Isopentan
2-Methylbutane
CAS: 78-78-4
Molecular Formula: C5H12
Isopentan - Names and Identifiers
| Name | 2-Methylbutane |
| Synonyms | iso-C5H12 Isopentan iso-Pentan Isopentane ISO-PENTANE methylbutane 2-Methylbutane |
| CAS | 78-78-4 |
| EINECS | 201-142-8 |
| InChI | InChI=1/C5H12/c1-4-5(2)3/h5H,4H2,1-3H3 |
Isopentan - Physico-chemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | C5H12 |
| Molar Mass | 72.15 |
| Density | 0.62g/mLat 25°C(lit.) |
| Melting Point | -160 °C |
| Boling Point | 30°C(lit.) |
| Flash Point | −51°C |
| Water Solubility | Miscible with water, hydrocarbons, oils, alcohol and ether. |
| Solubility | 0.048g/l |
| Vapor Presure | 11.17 psi ( 20 °C) |
| Vapor Density | 2.6 (vs air) |
| Appearance | Liquid |
| Color | Clear colorless |
| Exposure Limit | ACGIH TLV: TWA 600 ppm (adopted). |
| Maximum wavelength(λmax) | ['λ: 192 nm Amax: 1.00', , 'λ: 210 nm Amax: 0.30', , 'λ: 220 nm Amax: 0.07', , 'λ: 24 |
| BRN | 1730723 |
| pKa | >14 (Schwarzenbach et al., 1993) |
| Storage Condition | 2-8°C |
| Stability | Stable. Extremely flammable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents. Vapour-air mixtures explosive in certain proportions. Incompatible with rubber, various plastics. |
| Explosive Limit | 1.3-7.6%(V) |
| Refractive Index | n20/D 1.354(lit.) |
| Physical and Chemical Properties | Colorless transparent liquid. The melting point is -160 °c, the boiling point is 27.85 °c (30-30.2 °c), the relative density is 0.6201, the refractive index is 1.3537, and the flash point is -56 °c. With ethanol, ether miscible, insoluble in water. |
| Use | It can be used as solvent of catalyst in polyethylene production, foaming agent of expandable polystyrene, foaming agent of polyurethane foam system, deasphalting solvent, etc |
Isopentan - Risk and Safety
| Risk Codes | R12 - Extremely Flammable R51/53 - Toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. R65 - Harmful: May cause lung damage if swallowed R66 - Repeated exposure may cause skin dryness or cracking R67 - Vapors may cause drowsiness and dizziness |
| Safety Description | S9 - Keep container in a well-ventilated place. S16 - Keep away from sources of ignition. S29 - Do not empty into drains. S33 - Take precautionary measures against static discharges. S61 - Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions / safety data sheets. S62 - If swallowed, do not induce vomitting; seek medical advice immediately and show this container or label. |
| UN IDs | UN 1265 3/PG 1 |
| WGK Germany | 2 |
| RTECS | EK4430000 |
| TSCA | Yes |
| HS Code | 29011000 |
| Hazard Class | 3 |
| Packing Group | I |
Isopentan - Nature
Open Data Verified Data
isopentane is a colorless flammable liquid. Extremely flammable, its vapor and air can form an explosive mixture. It is highly flammable and explosive when exposed to open flame and high heat. Strong reactions with oxidants can occur and even cause combustion. Its vapor is heavier than air, and it can diffuse to a fairly far place at a lower point, and it will lead back to ignition in the event of an open flame. In case of high fever, the internal pressure of the container increases, and there is a risk of cracking and explosion.
Last Update：2024-01-02 23:10:35
Isopentan - Hair-making
Open Data Verified Data
dehydrate tert-amyl alcohol to obtain a mixture of 2-methyl -1-butene, 2-methyl -2-Butene and 3-methyl -1-butene, the crude isopentane was prepared by hydrogenation, and then high purity isopentane was obtained by distillation. Natural gas condensate can also be used as raw material, C2, C3, C4 and n-pentane fractions can be removed by pressure distillation, and high purity isopentane can be prepared.
Last Update：2022-01-01 09:31:45
Isopentan - Use
Open Data Verified Data
for the preparation of standard gas, calibration gas.
Last Update：2022-01-01 09:31:45
Isopentan - Safety
Open Data Verified Data
mice inhaled LC50:lOOOmg/m3. With anesthesia and mild stimulation. Can cause eye and respiratory tract irritation symptoms, severe anesthesia symptoms, and even loss of consciousness. Store in a cool, ventilated warehouse, Isolation with oxidant, away from the fire, hot climate to take cooling measures. Do not expose to sunlight.
Last Update：2022-01-01 09:31:46
Isopentan - Reference Information
| olfactory Threshold | 1.3ppm |
| Henry's Law Constant | (atm?m3/mol):1.24 at 25 °C (approximate - calculated from water solubility and vapor pressure) |
| LogP | 3.4 at 20℃ |
| NIST chemical information | information provided by: webbook.nist.gov (external link) |
| EPA chemical substance information | information provided by: ofmpeb.epa.gov (external link) |
| Use | when used as a solvent, it has the same effect as pentane, hexane, heptane, etc., and the solubility is slightly worse than pentane. The product has a high octane number and can be used as a fuel for automobiles and aircraft. it can be used as solvent of catalyst in polyethylene production, foaming agent of expandable polystyrene, foaming agent of polyurethane foam system, deasphalting solvent and so on |
| production method | is obtained by separation from petroleum cracking products or oil from platinum reforming. Technical grade 2-methylbutane contains impurities such as alkanes, cycloalkanes, unsaturated hydrocarbons and water with similar boiling points. The unsaturated hydrocarbon is removed by washing with concentrated sulfuric acid; The water is removed with a dehydrating agent such as anhydrous calcium chloride, phosphorus pentoxide or sodium metal, and the dehydration can also be performed by using molecular sieve; Finally, it is fractionated and refined, the distillate was treated with a high temperature activated silica gel adsorption column to remove trace amounts of linear hydrocarbon impurities. 2-methyl butane can be obtained by Catalytic isomerization of pentane in liquid phase at 95 ℃. |
| category | flammable liquid |
| toxicity grade | low toxicity |
| Acute toxicity | inhalation-mouse LCL0: 419000 mg/m3/2 h |
| explosive hazard characteristics | explosive when mixed with air |
| flammability hazard characteristics | in case of open flame, high temperature, flammable oxidant; Combustion stimulus smoke |
| storage and transportation characteristics | The warehouse is ventilated and dried at low temperature; Stored separately from oxidants and acids |
| extinguishing agent | dry powder, dry sand, carbon dioxide, foam |
| Occupational Standard | TWA 1500 mg/m3 |
| spontaneous combustion temperature | 788 ° F. |
| toxic substance data | information provided by: pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov (external link) |
Last Update：2024-04-09 21:04:16
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