pe512

pe512 - Names and Identifiers

pe512 - Physico-chemical Properties

Molecular Formula	（C2H4）n
Molar Mass	28.05316
Density	0.962g/mLat 25°C
Melting Point	92°C
Boling Point	48-110 °C(Press: 9 Torr)
Flash Point	270°C
Water Solubility	Soluble in acetone and benzene. Insoluble in water.
Appearance	powder
Specific Gravity	0.95
Color	White
Merck	14,7567
Storage Condition	-20°C
Stability	Stable, but breaks down slowly in uv light or sunlight. Incompatible with halogens, strong oxidizing agents, benzene, petroleum ether, aromatic and chlorinated hydrocarbons, lubricating oils.
Physical and Chemical Properties	Low molecular weight is generally colorless, odorless, tasteless, non-toxic liquid. The high molecular weight pure product is a milky white waxy solid powder.
Use	For the production of agricultural, food and industrial packaging film, wire and cable coating and coating, synthetic paper

pe512 - Risk and Safety

Safety Description	S22 - Do not breathe dust. S24/25 - Avoid contact with skin and eyes.
WGK Germany	3
RTECS	TQ3325000
TSCA	Yes
HS Code	39041090

pe512 - Upstream Downstream Industry

Raw Materials	Propionaldehyde Propane Propylene Ethylene
Downstream Products	Poly(ethylene glycol) Poly(ethylene) Poly(ethylene)

pe512 - Polyethylene anthracene

Open Data Verified Data

[English name] polyvinyl anthracene
[Properties] the photoconductor is mainly air-conductive, but the photoconductor of Poly 9-ethylene anthracene is far inferior to Poly 9,10-dimethyl anthracene or ethyl alkene, with a difference of about 3 orders of magnitude, the photosensitivity was 501 × 5, and the photosensitivity was increased to 71 × 5 by sensitization with 2-methyl quinone.
[Preparation method] the monomer 9-ethylene is polymerized at low temperature -70~10 C, and is obtained by radical initiated cationic polymerization; But at 5~10 C, the resultant was poly -9,10-dimethylene anthracene or poly -9-vinylidene hydrazine.
[Use] for optical conductors.
[Safety] resin belongs to high flash point flammable liquid in category 3.3 or Category 3.2 of the dangerous regulations; commonly used liquid resins are solutions of polycondensation or copolymers of flammable and toxic starting materials in solvents (e. G., Amino, alkyd, epoxy, polyester resins, etc.). Most of the resin has a common dangerous characteristics: in case of fire, high temperature flammable, contact with the oxidant to cause the risk of combustion, the eyes and skin irritation, inhalation of steam can produce vertigo, Head Pain, Nausea, symptoms such as confusion; Safety management and safety technical measures must be strengthened to ensure the personal health and safety of personnel exposed to hazardous chemicals. It can be packed in heavy packed plastic bags and then wrapped in woven bags or multi-layer Kraft paper bags or plastic containers lined with plastic film, stored in a cool, ventilated and dry place, away from the fire source, to avoid the sun and rain and sharp objects puncture the packaging bag. Non-hazardous materials may be transported.

Last Update：2022-01-01 08:51:46

pe512 - Low density polyethylene

Open Data Verified Data

[English name] low density polyethylene; LDPE

[alias] High pressure polyethylene

[Properties] low density polyethylene is milky white, tasteless, odorless, non-toxic, surface matte waxy Glume, density range of 0. 910~0.0.25g/cms, polyethylene resin in addition to the lightest varieties of ultra low density polyethylene. Its molecular structure is a branched chain molecule with different long and short branches on the main chain, with about 20 to 30 ethyl, butyl or longer branches per 1000 carbon atoms in the main chain. Compared with high density polyethylene and medium density polyethylene, the crystallinity (55% ~ 65Y6) and softening point (90~100 ℃) are lower, and the melt flow rate is wider (MFI = 0.2~80g/min).
Low Density Polyethylene has good chemical stability, acid, alkali and salt aqueous solution, can resist the general organic solvent below 60 ℃. Cold resistance is also relatively good, with low conductivity, low dielectric constant, low dielectric loss tangent and high dielectric strength. However, the heat resistance, oxidation resistance and photo aging properties are poor. It is often necessary to add antioxidants and ultraviolet absorbers to the application formula to improve its aging resistance.
Low Density Polyethylene has good flexibility, elongation, transparency, processability and a certain degree of air permeability, but the mechanical strength is lower than that of high density polyethylene, and the moisture permeability is also poor. Adhesion, adhesion, printing is poor, the need for chemical corrosion and Corona treatment can be improved. Its physical and mechanical properties are also different due to different uses.
Low-density polyethylene (LDPE) is a flammable substance whose dust can be burned and exploded in air. Combustion temperature is 625~650 deg C, the combustion concentration in the air is 85 ~ 370g/m3, so in the transport and storage process must be strictly prohibited and high temperature.

