| Name | N-Nitrocarbamide |
| Synonyms | NITROUREA nitro-ure N-Nitrourea 1-Nitrourea Urea, nitro- Urea, N-nitro- N-Nitrocarbamide |
| CAS | 556-89-8 |
| EINECS | 209-144-0 |
| Molecular Formula | CH3N3O3 |
| Molar Mass | 105.05 |
| Density | 1.557±0.06 g/cm3(Predicted) |
| Melting Point | 158.5 ºC (DEC.) |
| Boling Point | 197.01°C (rough estimate) |
| Appearance | Color Crystals or leaflets orprisms from EtOH; orplatelets from EtOH/ligroin |
| pKa | pK (20°) 2.15 |
| Refractive Index | 1.4451 (estimate) |
| Physical and Chemical Properties | Chemical properties white crystalline powder. Melting point 159 ℃ (decomposition). Soluble in alcohol, ether, acetone and acetic acid, slightly soluble in water. The product is sensitive to impact and heat. |
| Use | Uses for organic synthesis and biochemical research. |
| Safety Description | S17 - Keep away from combustible material. S36/37/39 - Wear suitable protective clothing, gloves and eye/face protection. S45 - In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label whenever possible.) |
| UN IDs | 147 |
| Hazard Class | 1.1D |
| Packing Group | II |
| Raw Materials | Urea nitrate |
| Downstream Products | 4,5-Diaminouracil cyanic acid N-N-OCTADECYLUREA 1,1-DIETHYLUREA 1,1-DIMETHYLUREA 2,4-Dihydroxybenzamide |
application
for organic synthesis and biochemical research. It is made by the action of urea nitrate and sulfuric acid. Nitrourea is a widely used organic chemical raw material and organic synthesis intermediate. Due to its specific electronic structure, it can carry out many forms of chemical reactions. Therefore, it has important applications in the preparation of medicines, explosives, foaming agents and various additives.
Preparation
A method for preparing nitrourea in a microchannel reactor. The method includes the following steps: (1) The materials required in the reaction are urea, concentrated sulfuric acid and concentrated nitric acid, and the materials are respectively passed into each straight channel module in the microchannel reactor for heat exchange to the reaction temperature. The set temperature is controlled by an external heat exchanger, and the heat exchange medium is heat transfer oil, add urea to concentrated sulfuric acid to prepare urea-concentrated sulfuric acid suspension. The molar ratio of urea to sulfuric acid is 1:1~1:10. Through the heat exchange module and the mixing module, urea is dissolved in sulfuric acid to prepare sulfuric acid solution of urea sulfate. The second step is the nitration reaction of urea sulfate, and the molar ratio of urea sulfate to nitric acid is controlled to be 1:0.8~1:20, control the flow rate of the sulfuric acid solution of urea sulfate: 2~50 mL/min; Control the flow rate of nitric acid: 0.2~100 mL/min; Synchronously enter the enhanced mass transfer module through the respective metering pumps for mixing reaction, and the mixing temperature is also controlled by the external heat exchanger; (2) Control the flow rate of each material through the flow rate, and after mixing and reacting in the mixing module, continue to pass a series of enhanced mass transfer modules and DC microchannel modules. After the reaction process is completed, the product is post-processed; the reaction residence time of the first step reaction is 20~100s, and the reaction temperature is -5~30 ℃; The reaction residence time of the second step is 50~150s, and the reaction temperature is -5~20 ℃; (3) The reaction mixture directly flows into the separator equipped with ice water, stir while adding, and the solid is continuously precipitated. After stopping feeding, continue stirring for 10min, filtration, washing, and drying under reduced pressure at 30 ℃ for 5h to obtain white crystalline powder with a yield of 90% ~ 98% and a melting point of 157~159 ℃.
production method
cool 700ml concentrated sulfuric acid to -3 ℃, add 200g of dried powdered urea nitrate in stages at a temperature not exceeding 0 ℃, then pour the reactant on 1kg of crushed ice, filter, wash the filter cake with cold water, and dry to obtain 120-150g nitrourea.
category
Explosives
explosive hazard characteristics
High heat, vibration, impact, friction can explode
flammability hazard characteristics
Decomposition of toxic nitrogen oxide gas by heat
storage and transportation features
Lightweight; ventilated warehouse, away from open flames, high temperature, sunlight; separate storage from oxidants and combustibles
fire extinguishing agent
Misty water, foam
| NIST chemical information | Nitrourea(556-89-8) |
| EPA chemical information | Urea, nitro- (556-89-8) |