Vinylene
acetylene
CAS: 74-86-2
Molecular Formula: C2H2
Vinylene - Names and Identifiers
| Name | acetylene |
| Synonyms | C2H2 Ethine Ethyne Narcylen Vinylene Acetylen acetylene ethenylene Welding Gas |
| CAS | 74-86-2 |
| EINECS | 200-816-9 |
| InChI | InChI=1/C2H2/c1-2/h1-2H |
Vinylene - Physico-chemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | C2H2 |
| Molar Mass | 26.04 |
| Density | 0.91 |
| Melting Point | -88°C |
| Boling Point | -28°C |
| Flash Point | -18°C |
| Water Solubility | 0.106 g/100 mL |
| Vapor Presure | 3.04 X 104 mmHg (~40 atmospheres) at16.8 °C |
| Odor | Odorless, although garlic-like or ''gassy" odor often detectable because of traceimpurities |
| pKa | 25(at 25℃) |
| Refractive Index | 1.00051 |
| Physical and Chemical Properties |
|
| Use | Used as organic chemical raw materials, but also for industrial gas welding, gas cutting |
Vinylene - Risk and Safety
| Hazard Symbols | F+ - Highly flammable |
| Risk Codes | R5 - Heating may cause an explosion R6 - Explosive with or without contact with air R12 - Extremely Flammable |
| Safety Description | S9 - Keep container in a well-ventilated place. S16 - Keep away from sources of ignition. S33 - Take precautionary measures against static discharges. |
| UN IDs | UN 1001 |
| Hazard Class | 2.1 |
| Toxicity | LC in rats: 900000 ppm (Riggs) |
Vinylene - Upstream Downstream Industry
Vinylene - Nature
Open Data Verified Data
colorless toxic gas. Relative density of 1. 0869 (Air 1). Melting point (118. 656kPa) - 80.8 °c, boiling point -84 °c, refractive index 1.00051. Flash point -17. 78 °c. Spontaneous ignition point 305. The explosion limit in air is 2. 396-72. 3%(volume). Micro-soluble in water, soluble in ethanol, benzene, acetone. The nature of the active, can occur addition reaction and polymerization reaction, combustion in oxygen can occur at high temperature (3500 degrees C) and strong light.
Last Update：2024-01-02 23:10:35
Vinylene - Preparation Method
Open Data Verified Data
- the calcium carbide method produces acetylene from the interaction of calcium carbide (calcium carbide) with water. CaC2+2H20--C2H2+Ca(OH)2
- natural gas to acetylene process preheated to 600~650 ℃ raw material natural gas and oxygen into the multi-nozzle plate acetylene furnace, at 1500 ℃, methane was cracked to give about 8% of dilute acetylene, and then concentrated with N-methylpyrrolidone to give 99% of finished acetylene.
Last Update：2022-01-01 10:13:42
Vinylene - Use
Open Data Verified Data
One of the important raw materials in organic synthesis. Can be prepared acetaldehyde, acetic acid, acetone, pentaerythritol, propargyl alcohol, 1,4 a butynediol, 1,4 a butanediol, butadiene, isoprene, vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride, trichloroethylene, tetrachloroethylene, vinyl acetate, methyl styrene, vinyl acetylene, vinyl ether, acrylic acid and its esters, etc. Acetylene is also a monomer of synthetic rubber, synthetic fiber and plastic, and can also be directly used for metal cutting and welding.
Last Update：2022-01-01 10:13:42
Vinylene - Safety
Open Data Verified Data
This product has anesthetic effect, and its anesthetic is much stronger than that of single olefin. The explosion risk of high concentration acetylene gas is more than that of toxic accident. Acetylene has the effect of preventing oxidation, so that the brain hypoxia, causing Coma anesthesia, but no effect on physiological function. After inhalation of high concentration of acetylene, the patient presented intoxication-like excitement, which could cause lethargy, cyanosis, pupil straightening, irregular pulse, etc. Wake up after the occurrence of related accidents through loss of memory ability and other symptoms. The patient was rapidly improved when the inhalation was stopped. Poisoning should be quickly away from the poisoning site, treatment. In addition, the poisoning caused by impurities such as phosphine and arsine, which are often contained in acetylene, should be noted. When transporting acetylene over long distances, special manufactured acetylene cylinders must be used. For short distance transportation by pipeline.