[process] industrial large-scale production of low-density polyethylene is a high-pressure bulk polymerization method, that is, high purity ethylene in the trace amount of oxygen (or air), organic or inorganic peroxide, etc, from 9.8 to 34. The product was obtained by radical polymerization under the conditions of 3MPa and 150-330 °c. In the production method according to the different Polymerization Reactors used, and often divided into two categories of kettle method and tubular method.

the polymerization reactor used in the pot method is a high pressure reactor with a stirrer. The initiator is mostly peroxide, and the reaction pressure is usually lower than that of the tubular method, which is about 9.8~24. 5MPa, the reaction temperature is about 150~300, and the conversion rate is 20% ~ 25%. The polymerization reactor used in the tubular method is a hollow long tube, the tube length can reach 1400m, the initiator is oxygen (or air), and the pressure is 19.6~34. 3MPa, the temperature is 250~330 degrees C, the single pass conversion rate is 20% ~ 34%.

1. The high-purity cut fresh ethylene was mixed with unreacted ethylene circulation gas in a pot method, and then the mixture was pressurized twice to 11. 27 to 21. After 56MPA, the reactor was fed to a pot polymerization reactor, and a trace amount of an organic peroxide initiator was injected into the reactor. Ethylene is polymerized in the presence of initiator at 10. 78~19.6 MPA and 160~285 ℃ to obtain low density polyethylene. After the produced low-density polyethylene and the unreacted ethylene are cooled to a certain temperature, the unreacted ethylene is separated into a circulation system through a high-pressure separator and a low-pressure separator, and mixed with fresh ethylene for use. The molten polymer separated from the low pressure separator is mixed with an appropriate amount of additives, and then extruded and granulated to obtain a granular product.

2. The fresh high purity ethylene and the circulating ethylene gas from the low pressure separator are mixed into the primary compressor by the tubular method, and the pressure is increased to 24.5~29. 4MPa, while adding initiator oxygen (or air) and molecular weight regulator. The material was compressed once and then mixed with the circulating ethylene from the high pressure separator, and then compressed to a pressure of 24. 5mpa or more by a secondary compressor and sent to a tubular polymerization reactor to carry out polymerization under the action of an initiator. The polymerization temperature was 250-330 °c. The reaction product was separated from the unreacted ethylene by a high-pressure separator and a low-pressure separator, and sent to a secondary compressor and a primary compressor for recycling, respectively. The obtained polymer was pelletized and dried to obtain a product.

3. Comparison of kettle method and tubular method in general, large-scale devices tend to use the tubular method; The production of special grade devices are more likely to use the kettle method.

