Vafol
Vitamin A
CAS: 68-26-8;11103-57-4
Molecular Formula: C20H30O
Vafol - Names and Identifiers
Vafol - Physico-chemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | C20H30O |
| Molar Mass | 286.45 |
| Density | 0.9933 (rough estimate) |
| Melting Point | 61-63°C(lit.) |
| Boling Point | 368.81°C (rough estimate) |
| Flash Point | -26°C |
| Water Solubility | Practically insoluble inwaterorglycerol; soluble in absolute alcohol,methanol,℃hloroform, ether, fats and oils. |
| Solubility | DMSO, methanol, chloroform; H2O : < 0.1 mg/mL (insoluble) |
| Vapor Presure | 7.35E-09mmHg at 25°C |
| Appearance | Light yellow to yellow (Solid) |
| Color | yellow to orange |
| Merck | 13,10073 |
| BRN | 403040 |
| pKa | 14.09±0.10(Predicted) |
| Storage Condition | -20°C |
| Stability | Stable, but light and air sensitive. Incompatible with strong acids, strong oxidizing agents. |
| Sensitive | Moisture & Light Sensitive |
| Refractive Index | 1.641 |
| MDL | MFCD00001552 |
| Physical and Chemical Properties | Fading color Flake Crystal, melting point 62-64 ℃, boiling point 120-125 ℃(0.667). Soluble in oil or organic solvents, insoluble in water. Good thermal stability, alkaline conditions more stable, acidic conditions unstable. When antimony trichloride is characterized by blue reaction, it is easy to be damaged by ultraviolet rays and oxygen in the air, and can be protected when it coexists with vitamin C. |
| Use | For pharmaceutical tablets and capsules, as a vitamin feed additive in the feed industry |
Vafol - Risk and Safety
| Risk Codes | R22 - Harmful if swallowed R38 - Irritating to the skin R67 - Vapors may cause drowsiness and dizziness R65 - Harmful: May cause lung damage if swallowed R62 - Possible risk of impaired fertility R51/53 - Toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. R48/20 - R11 - Highly Flammable R43 - May cause sensitization by skin contact R61 - May cause harm to the unborn child R63 - Possible risk of harm to the unborn child R36/38 - Irritating to eyes and skin. |
| Safety Description | S36/37 - Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves. S61 - Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions / safety data sheets. S62 - If swallowed, do not induce vomitting; seek medical advice immediately and show this container or label. S45 - In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label whenever possible.) S53 - Avoid exposure - obtain special instructions before use. S16 - Keep away from sources of ignition. S33 - Take precautionary measures against static discharges. S29 - Do not empty into drains. S9 - Keep container in a well-ventilated place. S36/37/39 - Wear suitable protective clothing, gloves and eye/face protection. S26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. |
| UN IDs | UN 1208 3/PG 2 |
| WGK Germany | 3 |
| RTECS | VH6750000 |
| FLUKA BRAND F CODES | 8-10-16-23 |
| TSCA | Yes |
| HS Code | 29362100 |
| Toxicity | LD50 (10 day) in mice (mg/kg): 1510 i.p.; 2570 orally (Kamm) |
Vafol - Reference
| Reference Show more | 1. Wang Dong Cheng. Preparation of new vitamin A tablets with hydroxyapatite microspheres as stabilizer [J]. Chemical design communication 2020 46(07):214 216. 2. Guzhaliziq. Meat, Wang Wenjing, Wang Weihua. Comparison of different varieties of sheep meat quality in southern Xinjiang [J]. Journal of Tarim University, 2018, v.30(02):53-64. 3. Niuqing, Liu pinghuai, Cao Meng, etc. Nutritional composition and quality evaluation of different parts of nootropic [J]. Food Research and Development, 2018. 4. Kang Zhongchun, Chen Yuanlan, Zou Yu grain. Analysis of vitamin A,E levels and its influencing factors in pregnant women with preeclampsia [J]. Clinical Medical Research and Practice, 2018(30). 5. Liu Bentong, Qin Yuchuan, Zhang duhai, etc. Analysis of nutritional components in edible parts of Jiangsu Oil [J]. Journal of Zhejiang Forestry Science and Technology, 2018, 038(005):27-32. 6. Wen Pengcheng, Cui Na, Liang Qi, etc. Changes of vitamins in yak colostrum and its transitional milk [J]. Science and Technology of food industry, 2014, 35(16):121-121. 7. Yuan Qifeng, Yan Jiawen, Wang Honglin, Li Shipin, Chen Nan, Wang Yu, Han Xiumei, Ma Yuhua. Analysis of sugar, acid and vitamin components in the fruit of 'zixiang 1. China fruit tree, 2019(04):43-47. 8. Ding Li, Ouyang Wuqing. Quality Evaluation of compound vitamin Nanoemulsion injection [J]. Progress in animal medicine, 2020,41(11):79-83. |
Vafol - Nature
Open Data Verified Data
light yellow Flake Crystal, melting point 62~64 deg C. Soluble in oil or organic solvents, insoluble in water. It is easy to oxidize in the air, and easy to deteriorate in light. When antimony trichloride is characterized by blue reaction, it is easy to be damaged by ultraviolet rays and oxygen in the air, and can be protected when it coexists with vitamin C.
Last Update：2024-01-02 23:10:35
Vafol - Preparation Method
Open Data Verified Data
p-Ionone is condensed with ethyl monochloroacetate, and tetradecanaldehyde is obtained by hydrolysis and decarboxylation; Sodium ethynyl is condensed with methyl ketene, the resulting material is then reacted with ethyl magnesium bromide to give a dibromoseglycolate. The Dibromo magnesium compound is condensed with tetradecanal, hydrolyzed and catalytically hydrogenated to obtain hydroxyvitamin A, reacted with acetyl chloride to obtain hydroxyvitamin acetate, and then brominated and debrominated to obtain vitamin acetate.
Last Update：2022-01-01 10:09:22
Vafol - Use
Open Data Verified Data
vitamin A is the composition of photoreceptor substances in visual cells. Lysine is an essential amino acid in human body, which can maintain the integrity and health of epithelial tissue structure and promote the growth and development of the body. Lack of, will make the growth and development is blocked, reproductive function decline. Commonly used in the prevention and treatment of children with dysplasia, dry eye, night blindness, dry skin and eye, respiratory tract, urinary system and intestinal infection resistance decreased. China's provisions can be used for salad oil, sesame oil and margarine, the use of 4.0~8.0 mg/kg; The maximum usage amount is 4~8 mg/kg in solid beverage; The usage amount is 3.0~9.0 mg/kg in baby food and dairy products; The maximum usage amount is 0.6-1. 2mg/kg; The use of 0.6~1. OMG/kg in milk drinks. When β-carotene is used to fortify the p-carrot beverage, the maximum usage amount is 20-40mg/kg; In the solid beverage, the maximum usage amount is 3-5 mg/kg.
Last Update：2022-01-01 10:09:23
Vafol - Reference Information
| EPA chemical substance information | information provided by: ofmpeb.epa.gov (external link) |
| Introduction | retinol is a fat-soluble vitamin, which exists in animal foods as free aldehydes or esters, rich in protein, milk, liver. Plants do not contain vitamin A, but the precursor of vitamin A (vitamin A), in carrots, tomatoes and other vegetables, animal absorption, can be converted into vitamin A. Retinol is necessary to maintain the stability of human growth, development, reproduction and cell membrane, and plays an important role in visual process. Retinal in the body due to continuous metabolism and consumption, the need for timely peroxidation of vitamin A supplement. Vitamin A is related to the normal structure and function of the upper energy and the lower energy cells. The lack of vitamin A will lead to the conjunctiva, corneal dryness, inflammation, and even blindness, and will cause respiratory tract epithelial damage, prone to respiratory tract infection, hair loss, infant growth retardation, etc. As A nutritional supplement, the vitamin A oil is A fatty oil obtained from the liver and pylorus of an aquatic animal or A concentrate thereof. The fresh fish liver and pylorus were crushed, and 1-2% sodium hydroxide solution was added to pH8-9. Retinol can be used for sausage, margarine, bread, dairy products, fruit juice powder, peanut white and so on. |
| preparation method | retinol (vitamin A) can be purified from Cod Liver Oil by Molecular distillation and chromatography, however, the method for obtaining a pure product is chemical synthesis. The Iserl route (I. E., The decatetraaldehyde route) is generally used, I .e., the tetradecaldehyde is obtained by first condensing p ionone with ethyl monochloroacetate in sodium methoxide medium, hydrolyzing in sodium hydroxide and methanol, and decarboxylating. In addition, 3-methylpentyne (4) alkene (2) alcohol (1) is produced from the condensation of sodium ethynyl and methyl ketene below -40 ℃; then, Grignard reaction was carried out with ethyl magnesium bromide to prepare a dibromosomagnesylate; Followed by condensation with tetradecanal and hydrolysis to obtain hydroxyl dehydrovitamin A; And then by catalytic hydrogenation to obtain hydroxyl Vitamin A, in pyridine and acetyl chloride in the role of hydroxy vitamin acetate, then in alkaline (soda ash) under the conditions of bromination, debromination of vitamin acetate. |
| identification test | sample 0.5g was ground in a mortar, and 10ml of warm water was added, after 10ml of ethanol was added to break the emulsion, the mixture was transferred to a flask, and 20ml of benzene was Added. The mixture was fully shaken and mixed, and then left to stand, or separated into two layers by centrifugation. The benzene layer was taken and washed with 20ml of water with sufficient shaking. Then, the aqueous layer was separated and the benzene layer was evaporated to dryness under reduced pressure. Dissolve the residue in chloroform, prepare about 10 IU of vitamin A per ml, take it 1 ml, add 5ml of antimony trichloride test solution (TS-33), should be blue, and fade on spinning. |