Last Update：2022-01-01 10:13:43
Vinylene - Reference Information
| NIST chemical information | information provided by: webbook.nist.gov (external link) |
| EPA chemical substance information | information provided by: ofmpeb.epa.gov (external link) |
| Introduction | acetylene, commonly known as carbide gas, is the smallest member of the alkyne compound series, mainly used for industrial purposes, in particular, the welding of metals. When the cutting kit is composed of oxygen, it is commonly known as wind coal, wind refers to compressed oxygen, and coal refers to acetylene. Acetylene was discovered in 1836 by the British scientist Edmund Davy. The chemical formula is C2H2, which has a linear structure as shown in the following figure: H-C C - H |
| preparation method | calcium carbonate (limestone) and coal are the main raw materials for acetylene production. First, calcium carbonate is converted to calcium oxide and coal to Coke. Then calcium oxide and Coke will react to form calcium Carbide and Carbon Monoxide: CaO 3C → CaC2 CO calcium carbide with water will form acetylene and calcium hydroxide: CaC2 2H2O → C2H2 ↑ Ca(OH)2 |
| Application | acetylene is mainly used for the manufacture of other chemicals and is also used for acetylene welding. The combustion of acetylene in oxygen can form a flame at 3300 degrees Celsius, releasing 11800 joules of energy per gram. Acetylene has also been used in carbide lamps. Previously, carbide lamps were used in cars and miners. Acetylene can inhibit nitrification and denitrification. |
| safe | due to the chemical energy in the triple bond, acetylene will undergo decomposition reaction under pressure exceeding 100 kPa, this reaction is an exothermic reaction and can therefore trigger a violent explosion. The same decomposition reaction also occurs in liquid or solid acetylene, so high pressure acetylene must be dissolved in acetone (exothermic in the dissolution process) and stored in a cylinder containing a porous material (Agamassan). |
| Use | used as organic chemical raw materials, also used in industrial gas welding, gas cutting widely used in metal welding and gas cutting, at the same time, it can also be used in the fields of pharmaceutical processing, instrumental analysis and organic synthesis. Acetylene can be decomposed into carbon and hydrogen at high temperature, thus acetylene carbon black can be prepared. Under certain conditions, acetylene polymerization produces benzene, toluene, xylene, naphthalene, anthracene, styrene, indene and other aromatic hydrocarbons. Through the substitution reaction and the addition reaction, a series of extremely valuable products can be produced. For example, dimerization of acetylene to produce vinyl acetylene, and then with hydrogen chloride for addition reaction to obtain chloroprene; Acetylene directly hydrate to produce acetaldehyde; Acetylene and hydrogen chloride for addition reaction to produce vinyl chloride; Acetylene and acetic acid reaction to produce vinyl acetate; acetylene reacts with hydrogen cyanide to produce acrylonitrile; Acetylene reacts with ammonia to produce methyl pyridine and 2-methyl-5-ethyl pyridine; Acetylene reacts with toluene to produce dimethyl vinyl, the catalyst is further cracked to form three isomers of methyl Styrene: acetylene is condensed with one molecule of formaldehyde to form propargyl alcohol, and is condensed with two molecules of formaldehyde to form butynediol; The addition reaction of acetylene and acetone can be used to prepare methyl alkynyl alcohol, and then react to form isoprene; Acetylene and carbon monoxide and other compounds (such as water, alcohol, Thiols) and other reactions to produce acrylic acid and its derivatives. |
| production method | 1. Calcium carbide method is prepared by the interaction of calcium carbide (calcium carbide) and water. 2. Natural gas to acetylene process preheated to 600-650 ℃ of raw material natural gas and oxygen into the multi-tubular burner plate acetylene furnace, at 1500 ℃, methane cracking to produce about 8% of the dilute acetylene, this was then concentrated with N-methylpyrrolidone to give 99% of finished acetylene. |
| category | hazardous gas |
| toxicity grade | low toxicity |
| Acute toxicity | inhalation-mammalian LCL0: 50000 PPM/ 5 min |
| explosive hazard characteristics | , fluorine can burst|
| flammability hazard characteristics | open flame, combustible under heat; Combustion-induced smoke |
| storage and transportation characteristics | The warehouse is ventilated and dried at low temperature; Light loading and light unloading; And oxygen, air, separate storage of chlorine gas cylinders |
| fire extinguishing agent | water mist, carbon dioxide |
| Occupational Standard | TWA 1080 mg/m3 |
| spontaneous combustion temperature | 305°C |
| toxic substance data | information provided by: pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov (external link) |
Last Update：2024-04-10 22:29:15
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