arsane
Arsenic
CAS: 7440-38-2
Molecular Formula: AsH3
arsane - Names and Identifiers
arsane - Physico-chemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | AsH3 |
| Molar Mass | 77.95 |
| Density | 5.727g/mLat 25°C(lit.) |
| Melting Point | 817°C(lit.) |
| Boling Point | 613°C(lit.) |
| Water Solubility | insoluble |
| Vapor Presure | 1Pa at 280℃ |
| Appearance | powder |
| Specific Gravity | 5.727 |
| Color | Silver to black |
| Odor | Odourless |
| Exposure Limit | TLV-TWA 0.2 mg(As)/m3 (ACGIH), 0.5 mg(As)/m3 (MSHA), 0.01 mg(As)m3 (OSHA);ceiling 0.002 mg(As)/m3/15 min (NIOSH);carcinogenicity: Human Sufficient Evidence(IARC). |
| Merck | 13,802 |
| Stability | Stable. Incompatible with acids, oxidizing agents, halogens. Heat and air-sensitive. |
| Sensitive | Air Sensitive |
| Physical and Chemical Properties | Gray metallic character. (Α type) boiling point 817 ℃ relative density 5.727(α type) solubility insoluble in water, soluble in nitric acid. |
| Use | Mainly used for making cemented carbide, glass, medicine, pigment, pesticide, etc |
arsane - Risk and Safety
| Risk Codes | R23/25 - Toxic by inhalation and if swallowed. R50/53 - Very toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. R36/38 - Irritating to eyes and skin. R22 - Harmful if swallowed R45 - May cause cancer R52/53 - Harmful to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. R51/53 - Toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. |
| Safety Description | S20/21 - S28 - After contact with skin, wash immediately with plenty of soap-suds. S45 - In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label whenever possible.) S60 - This material and its container must be disposed of as hazardous waste. S61 - Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions / safety data sheets. S26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. S53 - Avoid exposure - obtain special instructions before use. |
| UN IDs | UN 1558 6.1/PG 2 |
| WGK Germany | 3 |
| RTECS | CG0525000 |
| FLUKA BRAND F CODES | 10 |
| TSCA | Yes |
| HS Code | 28048000 |
| Hazard Class | 6.1 |
| Packing Group | II |
| Toxicity | Human exposure occurs occupationally and via food, tobacco smoke, ambient air, and water. Three major groups of arsenic compounds have been defined on the basis of biological considerations: inorganic arsenicals; organic arsenicals; and arsine (gas). The comparative toxicity of these groups is dependent upon the route of exposure and their solubilities; the more quickly absorbed compounds have lower LD50. Arsenic is readily absorbed by the respiratory and gastrointestinal systems and is concentrated in the skin, hair, and nails (Aldrich-Mees’ lines). The cellular toxicity of arsenic is related to reactions with SH-containing mitochondrial enzymes that result in impaired respiration. Arsenic may also compete with phosphate during oxidative phosphorylation. |
arsane - Upstream Downstream Industry
| Raw Materials | Arsenic(III) oxide |
| Downstream Products | zinc diarsenide Cobalt arsenide indium arsenide |
arsane - Nature
Open Data Verified Data
There are three kinds of crystal forms of type A, type B and type Y. When the arsenic vapor is crystallized above 360 ℃, hexagonal crystal form a arsenic is obtained, which is gray metallic and has a relative density of 5. 727; In the evaporation of 300 deg C, get glass-like B arsenic, gray or black, relative density 4. 73; The arsenic vapor is quenched, can get the square crystal form y arsenic, yellow, relative density d18 2.026. Sublimation. Melting point 817 ℃(2. 83724MPa), sublimation point 613 ℃. Insoluble in water, soluble in nitric acid. When heated in air, a blue flame burns into arsenic trioxide and emits a characteristic malodor. Because it can be slowly oxidized in the air, the high purity arsenic is sealed with glass ampoules filled with argon or pumped into vacuum and sold in the market.