4. Trends and trends

The development trend of low density polyethylene process is mainly the large scale of production equipment, the improvement of process operating conditions and the development and application of new initiators.
(1) the reactor of the ICI company of the united kingdom has been expanded from 0. 25 rr13 in the 50 s of the 20th century to lll13, and the capacity of the single line has been developed from 15kt/a to look t/a. The volume of the reactor of the French CdF company is expanded to 1.5 rr13, and the single line capacity is 150 ~ 175kt/a, becoming one of the largest reactors in the world. The tube diameter of the tubular reactor is more than 50mm, the tube length is more than 1300m, and the scale of the device is less than 50kt/a. It is rare to use 136kt/a as the lowest economic scale. Britain, France, Germany, the United States and Japan and other countries to build high-pressure polyethylene plant, single line capacity of 80~120kt/a. Due to the large size of the installation, not only the total investment of the unit product of the polyethylene plant is reduced, but also the production cost is reduced, and the competitiveness of the product in the market is enhanced. The improvement of the capacity of the single line and the expansion of the volume of the high pressure reactor indicate the improvement of the manufacturing level.
(2) continuous improvement of process operating conditions in the pot-type ethylene polymerization reaction, most of them have evolved from single-zone polymerization to multi-zone polymerization, different types of initiators are injected into different parts of the reactor and different reaction pressures and temperatures are controlled so that the reaction pressure does not need to exceed 15. 19MPa. The single-pass conversion rate of ethylene has increased from 17% in the past to about 21%. The French CdF company divided a reactor into five reaction zones for polymerization, and introduced ethylene gas from six channels, by injecting different catalysts from six points, the single-pass conversion rate has been improved. Japan sumitomitro chemical has developed a new process of double-kettle series connection on the basis of the introduced ICI technology, in 1984, the double kettle series process was further improved. The original double kettle is the same volume of the reactor, and now it is proposed that the volume of the front reactor can be 1 to 6 times of the volume of the rear reactor, the front kettle is divided into two reaction zones, the feed point and the initiator injection point of the front kettle are two, which can not only improve the efficiency of the initiator, but also reduce the consumption of the initiator (15%-20% lower than the original), the conversion rate can be increased by 2% ~ 4%.
(3) the development and application of new initiators with the continuous improvement of process conditions, the initiator put forward new requirements. The research departments of large companies around the world have studied various catalysts and polyethylene initiators. The new initiators are applied by many devices, and the application also changes the polymerization process conditions, increase the production capacity of the original unit. The quality of the product is improved. Due to the new low temperature initiator, the reaction temperature and pressure (lower than 15, 19MPa) are reduced by ICI company, which is beneficial to safe production and energy saving. The French CdF company uses more than four different types of initiators into six points, which not only improves the output of the product, but also improves the quality of the product. The tubular reactors of BASF in Germany, Imhausen, Atto in France and United States of America have also adopted new initiators to improve the yield and quality. They mix organic peroxide and pure oxygen, inject initiator in four different positions of the reactor, and control the reaction temperature in the corresponding zone at 170.2 ℃, 180.2 ℃, 190.2 °c and 200.2 °c or 250.2 °c. The use of such process conditions and new initiators makes it possible to achieve high ethylene per-pass conversions of 35% in these plants. Foreign companies are generally looking for low-temperature initiators, such as tert-butyl peroxy Ester,
T-butyl decanoate oxide, nonanoyl peroxide, dicyclohexyl carbonate peroxide, etc. In HP-LDPE, Ziegler catalyst was used to produce LLDPE and VLDPE by copolymerization of ethylene and high carbon port olefin. The improved LDPE process includes French CdF company, Atto company, American Arco company, Dow Chemical Company, and Italian Monte Addison company, which realizes the multi-function of the device. The development and application of metallocene catalysts for ethylene polymerization is also one of the development directions of LDPE. The metallocene catalysts commonly used in ethylene polymerization include non-bridged, bridged, substituted monocene and monocene. Non-chiral and chiral metallocene catalysts for homopolymerization of ethylene, metallocene-catalyzed copolymerization of ethylene and olefm to form LLDPE is a very important research and application field (in this manual will be specifically described
Comment).
(4) the extensive application of DCS and the improvement of its management level as DCS is widely used in various fields such as automatic control of polyethylene plant, data processing, establishment of optimal production model and production data collection, the production level and management level of the unit have been further improved. The application of DCS makes the study of polyethylene mathematical model faster. The researchers used the polymerization kinetics, material balance and heat balance to establish the calculation model, and used the computer to simulate the reactor multi-zone polymerization process, in order to develop a new polymerization process and the optimal production method. In order to make the material in the reaction zone space to achieve the best state of fluid mechanics, put forward the idea of improving the mixing mode, and the new design of the tubular or tank reactor structure, in order to increase the production capacity, the purpose of improving product quality and reducing production cost.
The researchers have successfully used the reactor differential phase reaction model to explore the relationship between the physical properties of polyethylene and the size of the reactor, the structure of the reactor, and the relationship between the physical properties of polyethylene and the reaction conditions, in this way, the stirred shaft of the reactor is designed, and the reaction conditions are determined according to the required polyethylene properties. The single pass conversion of ethylene and the unit consumption of initiator can be predicted by calculation. This greatly improves the economy of polyethylene production. Computer not only in the establishment of mathematical models have been widely used, but also make the production control automation, optimization, safety and stability has been further improved. At the same time, the level of product management, quality management, operation management, environmental management, equipment management and spare parts management of polyethylene plant has been further
Improved.
[Processing] LDPE mainly adopts the melt processing method, which can be used in Extrusion, injection molding, blow molding, rotational molding, casting and other methods of processing.
1. Processing characteristics of LDPE
① LDPE water absorption is very low, less than 10000/2, drying procedure can be omitted before processing.
(2) LDPE will be oxidized in air, especially at the melting temperature is more dangerous, to minimize contact with air during processing, or add antioxidants.
③ LDPE has high crystallinity and large molding shrinkage, which is about 1_5% ~ 2.0%.
(4) in order to improve the printability of LDPE products, surface treatment is usually needed to improve the wetting tension of the surface. The most common method is flame or Corona treatment.
(5) the waste pieces of LDPE produced in the process and the scrap can be recycled and used.
Processing conditions affect the molecular orientation and density of the LDPE, which in turn affects the mechanical and optical properties of the finished product. The orientation of LDPE is usually formed by the freezing stress in the manufacturing process, which can be reduced by increasing the temperature, reducing the processing speed or increasing the flow path.
In general, the tear strength is low in the orientation direction, and the tensile strength is improved. An important processing parameter is the quench rate, I .e. the rate at which the molten polymer cools to a solid. Quenching speed is too fast, will reduce the density, affect the mechanical strength of the product.

2. Extrusion extrusion is an important processing method of LDPE, thin pancreas, pipe, sheet, profile, coating, wire, cable is an important product of extrusion processing. The resin was melted in the extruder and then sent out through the die. The die provides the melt with a shape that is associated with the final product. The melt may be drawn into a thin cross-section in an air gap, then cooled and its shape maintained. The solid plastic enters an extraction machine, which leads the melt from the die and passes through a cooling system, and the width and length of each of the plastic is cut into bundles or rolls. Extrusion is a continuously operated process for the production of products of the same cross-section, with a certain length.

