| Name | DL-Sulforaphane |
| Synonyms | sulforafan sulforaphan sulforaphane R-SULFORAPHANE DL-Sulforaphane R,S-SULFORAPHANE Sulforaphane Racemate |
| CAS | 4487-93-7 |
| EINECS | 200-001-8 |
| Molecular Formula | C6H11NOS2 |
| Molar Mass | 177.29 |
| Density | 1.17±0.1 g/cm3(Predicted) |
| Boling Point | 125-135°C |
| Appearance | Form liquid, color slightly yellow |
| Storage Condition | -20°C |
| Safety Description | S23 - Do not breathe vapour. S24/25 - Avoid contact with skin and eyes. |
| WGK Germany | 3 |
| HS Code | 29309090 |
natural anticancer substance
Sulforaphane, also known as "radish seed", is rich in cruciferous plants such as broccoli, kale, and northern carrot. It is a common antioxidant and a natural anti-cancer substance. The most effective and effective active ingredient. It is a multifunctional inducer that can induce the body to produce type II detoxification enzymes-glutenin transferase and quinone reductase. This enzyme can develop resistance to many carcinogens and prevent carcinogens from destroying healthy cells. Genetic factors, thereby playing an anti-cancer effect.
discovery history
In 1992, Talare's laboratory announced the discovery of a super substance that induces phase2 enzyme, called sulforaphane, a chemical extracted from cauliflower, which has anti-cancer effects. He immediately used mice exposed to carcinogens as the research object to start research on sulforaphane. The results of the study are really amazing. Among the mice receiving sulforaphane, the number of mice that originally had breast tumors was greatly reduced by 60%. What's more, in mice suffering from cancer, the size of the tumor has also decreased by 75%. In view of the above reasons, it is of far-reaching significance to extract or synthesize sulforaphane from cruciferous plants and to develop and produce health food.
Japanese nutritionist Professor Yoko Fukujia and others have verified through experiments: the isothiocyanate derivative contained in cruciferous plants such as cabbage and cauliflower-sulforaphane has the effect of treating cancer and killing leukemia cells. This is the first time that it has the effect of killing leukemia cells.
anticancer effect
Sulforaphane is a multifunctional enzyme inducer, which can induce the body to produce type II detoxification enzyme-glutathione transferase (GST) and quinone reductase (QR), which can neutralize Suspected carcinogens prevent carcinogens from destroying genetic factors in healthy cells, thereby playing an anti-cancer role. Sulforaphane is only one of many isothiocyanate derivatives with anti-cancer activity. It has been discovered that an isothiocyanate compound, whether natural or synthetic, can directly inhibit the gene starter/5-UTR region The methylation of CpGDNA can directly inhibit the activity of histone deacetylase (histonedeacethylases,HADC), and selectively promote histone acetylation and methylation, in turn, some genes with important functions that have been abnormally closed in cancer cells are restored to expression, and their normal functions are exerted, so that the malignant proliferation of cancer cells can be controlled, which can effectively inhibit colon cancer, gastric cancer, lung cancer, prostate cancer, and liver cancer., Colon cancer, melanoma and neuroblastoma and other transplanted human tumor cells grow. Compared with known DNA methylation inhibitors and natural or synthetic histone deacetylase inhibitors, this series of compounds are unique dual inhibitors, and have strong anti-cancer effects and low toxic side effects. Stable biological properties can be used to treat and prevent various malignant tumors.
Researchers from the British Food Research Institute believe that sulforaphane can stimulate the body's self-anti-cancer mechanism. Evidence shows that sulforaphane can help antioxidants maintain a healthy balance when the environment, food and other carcinogens affect the human body. Because sulforaphane can activate a gene in the human body, this gene will increase the level of antioxidants, and the HDAC enzyme produced can prevent tumor growth. At the same time, sulforaphane can also promote the human body to produce enzymes that excrete carcinogens.
After people eat broccoli, they will produce sulforaphane because of their intake of glycosides. Researchers from the British Food Research Institute believe that sulforaphane can stimulate the body's self-anti-cancer mechanism. Sulforaphane can activate a human gene that increases antioxidant levels and blocks an enzyme that can promote tumor growth. Studies have shown that sulforaphane may stop the development of cancer stem cells, while chemotherapy and radiotherapy may lead to a rebound in the growth of cancer cells.
extraction separation
1. Lin yi et al. extracted sulforaphane from broccoli seeds. the results showed that when the hydrolysis pH value was 4.0, the hydrolysis time was 12h, and the extraction solvent was ethyl acetate, the extraction rate of sulforaphane reached 3.5% and the extraction purity exceeded 95%.
2. In order to improve the purity of sulforaphane, Liu Xijian and others studied the separation and purification process of sulforaphane with macroporous resin. Through experimental research, SP850 resin suitable for separation of sulforaphane was screened out. The results show that SP850 resin only starts to leak when treating about 20 BV ( 1BV = 10mL) sulforaphane solution, and the dynamic adsorption curve can be described by Bohart-Adams mathematical model. The suitable technological conditions for purification of sulforaphane by SP850 resin are as follows: the liquid volume of the upper column is 20 BV, the flow rate of the upper column is 5BV/ h, the volume fraction of ethanol in the eluent is 50%, the volume of eluent is 6BV, and the elution rate is 3BV/h. Under these conditions, the adsorption capacity is 32.83 mg/mL resin, the elution rate is as high.
chemical synthesis and enzymatic preparation
At present, there are three main methods for artificial synthesis of sulforaphane: 1. Chemical synthesis; 2. Enzymatic method; 3. Combination of chemical method and enzymatic method.
1. chemical synthesis: in 2003, a research group composed of Desai et al. synthesized sulforaphane in five steps with isotope labeling, with a yield of ~ 10%.
2. Enzymatic method: extract sulforaphane precursor-glucose raphane glycoside from cruciferous vegetables, and prepare sulforaphane by hydrolysis.
3. Combination of chemical method and enzymatic method: The combination of chemical synthesis and enzymatic extraction is to extract glucose triglyceride from arugula seeds, and use glucose triglyceride as raw material through selective oxidation The reaction prepares glucose radish glycoside, and then hydrolyzes to obtain sulforaphane. The process is expected to be industrialized.
efficacy
It has been studied that sulforaphane has anti-tumor, helps to remove lung bacteria, and prevents gout. It can also be used as an adjuvant treatment for leukemia.