| purpose | is a raw material for the synthesis of pharmaceuticals, pesticides, dyes, engineering plastics used as raw materials for organic synthesis. Can be made into trinitrofluorenone, used for xerography; Synthesis of aryl transparent nylon; Can be used to replace anthraquinone synthesis of Yin danshilin dye; Used in the manufacture of antispasmodic, sedative, analgesic, hypotensive drugs; Synthetic pesticides, herbicides; preparation of impact organic glass and fluorene aldehyde resin; Can also be used as wetting agent, detergent, liquid flash agent, disinfectant, etc. used in the preparation of medicines, dyes; Synthetic pesticides, herbicides; Impact-resistant organic glass and fluorene aldehyde resin; Used as wetting agent, detergent, liquid flash agent, disinfectant, etc, dyes and aromatic polyamides, etc. for organic synthesis |
| production method | The fluorene in high temperature tar contains about 1.0-2.0%. From the wash oil fraction, a fluorene fraction section having a temperature of 115 ° C. To ° C. Was cut, and a distillation column corresponding to theoretical plates was used for precise fractionation, with a reflux ratio of 15:1, and a narrow fraction having a temperature of ° C. Was cut. Industrial Fluorene is obtained by cooling, crystallization, and centrifugal separation to obtain crude fluorene, and recrystallization with 1:25 benzene or xylene. The industrial fluorene was dissolved in benzene, washed with 40% sulfuric acid, then neutralized and washed with water to desolute, the fluorene was re-distilled, and the distillate was recrystallized with gasoline and ethanol, pure fluorene was obtained with a purity of 95%. |
| toxic substance data | information provided by: pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov (external link) |
Last Update：2024-05-08 11:09:40
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