3. Injection molding injection molding is the process in which a molten thermoplastic polymer is injected into a steel mold. After the plastic is cured, the mold is opened to obtain an article having a mold cavity shape. The injection molding machine has two important components, namely, the injection device and the molding device. The injection device melts the plastic and injects it into the mold. The mold clamping device is opened and closed, so that the mold is subjected to melt pressure. The specifications of the injection molding machine are often expressed by the ability of the clamping device, usually 50 ~ lOOOt.
The main part of the injection device is an extruder specially designed for injection molding equipment. The specifications of the injection device are expressed in terms of its injection capacity, I .e., the maximum amount of melt that can be injected in one injection cycle. This number is determined by the diameter of the screw and the distance of the round trip.
The injection molding machine is driven by hydraulic power, and the machine is equipped with an electric motor and a hydraulic pump. The maximum pressure of the hydraulic oil is 14MPa. One hydraulic cylinder is used to open and close the mold, while the other pushes the screw forward to inject the melt into the mold, and the hydraulic engine rotates the screw. Hydraulic and electrical systems are combined to control these actions.
Since the mold determines the shape of the final product, different molds need to be customized for different products. Computer-aided design (CAD) and computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) processes have been increasingly used in mold design and manufacturing.

4. Blow molding is an important processing method for the production of thin films and hollow containers. An extrusion blown film is a plastic film that is extruded as a tubular film. It is mainly used for food packaging and garbage bags. Film extrusion blow molding is the extrusion of resin particles through the melt into a melt, the melt up through the ring die, the tubular molten resin is filled with air, the air inflates the resin tube to the desired size, the film was cooled by the air flow outside the tube and then flattened and drawn several meters above the die by a pair of rollers. Between the die and the pinch roller, the resin tube was extruded on Isolation air bubbles which were sealed by the valve under the die and the pinch roller above. The amount of air determines the radius of the tube and the width of the membrane of the tube after folding.
Blow molding is also the most commonly used processing method for the production of hollow containers such as bottles. A single product of a variety is usually produced on a larger scale. In this method, the resin particles are formed by melt extrusion, and the melt is free to expand and sag. This process requires the melt of the resin has a very consistent expansion and vertical shrinkage, in order to prevent the vertical shrinkage is too large, the viscosity of the melt is required to be higher. If larger containers are to be manufactured, blow molding machines are usually equipped with a cylinder and a piston, which serve as a reservoir for the melt.
The storage cylinder is filled with the melt from the extruder and then vented at a very fast rate to form a large plastic blank, thereby reducing the sag of the melt tube to a small cavity.
For a simple blank, the wall is thin at the larger diameter of the bottle and the wall thickness is thin at the smaller diameter. Some modification of the die can be made to produce different longitudinal thickness distribution of the plastic body, the thickness distribution of the bottle can be improved, and the strength can be improved.

5. The film processed by the casting method has a good appearance and luster. The opening of the die in the processing equipment of the cast film is a long and straight slit, and the width of the slit is about 0. 4mm, can be adjusted. The positioning of the die relative to the casting roll must be very careful, and the molten resin material is drawn from the die to the casting roll for controlled cooling. The casting roll is highly polished and plated so that the film has a smooth and free surface. The casting rolls are cooled by rapid cycling of water, and temperature control is important. It is sometimes necessary for the die to be longer than the width of the surface because the molten material sheet is narrowed, I .e., contracted, after being drawn from the die. The edge of the surface is relatively thick, the edge needs to be repaired before winding, and the corner material can be re-processed.
In the processing of cast film, the melt must be in good contact with the chill roller, that is, air cannot pass between the surface and the roller, otherwise the air will also isolate a part of the plastic, the rate of cooling is different from that of the other parts, thereby destroying the appearance of the product. The melt can not release volatile matter, otherwise the volatile matter will also condense on the casting roll, reduce the rate of heat conduction, damage the surface appearance. In cast film processing, the temperature of the melt is higher than that of the thin film. In general, the higher the melt temperature, the better the optical properties of the film.