Last Update：2024-01-02 23:10:35
arsane - Preparation Method
Open Data Verified Data
carbon vapor phase reduction method: an apparatus of three electric furnaces each having a gasification section, a reaction section and a precipitation section was assembled. The central part of the reaction is a quartz tube with an inner diameter of 20-25mm, into which is charged with charcoal that is heated by vacuum to remove gas, and the two ends are blocked with quartz cotton. Arsenic trioxide is placed in the quartz dish and placed in the gasification section, purified nitrogen was passed through at a rate of 400-ML/min. The gasification section is maintained at 400 ° C., the reaction section is maintained at 650 ° C., and the precipitation section is maintained at 350 ° C. To 400 ° C. After about 1H of reaction, elemental arsenic is precipitated, and then distilled to obtain a finished arsenic product. The process flow of high purity arsenic is as follows: the reduction of crude arsenic with hydrogen chloride and a rectification of arsenic trichloride. The main purification process is distillation. In particular, the use of an arsenic packed distillation column can effectively remove impurities such as sulfur and selenium, which are difficult to remove.
Last Update：2022-01-01 11:06:32
arsane - Use
Open Data Verified Data
for the preparation of alloy additives, special glass, paint, medicine and medicine, etc.
Last Update：2022-01-01 11:06:31
arsane - Safety
Open Data Verified Data
toxic products. Risk code: GB 6.1 class 61006. UN N0.1558 (metallic arsenic),1562 (arsenic dust, arsenic flue dust);IMDG code 6074, pp. 6.1, category 1. Arsine is a highly toxic gaseous poison. Mainly through the respiratory tract into the body, can be quickly absorbed into the blood, with the blood circulation distribution in the body organs, the liver content is the most, followed by the kidney, heart and brain. Mainly excreted through kidney with urine. Arsine combines with red blood cells to form an arsenic-hemoglobin complex, leading to hemolysis and acute renal failure. When the concentration of hydrogen arsenide in the air is only 0. 3mg/m3, it can cause acute poisoning, and the severity of poisoning is obviously related to the inhalation amount. Arsenic has been recognized as a carcinogen. Packed with metal barrels lined with polyethylene plastic bags, the wall thickness of the barrels shall not be less than 1mm, the outer wall shall be sprayed with anti-rust paint, the cover of the barrel shall be provided with rubber washers, and fixed with screws to ensure sealing and firmness, and the net weight of each barrel shall be 50kg. Should be stored in a cool, ventilated, dry, clean warehouse, to prevent moisture. Do not contact with acid, alkali and other chemicals. Storage period is 1 year. Arsenic is easy to oxidize, and its oxide is highly toxic. In the inspection, use, storage and transportation, it should be handled according to the provisions of "drugs. Patients with arsenic poisoning should be immediately removed from exposure to arsenic compounds and washed. Special antidote can be used dimercaptopropane sodium sulfonate, dimercaptobutyl sodium, has a good effect of removing arsenic, should be applied as soon as possible. In the production process, the automation, mechanization and closed transformation of the production process should be strengthened, and all kinds of arsenic-containing waste gas, waste water and waste residue should be purified and recycled, and environmental pollution is prohibited. Patients with severe liver disease, severe nervous system and hematopoietic system diseases and severe skin diseases are not allowed to engage in arsenic operations. When there is a fire, dry sand and dry powder can be used to put out the fire. Fire attendants should wear gas masks and labor protection articles.
Last Update：2022-01-01 11:06:33
arsane - Reference Information
| resistivity | 33.3 ***-cm |
| NIST chemical information | information provided by: webbook.nist.gov (external link) |
| (IARC) carcinogen classification | 1 (Vol. 23, Sup 7, 100C) 2012 |
| EPA chemical substance information | information provided by: ofmpeb.epa.gov (external link) |
| Introduction | Arsenic (Arsenic), chemical element symbol As, atomic number 33. Arsenic is distributed in a variety of minerals, usually with the coexistence of sulfur and other metal elements, there are also pure elemental crystals. Arsenic was first described by elbertus Magnus in 1250. Arsenic is a non-metallic element. The simple substance exists in the form of three allotropes of ash arsenic, Black arsenic and yellow arsenic, but only the ash arsenic has important use in industry. |
| Discovery History | It is reported that this element was acquired by Albert Magnus in the year 1250. In 1649, Schroder published two methods for the preparation of this element. It is found in the sulfides realgar and in the pericarp as arsenides and thioarsenides, oxides and arsenides of heavy metals. |
