diatomaceous

diatomaceous - Names and Identifiers

Name	Celatom
Synonyms	Celite Celatom KIESELGUR KIESELGUHR diatomaceous KIESELGUHR DG diatomaceousearth(containingless diatomaceousearth(non-specificname) silica,amorphous-diatomaceousearth(uncalcined)
CAS	61790-53-2
EINECS	612-383-7

diatomaceous - Physico-chemical Properties

Molecular Formula	O2Si
Molar Mass	60.0843
Density	0.47g/cm3 (loose weight)(lit.)
Melting Point	1400~1650℃
Boling Point	2200 °C
Water Solubility	insoluble
Appearance	Solid
Color	965
Merck	14,4973
PH	~7 (25℃, 10% in aq. suspension)
Storage Condition	no restrictions.
Stability	Stable. Incompatible with strong acids
Sensitive	Easily absorbing moisture
MDL	MFCD00132803
Physical and Chemical Properties	Trait color was white, gray, yellow, gray, green or gray-black. melting point 1400~1650 ℃ relative density 1.9~2.35g/cm3 solubility soluble in alkali, insoluble in any acid except hydrofluoric acid.
Use	Mainly used as thermal insulation materials, chemical fillers and carriers

diatomaceous - Risk and Safety

Risk Codes	R48/20 - R36/37 - Irritating to eyes and respiratory system. R49 - May cause cancer by inhalation
Safety Description	S22 - Do not breathe dust. S39 - Wear eye / face protection. S26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. S36 - Wear suitable protective clothing. S53 - Avoid exposure - obtain special instructions before use. S45 - In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label whenever possible.)
UN IDs	No citation
WGK Germany	2
RTECS	VV7311000
TSCA	Yes
HS Code	25120000

diatomaceous - Upstream Downstream Industry

Raw Materials

Celatom

diatomaceous - Reference

Reference

1. [IF=2.678] Jianming Zhang et al."Adsorption of plantaricin Q7 on montmorillonite and application in feedback regulation of plantaricin Q7 synthesis by Lactobacillus plantarum Q7."Eng Life Sci. 2019 Jan;19(1):57-65

diatomaceous - Nature

Open Data Verified Data

diatomaceous earth consists of amorphous SiO2 and contains small amounts of Fe2 03, Cao, MgO, Al2 03 and organic impurities. Pure diatomaceous earth is white, soil-like, when the impurity is gray-white, yellow, gray, green and black. Hardness of 1~1.5. But the diatom skeleton of 4.5-5. Melting point of 1400~16 50 degrees C, the general density of 1.9~2. 35g/cm3. Low refractive index, high liquid adsorption capacity, large surface area, acoustic, thermal, electrical conductivity is low, soluble in alkali, insoluble in any acid except hydrofluoric acid. Diatomite ore is often associated with clay ore, clay can be a separate layer, can also be mixed with diatomite.

Last Update：2024-01-02 23:10:35

diatomaceous - Preparation Method

Open Data Verified Data

The purpose of diatomite beneficiation is to remove mud, debris, iron, aluminum and other impurities, so that the enrichment of diatoms. Generally, gravity beneficiation method is used, which is divided into two types: dry and wet. Dry separation is mainly used for high-grade ore, using air separator to remove gangue, or using rotary dryer to remove organic matter, volatile matter and moisture; Wet separation is mainly used for low-grade ore, the gangue impurities with high density are removed by using a hydrocyclone and the like.
diatomite beneficiation process: the raw ore is subjected to one-stage grinding and drying, two-stage grinding and drying, pre-classification and cyclone separation to obtain powder products, if the preparation of each filler grade or filter aid grade products also need to be sent to the powder product rotary kiln calcination (calcined with flux). After grinding cooling, sorting and classification can be.
chemical beneficiation method: sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid and auxiliary agents are added to the pulp to purify the diatomite and remove impurities such as iron and aluminum.

Last Update：2022-01-01 09:07:27

diatomaceous - Introduction

Soft, light and empty. Fragments of aquatic diatoms containing 88% silicon. Can absorb more than 4 times of water. Soluble in concentrated alkali and hydrofluoric acid, insoluble in water, acid or dilute alkali. It has certain adsorption capacity and good filterability.