6. Different processing methods require different molecular weight (MFR is 0.1~50g/10 min), different density (0. 916~0.930g/cm3) and different long chain branching degree (this property has a great influence on the molecular weight distribution) of LDPE resin is suitable for different processing methods.
The film is the largest amount of LDPE resin, generally speaking, with the decrease of melt flow rate and the increase of long chain branching degree, the toughness of the film increases, but the transparency and vertical elongation decrease. The density of the high-transparency film is usually 921 to g/cm3, the resin MFR used as a general-purpose packaging film is 2.0g/10 min, and the thin film is extremely thin (e. G., the MFR used as a garbage bag is 6.0g/10 min). For applications requiring high impact strength, the MFR can be reduced to 0.3g/10 min. Changing the synthesis conditions can reduce the degree of long chain branching. Alpha-olefins (usually propylene) are sometimes used as comonomers and chain transfer agents to improve film clarity and impact strength. Sometimes isobutylene or 1-Butene is also added.
The transparency is not required to be high. The resin for the film has more long chain branches, and the surface of the film is thicker and the haze is higher. The density of the resin is typically from 917 to 0.921g/cms. The MFR of the liner and the general-purpose film resin is usually 2. Og/10 min, and the high impact grade MFR is 1.0 to 0. 3g/10 min. Most of the membrane grades are produced by tubular reactors, and the products have a good balance of long and short branching degree.
The MFR of extrusion coated LDPE resin is 4~8g/10 min and the density is 0.923~0.930g/cm3, which is mainly used for coating paper and paperboard to improve the moisture resistance. This resin is produced in a tank reactor because the tank reactor product has a wide molecular weight distribution and good coating properties under high temperature and high speed operating conditions.
For power cable cross-linked resin MFR = 1.5 ~ 3.og/lOmin,d≥ 0.918g]cm3, for thermoplastic insulation material resin MFR = 0.2~0.4g/10 nun, has a high resistance to stress cracking and good low temperature.
Injection grade is used for parts requiring toughness, flexibility and transparency, such as for household items, toys, covers and covers, etc. The MFR of the resin is 2.0~50g/10 min and the density is 0. 917~0.924g/cma. LDPE resin for blow molding has an MFR of 0.25 to 1.5g/
lOnun, density 0.918g/cm3. LDPE blow molded articles (E. G., extrudable bottles) are generally required to be more flexible.
7. Additives most polyethylene products contain additives to prevent degradation of the resin and to improve performance. Commonly used antioxidants are 2,6-= tert-butyl-p-cresol (BHT), octanoyl -3,5-= tert-butyl-4-hydroxyhydrocinnamate and tetra-bis (3,5-= tert-butyl-4-hydroxycinnamate) methane. Antioxidants are typically added during the manufacturing process to prevent thermal degradation of sigmoid during processing. Outdoor products exposed to sunlight are often added with uv-resistant light stabilizers to prevent photodegradation. Commonly used light stabilizers are benzophenones, such as 2 hydroxy 4 octylbenzophenone. Adding 3% carbon black can also achieve a good protective effect.
LDPE films, especially blown films, are easy to stick together. Adding a small amount of lubricant, such as erucamide, can reduce the coefficient of friction of the surface and reduce the adhesion.
The antiblocking agent is usually diatomaceous earth with a particle size of 5 to 15 μm. Fine silica gel also acts as an anti-blocking agent, but it roughens the surface and reduces transparency.
Other commonly used additives are; Antistatic agent, often added to the molding products, to reduce the product ash; Pigment, often added in the form of masterbatch; Flame retardant, reduce the flammability of the product; Crosslinking agent, such as organic peroxides, commonly used in wire and cable; Foaming agent, such as organic compounds that can emit gas, used in the production of foam sheet; Degradation additives, used to promote the degradation of the gap of light degradation and biodegradation; adhesion control agents, such as polybutene, may be used for stretch-wrap packaging.
In order to make the surface of the film easy to print, corona discharge treatment is often used to induce its oxidation. For molded products, flame treatment methods are commonly used.

[purpose] LDPE is mainly used as film products, such as agricultural film, ground cover film, vegetable greenhouse film, etc., packaging film such as candy, vegetables, frozen food and other packaging, blown film for liquid packaging (milk, soy sauce, fruit juice, tofu, soy milk), shrink packaging film, elastic film, lining film, construction film, general industrial packaging film and food bags.
LDPE traces are used in injection molded articles, such as small containers, lids, household products, plastic flowers, injection-molding stretch blow-molded containers, medical devices, pharmaceutical and food packaging materials. Extruded pipes, plates, wire and cable covering, profiles, thermoforming and other products; Blow molding hollow molding products, such as food containers with dairy products and jam, drugs, cosmetics, containers for chemical products and foam plastics. Rotational molding products are mainly used for large containers and tanks.

[safety] resin production of raw materials, the human skin and mucous membranes have varying degrees of stimulation, can cause skin allergic reactions and inflammation; at the same time, we should also pay attention to the harm of resin dust to human body. Long-term inhalation of high concentration of resin dust will cause lung lesions. Most of the resin has a common hazard characteristics: open flame, high temperature flammable, and oxidant exposure will cause combustion risk, therefore, the operator to improve the operating environment, the operating area and the non-operating area shall be intentionally drawn apart, automated and closed as far as possible, and ventilation facilities shall be installed.
The product is packed in a polyethylene heavy packaging film bag. According to the needs of the user, a polypropylene woven bag can be added as the outer package, and the net weight of each bag (25.00±0.25) kg. Products should be stored in a clean and dry warehouse, and can be transported by train, car, ship, etc. Attention should be paid to fire prevention, waterproof, sun protection, dust prevention and pollution prevention during storage and transportation. Transport tools should be kept clean and dry, without sharp objects such as nails and tarpaulin.

Last Update：2024-01-02 23:10:35

pe512 - High molecular weight and high density polyhexene

Open Data Verified Data

[English name] high molecular weight polyethene; HMWHDPE

[Properties] high molecular weight high density polyethylene is a linear copolymer or homopolymer with an average molecular weight of 200,000 to 500,000. The melt flow rate under high load is 10 to 15g/10 min, the density is 0.941 to 944g/cm3, and the majority is 0.954 to g/cm3. Stress cracking resistance, impact strength, tensile strength, rigidity, wear resistance and chemical stability are better than HDPE, which can be used in harsh environment for a long time.