| Source | metal sulfur arsenide, metal arsenides and realgar, as well as elemental arsenic in nature, are major sources of commercial arsenic products. Organic arsenic compounds are also present in the environment. Organic and inorganic arsenic and its compounds, once entered the food chain, through the methylation process gradually metabolized to low toxicity of arsenic. Other pathways of exposure to arsenic in nature include weathering of volcanic ash, arsenic-bearing minerals and ores and dissolution by groundwater. Arsenic can also be found in food, water, soil, and air. Arsenic is absorbed by all plants, but is more easily enriched in leafy vegetables, rice, apple and grape juice, and seafood. |
| Application | arsenic has a wide range of uses: 1. Arsenic can be used in the manufacture of alloys, such as the production of strengthened alloys of copper or added to alloys for the manufacture of lead-acid batteries for automobiles; 2. In the manufacture of semiconductor electronic devices, an n-shaped semiconductor material is synthesized by using arsenic as a dopant, and gallium arsenide, an optoelectronic compound doped with silicon, is the most common semiconductor in use; 3. Arsenic and its compounds, in particular arsenic trioxide (arsenic), are used in the synthesis of pesticides (for the treatment of wood products), herbicides and insecticides. But the application of these aspects is gradually disappearing. |
| preparation | arsenic is mainly recovered from by-products of copper refining. Dust from copper, gold, and lead smelters contains arsenic. Arsenic pyrite is calcined in air, and the arsenic element is sublimed in the form of arsenic trioxide and separated from iron oxide. In the absence of oxygen, roasting produces arsenic. Arsenic can be separated from sulfur or chalcogenides by sublimation under vacuum conditions or in a hydrogen atmosphere, and arsenic can also be separated by distillation of molten lead-arsenic mixtures. |
| Health effects | arsenic exists in both inorganic and organic forms. Inorganic arsenic compounds (such as those seen in water) are highly toxic, while organic arsenic compounds (such as those seen in seafood) are less harmful to health. Acute effects early symptoms of acute arsenic poisoning include Vomit, abdominal pain and diarrhea, followed by limb paralysis and tingling, muscle spasms, and in extreme cases death. Aura symptoms that affect long-term exposure to high levels of inorganic arsenic (e. G., through drinking water and food) are commonly seen in the skin, including changes in pigmentation, skin lesions and hard spots on the palms of the hands and meat pads on both feet (hyperkeratosis). These occur after a minimum of about five years of arsenic exposure and may be a precursor to skin cancer. In addition to skin cancer, long-term exposure to arsenic can also cause bladder and lung cancer. The International Agency for Research on Cancer lists arsenic and arsenic compounds as carcinogens for humans, and says arsenic in drinking water is also a human carcinogen. |
| Application | mainly used for making hard alloy, glass, medicine, pigment, pesticide and so on used for semiconductor materials, optical Materials, etc. for alloy manufacturing and semiconductor industry. for ICP-AES, AAS, AFS, ICP-MS, ion chromatography, etc. Standard solutions were used for titration analysis. Calibration instruments and devices; Evaluation methods; Working standards; Quality assurance/quality control; Other. |
| production method | gas-phase reduction method an apparatus of three electric furnaces equipped with a gasification section, a reaction section and a precipitation section is assembled. The central reaction part is a quartz tube with an inner diameter of 20-25mm, into which is charged with charcoal which is heated by vacuum to remove gas, and the two ends are blocked with quartz cotton, and arsenic trioxide is placed in the quartz dish and placed in the gasification section, the purified nitrogen was used at a rate of 400-500 ml/min. The gasification section is maintained at 400 ° C., the reaction section is maintained at 650 ° C., and the precipitation section is maintained at 350 ° C. To 400 ° C. After about 1H of reaction, elemental arsenic is precipitated, and then distilled to obtain a finished arsenic product. |
| category | toxic substances |
| toxicity grade | high toxicity |
| Acute toxicity | oral-rat LD50: 763 mg/kg; Oral-mouse LD50: 145 mg/kg |
| explosive hazard characteristics | dust can be explosive when exposed to close fire; When exposed to oxides, the reaction is intense |
| flammability hazard characteristics | dust is flammable; Toxic arsenide smoke is generated from combustion; toxic smoke from acid exposure |
| storage and transportation characteristics | The warehouse is ventilated and dried at low temperature; It is stored separately from food raw materials and oxidants |
| fire extinguishing agent | dry powder, foam, sand, carbon dioxide, water mist |
| Occupational Standard | TWA 0.01 mg (arsenic)/m3 |
| toxic substance data | information provided by: pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov (external link) |
| immediate life-threatening and health concentrations | 5 mg As/m3 |
Last Update：2024-04-09 02:00:04
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Raw Materials for arsane
Downstream Products for arsane