Last Update：2022-10-16 17:27:12

diatomaceous - Use

Open Data Verified Data

The main use of diatomite is as a filter aid and functional filler. As a filter aid, it is used in the field of medicine, water treatment industry, oil industry and food industry. As the filler of glass fiber reinforced plastic, rubber, plastic, can significantly enhance the steel and hardness of the products, improve the heat resistance, wear resistance, aging resistance and other properties of the products, greatly reduce the cost. As a filler for papermaking, it is possible to improve the opacity and brightness of the paper, improve the smoothness and printing quality, and reduce the expansion and contraction of the paper due to humidity. As a matting agent for a coating material, the surface gloss of the coating film can be reduced, and the abrasion resistance and scratch resistance of the coating film can be increased. As an ideal carrier for pesticide formulations and high-efficiency compound fertilizer, it can make the formulation stable, prolong the efficacy, and has strong adsorption ability to soluble ammonia, phosphorus and potassium, conducive to crop growth. As the production of brown glass, micro-porous glass, micro-porous glass beads, glass fiber raw materials, reduce costs. As the filler of cement, it can improve the fluidity and plasticity of concrete, and improve the wear resistance and wear resistance of the product. As a high asphalt content of pavement and waterproofing membrane filler, can effectively solve the flooding and extrusion phenomenon, improve the anti-slip, wear resistance, compressive strength, corrosion resistance, greatly improve the service life. Diatomite has high porosity, small bulk density, heat preservation, heat insulation, non-combustible, sound insulation, corrosion resistance and other excellent performance, can also be used as thermal insulation materials.

Last Update：2022-01-01 09:07:28

diatomaceous - Safety

Open Data Verified Data

exposure to cause scarring of the lungs, especially after inhalation of roasted diatomaceous earth, can cause shortness of breath, Cough, a large number of contacts of silicosis I, Respiratory Insufficiency, and even death. Staff should be protected