[preparation method] can be produced by slurry method or gas phase method. Ethylene and a-olefins such as butene, hexene or octene in the reactor, in the presence of Ziegler-type or Phillips-type high efficiency catalysts (silica/alumina as a carrier), in 0. 48-3. The high molecular weight high density polyethylene is obtained by polymerization at lMPa and 80~110 ℃, and the desired product is obtained by post-treatment.

[molding processing] can be used in Extrusion, injection molding and blow molding process, can also be used in molding, pressing method and coating construction.

[use] one of the main uses of high molecular weight high density polyethylene foot film products, mainly used for food packaging, miscellaneous packaging, freight packaging, can lining, ultra-thin agricultural film. The Extruded pipes can be used for oil transportation, water supply and transportation of corrosive media and electrical piping. Another important use of the tubing is as an intra-fiber tube for fiber-optic telephone devices. In addition, it can also be used as a large container, a storage tank, a tank lining, a cable jacket, an electronic and electrical component, and the like.

[safety] the product is packed in a polyethylene heavy packaging film bag. According to the user's needs, a polypropylene woven bag can be added as the outer package, and the net weight of each bag is (00±0.25) kg. Products should be stored in a clean and dry warehouse, and can be transported by train, car, ship, etc. Attention should be paid to fire prevention, waterproof, sun protection, dust prevention and pollution prevention during storage and transportation. Transport tools should be kept clean and dry, without sharp objects such as nails and tarpaulin.

[manufacturers] the United States DSM company, the United States Enichem company, Japan's three well oil company, Anhui Chemical Research Institute, Shanghai Taqiao chemical plant.

Last Update：2022-01-01 08:51:47

pe512 - Metallocene linear low density polyethylene

Open Data Verified Data

[Properties] metallocene linear low density polyethylene molecular main chain of the short chain branch and comonomer content is almost the same, the molecular weight is uniform, the molecular weight distribution is narrow, the molecular weight can be adjusted according to the need, metallocene linear low density polyethylene has the following excellent physical properties as compared with linear low density polyethylene. (1) tensile strength, tear strength, high impact strength; (2) high transparency; (3) has excellent low temperature heat sealing; (4) solvent soluble components, good hygiene.

[process] the use of metallocene catalysts to produce metallocene linear low density polyethylene technology is the United States (Dixon) Chemical Company, Dow Chemical Company, japan's three Well Petroleum Chemical Industry Company, Mitsubishi Chemical Company, the United Kingdom Petroleum Chemicals (BP) company and the United States (ucc) company.

[finished product processing] mLLDPE in the standard LLDPE blow molding equipment requires high motor power, and high processing temperature and mouth molding force, this results in poor stability of the membrane vesicles and low yield. Therefore, when processing mLLDPE, the standard LLDPE extrusion blow molding should be appropriately improved.
(1) mixed with ordinary linear low density polyethylene and ordinary linear low density polyethylene mixed use can overcome the metallocene linear low density polyethylene narrow molecular weight distribution, processing difficulties defects. This approach is simple and effective.
(2) to improve the processing equipment in improving processing equipment, the U. S. Dixon chemical company launched the shear barrier type screw, the U. S. Dow Chemical Company recommended high length to diameter ratio (L:D a 30:1) the gradual single thread screw and the mechanical and electromagnetic integrated screw adopted by South China University of Technology have achieved certain application results.
[Use] used for extrusion of blood vessels, corrugated breathing tubes, tube connectors, internal venous tubes, face masks and nozzles. Exalt series products produced by the United States company are mainly used for medical materials, co-extruded packaging films, wire and cable and automotive special materials; Affinity Series products produced by the American chemical company PL1840, PL1880 is mainly used for blown film sealing layer, grade FW16 50 is mainly used for co-extrusion of fresh food packaging film, grade HF1030 is mainly used in personal health care and medical field, and grade PL1845 is the heat sealing resin of flat extrusion film, it can be used as an extrusion film sealing layer.

