Molecular Formula | C15H12O5 |
Molar Mass | 272.25 |
Density | 1.2066 (rough estimate) |
Melting Point | 247-250°C(lit.) |
Boling Point | 335.31°C (rough estimate) |
Solubility | DMSO (Slightly), Methanol (Slightly, Sonicated) |
Appearance | Powder |
Color | Beige-brown |
pKa | 7.52±0.40(Predicted) |
Storage Condition | Inert atmosphere,Room Temperature |
Refractive Index | 1.6000 (estimate) |
Physical and Chemical Properties | Soluble in ethanol, ether and benzene, almost insoluble in water. Core-shell etc. derived from the fruit of the stalk tree (Amacardi-um occidentale L.) of the family Rhus |
In vitro study | Naringenin is a flavonoid that is beneficial to human health and is biologically active as an antioxidant, free radical scavenger, anti-inflammatory drug, promoter of glucose metabolism, and immune system modulator. Naringenin is the main flavone in grapefruit. In in vitro tests, the substance has been shown to reduce oxidative damage to DNA. Naringenin, found in grapefruit juice, has been shown to have an inhibitory effect on the human cytochrome P450 isoform CYP1A2, which enables several commonly used agents to be used in humans (or orthologs) in an opposite way. Altered pharmacokinetics in the host, even causing other harmless substances to be carcinogenic. |
In vivo study | In normoglycemic and non-insulin-dependent diabetic (NIDDM) rat models, intragastric administration of Naringenin (50 mg/kg) resulted in a significant decrease in plasma glucose. LD50: Mouse> 5 g/kg; Rat> 5 g/kg. |
Risk Codes | R36/37/38 - Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin. R22 - Harmful if swallowed |
Safety Description | S26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. S36 - Wear suitable protective clothing. S37/39 - Wear suitable gloves and eye/face protection |
WGK Germany | 3 |
HS Code | 29329990 |
Hazard Class | IRRITANT |
FEMA | 4797 | (+/-)-NARINGENIN |
EPA chemical substance information | information provided by: ofmpeb.epa.gov (external link) |
Introduction | naringin is the aglycone of naringin, which belongs to dihydroflavonoid compound and is white needle-like crystal (methanol) at room temperature, soluble in ethanol, ether and benzene, almost insoluble in water. The reaction of magnesium hydrochloride powder was cherry red, the reaction of sodium tetrahydroborate was reddish purple, and the reaction of molish was negative. In nature, it is mainly derived from the flower buds of the Rosaceae plant Cherry Blossom (Prunus yedoensis Mate.), and the core shell of the fruit of the stem tree (Amacardi-um occidentale L.). The core structure of flavonoids is similar, most of the components of fat soluble and water soluble are not ideal, and the bioavailability is low. By modifying its structure, the introduction of fat-soluble or water-soluble groups can improve its fat-soluble or water-soluble, thereby improving bioavailability. Its structure modification mainly includes alkylation, acylation, sulfonation, glycosidation and formation of metal complexes. |
Application | Naringenin has antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antitussive, expectorant, hypolipidemic, anticancer, antispasmodic, free radical scavenging, prevention and treatment of liver disease, inhibition of platelet aggregation, anti-atherosclerosis and other effects, can be widely used in medicine, food and other fields. 1. Antibacterial: it has strong antibacterial effect on Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, dysentery and Salmonella Typhi. Naringenin also has the effect on fungi, and spraying 1000ppm on rice can reduce the infection of rice blast fungus by 40-90%, and has no toxicity to humans and livestock. 2. Anti-inflammatory: rats were injected with 20mg/kg per day, which significantly inhibited the inflammatory process caused by the implantation of sheep hair bulb. 3. Anticancer: it has activity on rat leukemia L1210 and sarcoma. 4. Antispasmodic and biliary: flavonoids have a strong role. Naringenin has a strong effect on increasing the secretion of bile in experimental animals. |
biological activity | Naringenin (NSC 34875, S-Dihydrogenistein, NSC 11855, saliprol) it is a natural major flavonoid derived from edible plants, beneficial to human health, has biological activity, is an antioxidant, free radical scavenger, anti-inflammatory, promoters of carbohydrate metabolism and modulators of the immune system. |
Target | Value |
Use | has antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, antispasmodic and choleretic effects A flavonoid compound commonly found in grapefruit, having antioxidant, free radical scavenger, anti-inflammatory compounds, carbohydrate metabolism promoter, and immune system regulator effects. Naringenin is a flavonoid commonly found in grapefruits which functions as an antioxidant, free radical scavenger, anti-inflammatory compound, carbohydrate metabolism promoter, and immune system modulator. Studies indicate that in vitro Naringenin reduces oxidative damage to DNA. In addition, Naringenin potently inhibits the secretion of very-low-density lipoproteins by cells. Furthermore Naringenin has been shown to reduce cholesterol concentrations in hepatocytes and plasma cells via inhibiting HMGCR (HMG-CoA reductase). Studies conducted on Hepatitis C virus particles demonstrate that Naringenin can inhibit the virus via a PPAR-mediated mechanism by inhibiting the long term assembly of the virus. |