Last Update：2022-01-01 09:07:28

diatomaceous - Reference Information

EPA chemical substance information	information provided by: ofmpeb.epa.gov (external link)
Chemical composition	the chemical composition of diatomite is mainly amorphous SiO2, which exists in the form of SiO2 · nH2O, siO2 usually accounts for more than 80%, up to 94%. It contains a small amount of Al2O3, Fe2O3, CaO, MgO, K2O, Na2O, P2O5 and organic matter, and some metal impurities such as Cr and Ba. The composition of diatomite ore is different and the content is also different.
physical properties	diatomite color is white, gray, gray, light gray, light taupe, light yellow, etc; density 1.9~2.3g/cm3; Bulk density 0.34~0.65g/cm3; Melting point 1650~1750 ℃; Specific surface area 19~65 cm2/g; Pore volume 0.45~0.98/g; the water absorption rate is 2 to 4 times of its own volume. High chemical stability, insoluble in hydrochloric acid, soluble in alkali, with relatively non-compressibility, soft, sound insulation, wear resistance, heat resistance and many other excellent properties.
Formation Process	diatomite is the accumulation period of 1 to 20,000 years after the death of single-cell plants called diatoms, the formation of a fossil deposit of earth deposits of diatoms. Diatoms are one of the first protists to appear on Earth, living in seawater or lake water, where they create 70% of the Earth's oxygen. During the growth process, the free silicon in the water is continuously absorbed to form a strong and porous cell wall. After the end of the diatom life cycle, the cell wall will not decompose and deposit to the bottom of the water. This diatomite is formed by the deposition of the remains of the single-cell aquatic plant diatom. The unique property of this diatom is that it can absorb free silicon in water to form its bones, which are deposited after the end of its life, the formation of diatomite deposits under certain geological conditions. It has a number of unique properties, such as: porosity, lower concentration, larger specific surface area, relative incompressibility and chemical stability, through the original soil crushing, sorting, calcination, air flow classification, impurity removal and other processing steps to change the particle size distribution and surface properties, can be applied to paint additives and other industrial requirements.
reserves and distribution	diatomite is an important non-metallic mineral resources, mainly distributed in the United States, China, Denmark, France and other countries. China's reserves are very considerable, in Jilin, Yunnan, Zhejiang, Sichuan, Inner Mongolia, Shandong, Guangdong, Hebei, Hainan, Heilongjiang and other more than 10 provinces (autonomous regions) it is found that there are more than 70 diatomite deposits, with proven total reserves of more than 0.4 billion tons and prospective reserves of more than 2 billion tons. In Jilin Changbai Mountain area (Linjiang city and Changbai County), Inner Mongolia, Guangdong Xuwen, Yunnan Tengchong 4 found high quality diatomaceous earth. Among them, Jilin province has the largest proven reserves, about 0.21 billion tons, accounting for about half of the country, and the prospective reserves are more than 1 billion tons. The Jilin Changbai Mountain area has a proven reserve of more than 6000 tons and a prospective reserve of more than 0.6 billion tons. It is currently the largest reserve of high-quality diatomite in China, it is also one of the origin of high-quality diatomite with reserves of up to ten million tons in the world. Yunnan province has 0.082 billion tons of proven reserves, accounting for about 20% of the country's proven reserves, and the expected reserves are more than 0.6 billion tons. Zhejiang province has 0.043 billion tons of proven reserves, accounting for about 10% of the country's proven reserves and more than 0.2 billion tons of prospective reserves. The proven reserves of Jilin, Yunnan and Zhejiang provinces account for about 80% of China's proven reserves; The remaining provinces and autonomous regions account for about 20%.
application field	diatomite has been widely used as filter aid, functional filler, catalyst carrier, pesticide and fertilizer carriers, thermal insulation materials, adsorbents and bleaching materials. diatomite is used as a filter aid in the food industry due to its strong adsorption capacity to remove bacteria, impurities and odor. For example, diatomite filtration in the brewing process can continuously update the filter bed, the filtration speed is fast, the yield is large; The surface area is large, the adsorption capacity is strong, and the particles of 0.1 ~ 1.0um can be filtered out, the wine loss was reduced by about 1.4%, and the production and operation conditions were improved. The diatomite filter can better improve the water quality of the circulating water treatment of the swimming pool, and can save water and electricity in the operation and management of the swimming pool. Secondly, diatomite has been widely used in edible oil, medicine oral liquid and so on. diatomite is widely used in wastewater treatment because of its chemical stability, strong adsorption capacity, good filtration performance and insoluble in any strong acid. The pretreatment of landfill leachate by diatomite flocculation precipitation method can reduce the CODCr and BOD5 in leachate, remove SS and other pollutants, so as to improve its biodegradability and reduce the load, create good conditions for the normal operation of subsequent biochemical treatment. diatomite can be made into interior wall paint, which is characterized by the Wall is not reflective, soft indoor light, the Japanese will be coated with diatomaceous earth wallpaper called "breathable wall". The application of diatomite for exterior wall coatings is also developing, and its prospect is broad. In addition, diatomite in resin, rubber, paper, concrete, cement filler and a variety of decorative thermal insulation coatings also have a wide range of applications. diatomite is an important catalyst support, which is widely used in oxidation, reduction, hydrogenation, dehydrogenation, hydration, polymerization, conversion, synthesis, alkylation, desulfurization and other types of reactions. From the use of surface, for organic chemical reaction more; But from the consumption of statistics, it is mainly used for the manufacture of vanadium catalyst carrier, nickel catalyst carrier and TiO2 carrier.
purpose	diatomite is mainly used as thermal insulation material, chemical packing and catalyst carrier. diatomite is used as a filter for synthetic resins, chemical fibers, dyes, coatings, solvents, acids, electrolytes, glycerol, etc., as a carrier for fertilizers and pesticides, plastics, rubber, ideal filler for pesticides, filter aid for the recovery of sodium thiocyanate, activated carbon for the removal of decolorization in nylon solution, anti-caking agent for ammonium nitrate spheres, etc. Also widely used in light industry, food, medicine, building materials, petroleum, paper, environmental protection and other sectors. Diatomite has broad development prospects. for the selection of diatomite ore treatment
production methods	are all open-pit mining, most mines use soil method, and a few mines reach the degree of semi-mechanization. Mineral processing method generally uses gravity mineral processing, the process is usually: