Nitrogen
Nitrogen
CAS: 7727-37-9
Molecular Formula: N2
Nitrogen - Names and Identifiers
| Name | Nitrogen |
| Synonyms | Diazyne NITROGEN Nitrogen Dinitrogen azote,liquide nitrogen,liquid Liquid nitrogen CAL-MAT NITROGEN NITROGEN STANDARD Diatomic nitrogen HYDROGEN NITROGEN HYDROGEN AND NITROGEN NITROGEN STANDARD, (AS AMMONIA) |
| CAS | 7727-37-9 |
| EINECS | 231-783-9 |
| InChI | InChI=1/N2/c1-2 |
Nitrogen - Physico-chemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | N2 |
| Molar Mass | 28.01 |
| Density | 1.2506 |
| Melting Point | −210°C(lit.) |
| Boling Point | −196°C(lit.) |
| Water Solubility | slightly soluble H2O; insoluble alcohol [HAW93] |
| Solubility | At 20 °C and at a pressure of 101 kPa, 1 volume dissolves in about 62 volumes of water and about 10 volumes of ethanol (96 per cent). |
| Vapor Density | 0.97 (vs air) |
| Appearance | colorless gas |
| Merck | 13,6634 |
| Physical and Chemical Properties | Characteristics of colorless, odorless, tasteless, can be compressed to high pressure gas. melting point -209.86 ℃ boiling point -195.8 ℃ relative density 1.2506 solubility soluble in water, slightly soluble in alcohol. |
| Use | For nitric acid, ammonia synthesis, calcium cyanamide, explosives, etc |
Nitrogen - Risk and Safety
| Safety Description | 38 - In case of insufficient ventilation, wear suitable respiratory equipment. |
| UN IDs | UN 1066 2.2 |
| WGK Germany | - |
| RTECS | QW9700000 |
| FLUKA BRAND F CODES | 4.5-31 |
| Hazard Class | 2.2 |
Nitrogen - Upstream Downstream Industry
| Raw Materials | Nitrogen |
| Downstream Products | Hydrochloric acid Titanium(IV) chloride Boron nitride Aluminum nitride calcium cyanamide Hydrogen peroxide Ethylene Benzene Ethyl Alcohol |
Nitrogen - Reference Information
| NIST chemical information | information provided by: webbook.nist.gov (external link) |
| EPA chemical substance information | information provided by: ofmpeb.epa.gov (external link) |
| Introduction | nitrogen: symbol N. A colorless gas element belonging to group 15 (main group VB) of the periodic table. It occurs in air (about 78% of the volume) and is an important component of proteins and nucleic acids in living organisms. Nitrogen has 19 isotopes, two of which are stable. The ratio of stable nitrogen and its abundance to the natural nitrogen on the Earth is: N-14 = 99.634%,N-15 = 0.366%. The other 17 isotopes are radioactive and are man-made in nuclear reactors with half-lives ranging from a few nanoseconds to 9.965 minutes. In the natural gas state, nitrogen is a relatively inert diatomic molecule (N2), colorless, tasteless and tasteless, but it is responsible for hundreds of active compounds. It accounts for about 78% of the air we breathe. We constantly inhale it into the lungs without irritation or sensation. Therefore, we did not find its presence. After liquefaction, still colorless and tasteless, density similar to water. |
| History of discovery | Swedish chemist Carl Scheele and Scottish botanist Daniel Rutherford nitrogen was found in the 1772 division. The clergy cvendish and lavasite also acquired nitrogen independently at about the same time. Nitrogen was first recognized as an element by lavoisiier, who named it "azo", meaning "inanimate". This element was named nitrogen by Chaptal in 1790. The name is derived from the Greek word "nitre" (nitrate containing nitrogen in nitrate). |
| Source | nitrogen is the 30th most abundant element on Earth. Considering that nitrogen accounts for more than 78% of the atmosphere, that is, more than of the nitrogen, we can use almost unlimited amounts of nitrogen. More than 3,3 million tons of nitrogen are produced annually from liquefied air, followed by fractional distillation in the atmosphere to produce nitrogen and other gases. Nitrogen is also present in the form of nitrates in a variety of minerals, such as Chile niter (sodium nitrate), niter or niter (potassium nitrate) and minerals containing ammonium salts. Nitrogen is present in many complex organic molecules, including proteins and amino acids that are present in all living organisms. |
| Applications | nitrogen is commonly referred to as an inert gas and is used in certain inert atmospheres for metal treatment, and used in the bulb to prevent the generation of an arc, but it is not chemically inert. It is an essential element in the life of plants and animals, and is a component of many useful compounds. Nitrogen combines with many metals to form hard nitrides, which can be used as wear-resistant metals. Small amounts of nitrogen in steel inhibit grain growth at high temperatures and also increase the strength of certain steels. It can also be used to create a hard surface on steel. Nitrogen can be used in the manufacture of ammonia, nitric acid, nitrate, cyanide, etc.; In the manufacture of explosives; Filling high temperature thermometers, incandescent bulbs; Forming inert materials to preserve materials for use in dry boxes or glove bags. Liquid nitrogen during food freezing; Used as a coolant in the laboratory. |
| preparation | nitrogen is obtained in commercial quantities by fractionation of liquefied air. |
| hazardous | nitrogen is non-toxic, but it is a asphyxiating gas that by itself cannot support oxidation (combustion) or life-sustaining. If you breathe pure nitrogen at any time, you die-not because nitrogen is a toxic gas, but because your body will be deprived of oxygen. |
| Product description | n↑, usually a colorless, odorless, odorless, non-toxic gas, and nitrogen is generally less dense than air. Nitrogen accounts for 78.08% of the total atmosphere (volume fraction), is one of the main components of the air. When nitrogen is cooled to -195.8 °c at standard atmospheric pressure, it becomes a colorless liquid, and when cooled to -209.8 °c, the liquid nitrogen becomes a snow-like solid. The chemical nature of nitrogen is not active, almost completely inert gas, can cause asphyxia in high concentrations. |
| identification test | The combustion flame should be extinguished in nitrogen. |
| toxicity | ADI is not required (FAO/WHO,2001). GRAS(FDA,§ 184.1540,2000). nitrogen itself is non-toxic. Only when the oxygen pressure is significantly low, the toxicity of nitrogen is exhibited. At atmospheric pressure of 3.923 × 3.138 (I. E., at a nitrogen pressure of), the visual, auditory, and olfactory stimuli were blunted. When producing liquid nitrogen, wear protective gloves and glasses, and the workshop should be ventilated to ensure safe transportation. |
| Use | for nitric acid, ammonia, calcium cyanamide, explosives, etc. for electrical appliances, food packaging filling gas, thermal oxidation, epitaxial diffusion, chemical vapor deposition, etc. in the preparation process of semiconductor devices can also be used for gas chromatography for rare gas extraction and freezing, cryogenic treatment of instruments or parts can be used as protective gas for large-scale integrated circuits, and as air and oxygen dispersant for bulb filling gas. refrigerant, can be used as a direct refrigerant for rapid freezing of food; Packaging gas (used to replace the residual air in the packaging container, to extend the shelf life). Dosage depends on normal production needs (FAO/WHO,2001)GB 2760-1996 as food processing aids. chemical industry for the synthesis of ammonia, nitric acid, calcium cyanamide, cyanide, hydrogen peroxide production. Pure nitrogen is used as a protective gas against oxidation, volatilization, flammable substances, bulb filling gas. Liquid nitrogen is mainly used as a cold source for deep freezing of instruments or parts and quick freezing of food. It is also used in low-temperature micro-grinding and electronic industry. It is used in fertilizer, medicine, animal husbandry, refrigeration and electronic industries. used in metal smelting, chemical industry, mechanical processing and other industries |
| production method | The air separation method uses a full low pressure process, which first removes dust and mechanical impurities from the air, the compressed air is then compressed in a compressor to remove carbon dioxide from the compressed air, dried, liquefied, rectified, and separated into oxygen and nitrogen. Nitrogen is stored in the nitrogen holder; Liquid nitrogen is sent into the storage tank and compressed nitrogen is filled in the nitrogen cylinder. oxygen and nitrogen are separated by liquid air fractionation in industry. |
| category | hazardous gas |
| explosive hazard characteristics | The cylinder is hot and explosive |
| flammability hazard characteristics | non-flammable; Non-toxic; Asphyxiating |
| storage and transportation characteristics | warehouse ventilation and low temperature drying; Light loading and light unloading |
| extinguishing agent | Water |
| DOT Classification | 2.2 (Nonflammable gas) |
| toxic substance data | information provided by: pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov (external link) |
Last Update：2024-09-04 09:42:55
Nitrogen - Nature
Open Data Verified Data
colorless, odorless, tasteless, non-toxic inert gas. Boiling point -195. 79 ℃; Melting point -210. 01 ℃; Relative density (gas)(0 ℃,101. 325kPa)1. 25046g- L-1. Inert at room temperature, slightly soluble in water, alcohol and ether. The chemical nature of nitrogen is not active, in the usual state of great inertia, not easy to react with other substances. Nitrogen is not flammable. It can be combined with some particularly reactive metals, such as lithium and magnesium, to form nitrides, and can also be combined with hydrogen, oxygen and other elements at high temperatures. Slightly soluble in water and most other liquids, is a poor conductor of heat and electricity.
Last Update：2024-01-02 23:10:35
Nitrogen - Preparation Method
Open Data Verified Data
high purity nitrogen is generally produced by air separation unit of nitrogen as raw material, through chemical method, adsorption drying method, pressure swing adsorption method and membrane separation method of purification
Last Update：2022-01-01 08:54:49
Nitrogen - Use
Open Data Verified Data
It is used as a carrier gas at the time of chemical vapor deposition, a carrier gas for a liquid diffusion source, a protective gas for a device in a high-temperature diffusion furnace, and the like in the manufacture of integrated circuits, semiconductors, and electrovacuum devices. The purity of nitrogen is required to be more than 99. 99% in picture tube manufacturing, and the purity of nitrogen used as base gas in integrated circuit manufacturing is 99. 999% to 99. 9999%, or even higher. In the production of some metal materials, high purity nitrogen is required.
Last Update：2022-01-01 08:54:50
Nitrogen - Safety
Open Data Verified Data
non-toxic, is a kind of asphyxiating gas. Nitrogen can make people and animals suffocation, if people in the nitrogen content of more than 82% of the environment for a long time, the risk of hypoxia will occur, in the nitrogen content of more than 94% of the environment, death due to severe hypoxia. Store in cool
To avoid impact.
Last Update：2022-01-01 08:54:50
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Raw Materials for Nitrogen
Downstream Products for Nitrogen