Last Update：2022-01-01 08:51:46

pe512 - Reference Information

(IARC) carcinogen classification	3 (Vol. 19, Sup 7) 1987
NIST chemical information	information provided by: webbook.nist.gov (external link)
EPA chemical substance information	information provided by: ofmpeb.epa.gov (external link)
Background	polyethylene (PE) is currently the largest production of high-quality polymer materials, polyethylene plastics in the world's total output of plastics in the first place. Low density polyethylene is mainly used for film, coating and other soft products. High-density polyethylene is mainly used for making bottles, boxes and other hard products, can also be made into fiber (known as ethylene), used in the production of fishing nets, ropes and so on. Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene has a series of excellent comprehensive properties, such as good resistance to environmental stress cracking, low moisture absorption, fatigue resistance, high impact resistance and other properties, can be used as wear-resistant and impact-resistant parts on textile machinery, such as skin, gear and washer.
Introduction	polyethylene is a thermoplastic resin obtained by addition polymerization of ethylene, there are only two elements, carbon and hydrogen, in the molecular structure. Non-toxic, with excellent low temperature resistance (minimum use temperature up to -100 ℃), good chemical stability, resistance to acid and alkali corrosion (in addition to oxidizing acid), good electrical insulation performance, but the heat resistance and aging resistance are poor. The molecular weight varies from ten thousand to several million depending on the polymerization conditions. According to different polymerization methods, it can be divided into high pressure polyethylene, medium pressure polyethylene and low pressure polyethylene. From the consumption point of view, high pressure polyethylene, high pressure polyethylene and medium and low pressure polyethylene consumption ratio of 3 :1~2:1. This information has been edited by chemical book Yao Yao.
Usage history	in, the British ICI company first discovered that under the high pressure of 100 ~ 300MPa, ethylene can be polymerized into a white waxy solid-polyethylene, patented for this high-pressure (low-density) polyethylene in 1937, and industrial production began in 1939. Ziegler in Germany discovered that ethylene could be polymerized at low temperature and low pressure to obtain high density polyethylene by using organometallic compounds as catalysts. It was put into industrial production in Germany and the United States in 1957. Phillips oil company in the United States used metal oxide as a catalyst in the polymerization of 3 ~ 8MPa pressure, also obtained high density polyethylene, which is medium pressure polyethylene, in 1957 to achieve industrial production.
polymerization method	there are 3 different polymerization methods for the industrial production of polyethylene: (1) the high pressure method uses oxygen or organic peroxide as catalyst to polymerize ethylene under the conditions of pressure of 150 ~ 300MPa and temperature of 180~200 ℃, low density polyethylene with a relative density of 0.910-0.925 and a crystallinity of 55%-65% was obtained. (2) medium pressure method with transition metal oxides as catalyst, under the conditions of pressure of 1.8 ~ 8MPa, temperature of 130~270 ℃, ethylene is dissolved in alkane solvent for solution polymerization, A medium density polyethylene having a relative density of 0.926 to 0.940 and a high density polyethylene having a relative density of 0.941 to 0.965 are obtained, and the crystallinity is 90%. ③ TiCl4-Al(C2H5)3 is dissolved in alkane solvent (gasoline, etc.) to be slurry catalyst by low pressure method, and the polymerization is carried out at a pressure of 1.4MPa and a temperature of 100 ℃, high Density Polyethylene with a relative density of 0.941-0.965 and a crystallinity of 85%-90% was obtained. The output of polyethylene is mainly high pressure polyethylene, and the consumption ratio of high pressure polyethylene to low pressure polyethylene is about 3:1~2:1.
classification of polyethylene	① low density polyethylene, abbreviated as LDPE, is usually produced by high pressure method, so it is also called high pressure polyethylene, density 0.910~0.925g/cm3, melting point 107~126 ℃, it has the advantages of light weight, cold resistance, impact resistance, chemical stability, excellent high frequency insulation performance and processing performance, can blow molding, extrusion and injection molding. For packaging materials, pipes, cable insulation and sheath, polyethylene film is widely used in seedling, plastic film, vegetable greenhouse and food packaging, polyethylene plate is a good corrosion-resistant lining material. ② high-density polyethylene, referred to as HDPE, usually produced by low-pressure method, also known as low-pressure polyethylene, density 0.941~0.965g/cm3, melting point 132~135 ℃, with high use temperature, hardness, mechanical strength and chemical resistance and other properties. Blow molding, injection molding and extrusion can be used to form a variety of bottles, cans, pots, barrels and other containers and cables, fish nets, binding belts, wires, cable coatings, pipes, plates and shaped materials. ③ medium density polyethylene, density of 0.926~0.940g/cm3, also known as medium pressure polyethylene or Phillips method polyethylene, its performance and high density polyethylene similar. The domestic production volume is relatively small, so it should be omitted. (4) linear low density polyethylene, referred to as LLDPE, density 0.92~0.93g/cm3, melting point 117~130 ℃, linear low density polyethylene impact strength, elongation, good resistance to environmental stress cracking. Puncture resistance is best in polyethylene, particularly suitable for the production of films, stretched articles, etc. The advantages and characteristics of linear low density polyethylene are more and more recognized and valued by people. In the film, silk, belt, pipe and other products, an appropriate amount of linear low density polyethylene is added to blend with other resins, it can significantly improve the tensile strength and impact properties of plastic products. (5) the catalyst used in the polymerization of metallocene polyethylene is metallocene type, so its unique performance, abbreviated as m-PE, is a new type of polyethylene with excellent characteristics. A catalytic system composed of metallocene catalyst and methylaluminoxane cocatalyst is used in the polymerization of ethylene, and the obtained polyolefin product obtains many unique properties that traditional polyethylene has never had, such as high relative molecular weight and narrow distribution, short and less branched chain, low density, high purity, high tensile strength, high transparency, high impact, puncture resistance, heat sealing temperature and so on. This is because the metallocene catalyst has an ideal single active site, which can precisely control the relative molecular mass, relative molecular mass distribution, comonomer content and its distribution in the main chain and crystal structure. Metallocene polyethylene is a new type of polyethylene with high stereoregularity and narrow molecular weight distribution.