| content analysis | accurately weigh about 0.5g of sample, heat 1 ml of water, and fully shake to become opacifying. Add ethanol. 30ml and 50% potassium hydroxide solution 3ml, install reflux condenser, and heat on water bath for 30min. After cooling, 30ml of water was used and transferred to a separatory funnel. Then according to the "vitamin A humate ester oil (01041)" content determination method. Same as vitamin A fatty acid ester oil (01041). |
| toxicity | GRAS(FDA,§ 182.5930,2000). GRAS(FDA,§ 182.5930,2000). LD50 2000mg/kg (rat, oral). |
| usage limit | GB 14880~94 and GB 2760-2002: same as "01039, vitamin A powder". FDA § 184.1930(2000): GMP-limited. GB 14880-94(μg/kg; Retinol equivalent): sesame oil, salad oil, margarine, 4000-8000; Milk |
| uses | vitamin A is a component of light-sensitive substances in visual cells, which can ensure the integrity and health of epithelial tissue structure, promote the development and growth of the body. Lack of, will make the growth and development is blocked, reproductive function decline, easy to get "night blindness". Retinol acetate [127-47-9] is typically added to the feed. used in pharmaceutical tablets and capsules, as a vitamin feed additive in the feed industry vitamin A is a component of photoreceptor substances in visual cells, and lysine is an essential amino acid for human body, can maintain the integrity and health of epithelial tissue structure, promote the growth and development of the body. Lack of, will make the growth and development is blocked, reproductive function decline, easy to get "night blindness". China's provisions can be used for salad oil, sesame oil and margarine, the use of 4.0~8.0mg/kg; In solid beverages the maximum use of 4~8 mg/kg; in infant food and dairy products, the dosage is 3.0~9.0mg/kg; In ice cream, the maximum dosage is 0.6~1.2mg/kg; the amount used in milk and milk drink is 0.6-1.0mg/kg. In addition, it is fortified with retinol acetate, retinol palmitate or β-carotene. When beta-carotene is used to fortify a beta-carotene beverage, the maximum amount of beta-carotene used is 20-40 wt% ~ 40mg/kg; The maximum amount of 3~5 mg/kg in the solid beverage. vitamin A is a fat-soluble vitamin, which exists in animal food with free aldehyde or ester, and is rich in fat, protein, milk method and liver. Plants do not contain vitamin A, but the precursor of vitamin A (vitamin A), in carrots, tomatoes and other vegetables, animal absorption, can be converted into vitamin A. Vitamin A is essential for the maintenance of human growth, development, reproduction and cell membrane stability, and plays an important role in visual processes. |
| production method | β-ionone via condensation, epoxy, elimination, rearrangement, isomerization, hydrolysis, catalytic hydrogenation, esterification, bromination, elimination and other steps to prepare vitamin A (acetate). vitamin A can be purified from Cod Liver Oil by Molecular distillation and chromatography, but the method of obtaining pure product is chemical synthesis. The Iserl route (I. E., The decatetraaldehyde route) is generally used, I .e., the tetradecaldehyde is obtained by first condensing p ionone with ethyl monochloroacetate in sodium methoxide medium, hydrolyzing in sodium hydroxide and methanol, and decarboxylating. In addition, 3-methylpentyne (4) alkene (2) alcohol (1) is produced from the condensation of sodium ethynyl and methyl ketene below -40 ℃; then, Grignard reaction was carried out with ethyl magnesium bromide to prepare a dibromosomagnesylate; Followed by condensation with tetradecanal and hydrolysis to obtain hydroxyl dehydrovitamin A; And then by catalytic hydrogenation to obtain hydroxyl Vitamin A, in pyridine and acetyl chloride in the role of hydroxy vitamin acetate, then in alkaline (soda ash) under the conditions of bromination, debromination of vitamin acetate. vitamin A can be purified from Cod Liver Oil by Molecular distillation and chromatography, but the method for obtaining the finished product is chemical synthesis. The Iserl route (I. E., The decatetraaldehyde route) is commonly used, I .e., condensation of β-ionone with ethyl monochloroacetate in a sodium methoxide medium, hydrolysis in sodium hydroxide and methanol, and decarboxylation to give tetradecaldehyde. In addition, 3-methylpentyne (4) ENE is produced from the condensation of sodium ethynyl with methyl vinyl ketone below -40 °c (2) alcohol (1), and then Grignard reaction with ethyl olfactory magnesium to make a double olfactory magnesium oxide, followed by condensation with tetradecanal and hydrolysis to obtain hydroxyl dehydrovitamin A, after catalytic hydrogenation to hydroxy vitamin A, in pyridine and acetyl chloride to hydroxy vitamin acetate, then with alkaline (soda ash) under the conditions of olfactory, deolfactory vitamin acetate. |
| toxic substance data | information provided by: pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov (external link) |
Last Update：2024-04-09 21:32:07
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