GLYCIDOL
Glycidol
CAS: 556-52-5
Molecular Formula: C3H6O2
GLYCIDOL - Names and Identifiers
| Name | Glycidol |
| Synonyms | Glycidol GLYCIDOL GLYCEROGLYCIDE GLYCEROLGLYCIDE oxiran-2-ylmethanol 2,3-EPOXY-1-PROPANOL 2,3-Epoxy-1-propanol 2,3-EPOXYPROPAN-1-OL (2R)-oxiran-2-ylmethanol 3-HYDROXYPROPYLENE OXIDE (2S)-oxiran-2-ylmethanol 3-Hydroxy-1,2-epoxypropane 3-HYDROXY-1,2-EPOXYPROPANE |
| CAS | 556-52-5 |
| EINECS | 209-128-3 |
| InChI | InChI=1/C2H4O.CH4O/c1-2-3-1;1-2/h1-2H2;2H,1H3 |
| InChIKey | CTKINSOISVBQLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
GLYCIDOL - Physico-chemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | C3H6O2 |
| Molar Mass | 74.08 |
| Density | 1.117 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.) |
| Melting Point | -54 °C |
| Boling Point | 61-62 °C/15 mmHg (lit.) |
| Flash Point | 178°F |
| Water Solubility | soluble |
| Solubility | Soluble in acetone, alcohol, benzene, chloroform, and ether (Weast, 1986) |
| Vapor Presure | 0.9 mm Hg ( 25 °C) |
| Vapor Density | 2.15 (vs air) |
| Appearance | Powder, Crystals or Chunks |
| Color | White to light yellow-beige |
| Exposure Limit | TLV-TWA 75 mg/m3(25 ppm) (ACGIH);150 mg/m3(50 ppm) (OSHA); IDLH500 ppm (NIOSH). |
| Merck | 13,4503 |
| BRN | 383562 |
| pKa | 14.62±0.10(Predicted) |
| Storage Condition | -20°C |
| Stability | Stability Stable, but may explode on contact with strong acids, strong bases, heavy metals, heavy metal salts. May decompose on exposure to water or moist air. |
| Refractive Index | n20/D 1.433(lit.) |
| Physical and Chemical Properties | Colorless and nearly odorless liquid. |
| Use | It is used as a stabilizer for natural oil and vinyl polymer, demulsifier, dyeing layering agent, for surface coating, chemical synthesis, bactericide, etc |
GLYCIDOL - Risk and Safety
| Hazard Symbols | T - Toxic |
| Risk Codes | R45 - May cause cancer R60 - May impair fertility R21/22 - Harmful in contact with skin and if swallowed. R23 - Toxic by inhalation R36/37/38 - Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin. R68 - Possible risk of irreversible effects |
| Safety Description | S53 - Avoid exposure - obtain special instructions before use. S45 - In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label whenever possible.) S36/37 - Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves. S26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. |
| UN IDs | UN 2810 6.1/PG 3 |
| WGK Germany | 3 |
| RTECS | UB4375000 |
| FLUKA BRAND F CODES | 10-21 |
| HS Code | 29109000 |
| Hazard Note | Toxic |
| Hazard Class | 6.1(b) |
| Packing Group | III |
| Toxicity | Acute oral LD50 for mice 431 mg/kg, rats 420 mg/kg (quoted, RTECS, 1985). |
GLYCIDOL - Nature
Open Data Verified Data
A colorless and nearly odorless liquid. Boiling point 16 2~163 degrees C (decomposition). Melting Point -53 °c. Flash point 71.5 °c. Ignition point: 415 ℃. The relative density was 1. 115. Refractive index (nDo) 4311. Viscosity (20 °c) 4.OOrnPa.s. Surface tension 45.3mN/m (22 °c). Water, low carbon alcohol, ether, benzene, toluene, chloroform and other miscible, partially soluble in xylene, tetrachloroethylene, 1,1,1 trichloroethane, almost insoluble in aliphatic and cycloaliphatic hydrocarbons.
Last Update：2024-01-02 23:10:35
GLYCIDOL - Preparation Method
Open Data Verified Data
- glycerol chlorohydrin method this method was the main synthesis method of glycidol before the 50s of the 20th century.
- allyl alcohol method allyl alcohol and hydrogen peroxide in the catalyst (such as NaHW04) in aqueous solution reaction (temperature 40~45 ℃,pH 4~5), the by-produced acrolein and unreacted allyl alcohol were separated, and then the glycidol was obtained by vacuum distillation.
