Name | Vancomycin |
Synonyms | Vancoled HSDB 3262 Vancomycin VANCOMYCIN UNII-6Q205EH1VU Vancomycin Base Vancomycinum [INN-Latin] vancomycin hcl vancocin Vancomycine [INN-French] Vancomicina [INN-Spanish] |
CAS | 1404-90-6 |
EINECS | 215-772-6 |
InChI | InChI=1/C66H75Cl2N9O24/c1-23(2)12-34(71-5)58(88)76-49-51(83)26-7-10-38(32(67)14-26)97-40-16-28-17-41(55(40)101-65-56(54(86)53(85)42(22-78)99-65)100-44-21-66(4,70)57(87)24(3)96-44)98-39-11-8-27(15-33(39)68)52(84)50-63(93)75-48(64(94)95)31-18-29(79)19-37(81)45(31)30-13-25(6-9-36(30)80)46(60(90)77-50)74-61(91)47(28)73-59(89)35(20-43(69)82)72-62(49)92/h6-11,13-19,23-24,34-35,42,44,46-54,56-57,65,71,78-81,83-87H,12,20-22,70H2,1-5H3,(H2,69,82)(H,72,92)(H,73,89)(H,74,91)(H,75,93)(H,76,88)(H,77,90)(H,94,95)/t24-,34+,35-,42+,44-,46+,47+,48-,49+,50-,51+,52+,53+,54-,56+,57+,65-,66-/m0/s1 |
Molecular Formula | C66H75Cl2N9O24 |
Molar Mass | 1449.25 |
Density | 1.2882 (rough estimate) |
Melting Point | >274°C (dec.) |
Solubility | DMSO (Slightly) |
Appearance | Solid |
Color | Off-White |
pKa | pKa 2.18±0.08(H2Ot = 25.0±0.1I = 0.2 (NaCl)N2 atmosphere) (Uncertain);7.75±0.02(H2Ot = 25.0±0.1I = 0 |
Storage Condition | 2-8°C |
Stability | Hygroscopic |
Refractive Index | 1.7350 (estimate) |
In vitro study | Vancomycin is a large glycopeptide compound with a molecular weight of 1450 Da. Vancomycin is a unique glycopeptide structurally unrelated to any currently available antibiotic. It also has a unique mode of action inhibiting the second stage of cell wall synthesis of susceptible bacteria. Vancomycin is active against a large number of species of Gram-positive bacteria, such as Staphylococcus aureus, Staph. epidermidis, Str. agalactiae, Str. bovis, Str. mutans, viridans streptococci, enterococci . |
In vivo study | Vancomycin is administered intravenously, with a standard infusion time of at least 1 h, to minimize infusion-related adverse effects. Subjects with normal creatinine clearance, vancomycin has an α-distribution phase of 30 min to 1 h and a β-elimination half-life of 6-12 h. The volume of distribution is 0.4–1 L/kg. The binding of vancomycin to protein ranges from 10% to 50%. Factors that affect the overall activity of vancomycin include its tissue distribution, inoculum size, and protein-binding effects. Vancomycin treatment of infected mice is associated with improved clinical, diarrhea, and histopathology scores and survival during treatment. |
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