Application	polyethylene can be processed into films, wire and cable sheaths, pipes, various Hollow products, injection molded products, fibers, etc, therefore, it is widely used in agriculture, packaging, automobile and other fields.
ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene	the relative molecular mass of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene is over a million, usually between 1 million and 3 million, up to 6 million ~ 7 million. The ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene is abbreviated as UHMWPE, and its molecular structure is basically the same as HDPE, and it is also a linear structure. Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene has excellent wear resistance, outstanding high modulus, high toughness, excellent self-lubrication and environmental stress cracking resistance, low friction coefficient, at the same time, it also has excellent chemical stability and fatigue resistance, and has good noise damping property. It is an excellent friction material for preparing friction parts such as gears and bearings, and has low manufacturing cost, therefore, it is regarded as a good thermoplastic engineering plastic. FIG. 2 is a comparison of properties between ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene and high density polyethylene.
polyethylene resin	polyethylene resin is a typical thermoplastic general purpose resin. According to different polymerization methods, a variety of polymers with different densities can be obtained, but the density of different properties will also be different. The appearance is translucent, milky white, soft, feel like wax. Resistance to chemical corrosion. Mechanical properties and polyvinyl chloride resin is not much different, easy to produce application cracks. Polyethylene resin is divided into three categories: (1) low density polyethylene resin, first developed in the UK. It is the thermal polymerization of ethylene under high pressure, so also known as high pressure polymerization of polyethylene, polymerization results can be obtained with a molecular weight of 1~50,000 resin. However, due to the large number of branched chains, the molecules are difficult to arrange, so the density is small, the tensile strength is low, the softening point is low, and the processing is easy. The specific gravity is between 0.910 and 0.925. The heat-resistant temperature is only between 60 ℃ and 100 ℃, and the electrical insulation performance is excellent. (2) medium density polyethylene resin was first studied successfully in the United States. It is a resin polymerized by using a chromium trioxide catalyst under a pressure of 3 × 106Pa to 5 × 106Pa and a temperature of 130 ° C. To 180 ° C., so it is also called medium pressure polymerized polyethylene. The specific gravity is 0.92 to 0.94, and the heat resistance temperature is 105 to 120. Due to the presence of trace amounts of catalyst in the formed product, Therefore, the electrical insulation performance is poor. (3) the high-density polyethylene resin was invented by the German. It is a resin that is polymerized by Ziegler catalyst at normal temperature and pressure, so it is also called low pressure polymerization polyethylene. The molecular weight of 10,000~3 million. In comparison with the resins produced by the high-pressure method and the medium-pressure method described above, the heat resistance was 120 ° C., the strength was high, and a hard product was obtained. However, similar to the medium pressure method, the catalyst is often left in the formed product, so the electrical insulation performance is poor. The Uses of polyethylene with different densities are as follows: (1) low density is used to make packaging film greenhouse film; (2) medium density is used to make cups, basket and bucket, etc.; (3) high density is used in the production of industrial products, such as gears, cams, gaskets and automatic drop hammer. Due to the wide application of polyethylene, has become the largest production of plastic. An important disadvantage of this is that it is difficult to adhere with an adhesive. In addition, it is also possible to form a synthetic rubber by imparting viscoelasticity to the resin by copolymerization. Examples of such copolymers include: EVA resin (copolymer of polyethylene and vinyl acetate);EEA resin (copolymer of polyethylene and ethyl acrylate) and EMA resin (copolymer of polyethylene and methyl acrylate).
toxicity	can be used safely in foods (FDA,§ 172.615,2000).
usage limit	GB 2760-1996:GMP is limited.
Use	1. Polyethylene can be processed into films, wire and cable sheaths, pipes, various Hollow products, injection molded products, fibers, etc., which are widely used in agriculture, packaging, automotive and other industries. 2.PE can be used for the production of high impact plastic profiles, rubber additives, 3. Can be used as industrial and agricultural products, food packaging materials, crop seedling cover film, channel, reservoir impermeable membrane, etc. 4. Used in the food industry, can be used as chewing gum. Used to replace steel, but also can be used as a special film, large containers, large catheters, plates and sintered materials.
toxic substance data	information provided by: pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov (external link)

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pe512

Poly(ethylene)

CAS: 9002-88-4

Molecular Formula: （C2H4）n

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pe512 - Polyethylene anthracene

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Name	Poly(ethylene)
Synonyms	PE LDPE pe617 LLDPE pe512 pes100 pen100 pes200 pep211 pad522 petrothene Polyethylene Ethylene latex Poly(ethylene) poly(methylene) Polyethylene wax Polyethylenepowderforglc High Density Polyethylene polyethylene standard 183000 Ethylene resin (low density) Polyethylene (trace elements Ethylene resin (high density)
CAS	9002-88-4
EINECS	618-339-3

pe512 Request for Quotation

Poly(ethylene)

CAS: 9002-88-4

Molecular Formula: （C2H4）n

pe512 - Names and Identifiers

pe512 - Physico-chemical Properties

pe512 - Risk and Safety

pe512 - Upstream Downstream Industry

pe512 - Polyethylene anthracene

Open Data Verified Data

pe512 - Low density polyethylene

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pe512 - High molecular weight and high density polyhexene

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pe512 - Metallocene linear low density polyethylene

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pe512 - Reference Information

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pe512