Last Update：2022-01-01 10:15:29
GLYCIDOL - Use
Open Data Verified Data
It is mainly used as epoxy resin diluent, plastic and fiber modifier, halogenated hydrocarbon stabilizer, food preservation agent, bactericide, refrigeration system desiccant and aromatic extractant. Glycidol derivatives are resins, plastics, pharmaceuticals, pesticides and additives and other industrial raw materials.
Last Update：2022-01-01 10:15:30
GLYCIDOL - Safety
Open Data Verified Data
- can be inhaled through the skin of the human body. Contact with it can cause skin, eyes, respiratory tract, gastrointestinal mucosa corrosion. Long-term contact will cause skin necrosis and serious harm to the cornea. Safety glasses, protective gloves and related protective equipment must be worn when handling and handling glycidol.
- the storage container must be clean to prevent rearrangement and polymerization. In order to prevent the occurrence of the polymerization reaction, it is often stored in an inert solvent such as benzene, toluene, ketone, Ester, ether, secondary alcohol or tertiary alcohol.
Last Update：2022-01-01 10:15:30
GLYCIDOL - Reference Information
| LogP | -0.95 at 25℃ |
| NIST chemical information | Information provided by: webbook.nist.gov (external link) |
| (IARC) carcinogen classification | 2A (Vol. 77) 2000 |
| EPA chemical information | Information provided by: ofmpub.epa.gov (external link) |
| packaging and storage | storage containers for glycidyl must be cleaned to prevent rearrangement and polymerization. In order to prevent polymerization, it is often stored in inert solvents, such as benzene, toluene, ketones, and ethers. |
| introduction | epoxy propanol is also called glycidyl, which is used as a stabilizer for natural oil and vinyl polymer, demulsifier and dyeing layering agent, and is used for surface coating, chemical synthesis, fungicide, etc. Part of the oil is hydrolyzed in the human gastrointestinal tract after high-temperature refining, and eventually epoxy propanol is formed. |
| use | mainly used as epoxy resin diluent, plastic and fiber modifier, halogenated hydrocarbon stabilizer, food preservation agent, fungicide, refrigeration system desiccant and aromatic hydrocarbon extractant, etc. Derivatives of glycidyl are raw materials for resins, plastics, medicines, pesticides and additives. An important fine chemical raw material, used as a stabilizer for natural oil and vinyl polymers, demulsifiers, dyeing layering agents, and also used to synthesize glycerol, glycidyl ether (amine, etc.) intermediates. Can be used for surface coatings, chemical synthesis, medicine, pharmaceutical chemicals, fungicides and solid fuel gels. |
| Production method | 1. The glycerol chloride method is obtained by reacting chloropropanediol in the presence of alkali. The reaction is carried out at about 0 ℃, and the reaction products are separated from the salts and refined by distillation under reduced pressure to obtain pure glycidyl. 2. Glycidyl can be obtained by epoxidation of allyl alcohol with hydrogen peroxide or peracetic acid by alcohol propylene method. When peracetic acid is used as a cyclic oxidant, the reaction speed is faster, and the glycidyl in the product is very easy to react with acetic acid to form glycidyl acetate, which makes distillation and separation difficult, and the mixture of glycidyl and acetic acid can occur at room temperature Strong exothermic reaction causes explosion, so this method is very difficult to apply in industry. When hydrogen peroxide is used as cyclic oxidant, hexavalent tungstic acid is used as catalyst, the reaction temperature is 40-45 ℃, the molar ratio of raw materials is water: allyl alcohol: hydrogen peroxide = 33.5:1.5:1.0, the amount of catalyst is 1.5-2.0g/mol hydrogen peroxide, the pH value of the reaction mixture is 4-5, and the reaction residence time is 2.5-3h. |
| category | toxic substances |
| toxicity classification | highly toxic |
| acute toxicity | oral-rat LD50: 420 mg/kg; Oral-mouse LD50: 431 mg/kg |
| stimulation data | skin-rabbit 100 mg/24 hours moderate; Eye-rabbit 2 mg/24 hours severe |
| explosive hazard characteristics | high temperature mixed with air can explode |
| flammability hazard characteristics | combustible, spicy and irritating smoke from the fire site |
| storage and transportation characteristics | warehouse is low temperature, ventilated and dry; Fire prevention; Store separately from oxidant and food raw materials |
| fire extinguishing agent | water, carbon dioxide, dry powder |
| occupational standard | TWA 75 mg/m3; STEL 113 mg/m3 |
| auto-ignition temperature | 780 °F |
| toxic substance data | information provided by: pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov (external link) |
| immediate life-threatening and health concentration | 150 ppm |
Last Update：2024-04-09 21:11:58
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