spinosad
spinosad
CAS: 131929-60-7;168316-95-8
Molecular Formula: C41H65NO10
spinosad - Names and Identifiers
spinosad - Physico-chemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | C41H65NO10 |
| Molar Mass | 731.96 |
| Density | 1.16±0.1 g/cm3(Predicted) |
| Boling Point | 801.5±65.0 °C(Predicted) |
| Flash Point | 438.541°C |
| Water Solubility | Spinosyn A: 290 mg l-1 (pH 5);Spinosyn D: 29 mg l-1 (pH 5) |
| Vapor Presure | Spinosyn A: 3.2 x 10-8 Pa Spinosyn D: 2.1 x 10-8 Pa |
| pKa | Spinosyn A: 8.1 (base);Spinosyn D: 7.8 (base) |
| Storage Condition | -20℃ |
| Refractive Index | 1.54 |
| Physical and Chemical Properties | Light gray-white solid crystals with a slight Stout-soil odor. The vapor pressure was about 1.3 x 10-10Pa. In aqueous solution at pH 7.74, it is relatively stable to metals and metal ions within 28d. The half-life of photodegradation in soil is 9 ~ 10d; The half-life of photolysis is less than 1d. In the range of pH 5~7, it is relatively stable in aqueous solution. When the pH value is 9, the half-life period is> 200d. Spinosad is A mixture of more than ten components, the main components are A and D. The melting point of glycostatin A is 84~99.5 ℃, the vapor pressure is 3.2 × 10-10Pa, and the solubility in water is 290mg/L (pH = 5.0), 235mg/L (pH = 7.0), 16mg/L (pH = 9.0); Distribution coefficients were 2.8, 4.0, 5.2 at the corresponding pH value. The melting point of spinosad D is 161.5~170 ℃, the vapor pressure is 2.1 × 10-10Pa, and the solubility in water is 29mg/L (pH = 5.0) and 0.332mg/L (pH = 7.0), respectively. 0.053mg/L (pH = 90.0); The distribution coefficients were 3.2, 4.5 and 5.2 respectively at the corresponding pH values. |
spinosad - Risk and Safety
| UN IDs | 3077 |
| Hazard Class | 9 |
| Packing Group | III |
spinosad - Nature
Open Data Verified Data
- The original drug is A solid and is A mixture of spinosyn A and spinosyn D, so it is called spinosad. Insoluble in water. The solubility (mass fraction) of spinosyn A in acetone, acetonitrile, ethyl acetate, dichloromethane, hexane and toluene was 16. 78%, 13. 40%, 3. 69%, 52. 50%, 0.45% and 45. 70%;spinosyn D was 1.01%, 0.26%, 2. 30%, 44. 80%, 0.07% and 15. 20%.spinosyn A has A melting point of 84-99.5 °c and spinosynD has A melting point of 161.5-170 °c.
- dosage form single dose 2. 5% doxorubicin suspension, 25g/L, 480g/L doxorubicin suspension, 0. 02% multi killing bait, and with chlorpyrifos and lambda cyhalothrin compound agent.
Last Update：2024-01-02 23:10:35
spinosad - Preparation Method
Open Data Verified Data
The producing strain was the soil actinomycete spinosad (Saccharopolyspora spinosa), originally isolated from an abandoned distillate in the Caribbean. The United States Dow Yinong found that the bacteria can produce compounds with very high insecticidal activity.
Last Update：2022-01-01 11:18:40
spinosad - Introduction
It can be miscible with alcohols, aliphatic hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons, halogenated hydrocarbons, esters, ethers and ketones in any proportion. It is easy to decompose when seeing light and hydrolyze quickly.
Last Update：2022-10-16 17:13:22
spinosad - Use
Open Data Verified Data
microbial insecticides, which have gastric and contact effects on insects, can cause rapid death of various pests such as lepidopteran larvae, thrips and leaf-eating beetle. Mainly used in fruit trees, tea, vegetables, turf and other crops, control nematodes, thrips, latent leaf insects and many other pests, the dosage of 0. 8~1.Og/ 667 (active ingredient). Control of diamondback moth, can be used 2. 5% suspension (cabbage) 1000~1500 times dilution, in the young larval spray. After 2 times of continuous spraying in each growing season, other insecticides can be used instead. For the prevention and control of thrips, 2.5% suspension (cauliflower) 1000~1500 times dilution can be used to spray at the initial stage of pest occurrence, and young tissues such as flowers, young fruits, Apex and tender shoots are mainly sprayed.
Last Update：2022-01-01 11:18:41
spinosad - Safety
Open Data Verified Data
- is a low toxicity pesticide, acute oral LD50 greater than 3783mg/kg for rats, acute percutaneous LD50 greater than 5000mg/kg for rabbits. Carp LC50 greater than 7.87mg/L, rainbow trout LC50 (96H) lOOmg/L, Daphnia LC50 (48h) 92. 7mg/L; Bee contact toxicity LD50 (48h) was 0.0025ug/only; Quail and wild duck acute oral LD50 was 2000mg/kg; Earthworm acute toxicity LD50 (14d) greater than 970mg/kg. It is very safe for human and animal and environment, but it has certain influence on Mulberry and silkworm.
- 2.5% suspension concentrate is packed in aluminum-plastic composite bags (15mL per pack), the outer packaging is carton, the net capacity of each box is 6L; Or brown polyester bottle packaging, each bottle is lOOmL, the outer packaging is carton, net capacity of 10L per box. Packages should be stored in a ventilated, dry and dedicated warehouse. During the storage and transportation, it should be strictly prevented from being wet and exposed to the sun. It should not be mixed with food, seeds and feed, avoid contact with skin and eyes, and prevent inhalation from mouth and nose.
Last Update：2022-01-01 11:18:42
spinosad - Reference Information
| EPA chemical information | Information provided by: ofmpub.epa.gov (external link) |
| apply | to control cotton bollworm, tobacco worm, vegetable diamondback moth, beet armyworm, thrips and other pests on cotton. |
| use | new biological insecticide, with unique chemical structure and safety and quick-acting characteristics, has won the "President's Green Chemicals Challenge Award" for its low toxicity, low residue and safety characteristics ". Its mode of action is to stimulate the nervous system of insects, resulting in non-functional muscle contraction, failure, and accompanied by tremor and paralysis. It is consistent with the activation of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, and also acts on γ-aminobutyric acid receptor, further contributing to the improvement of its insecticidal activity. This mode of action is favored by people. Spinosad can effectively control Lepidoptera (such as Plutella xylostella, beet nocturnal butterfly, etc.), Diptera and Thysanoptera pests, and can also control some large amounts of leaf ingestion in Coleoptera and Orthoptera Pest species. It cannot effectively control pricking insects and mites. It should be used to control Lepidoptera larvae, thrips and leaf miner flies, etc. It has a good control effect on Plutella xylostella, Spodoptera exigua, leaf miner, thrips, Spodoptera litura and bean pod borer. |
| production method | strain new microorganism polybactericidal polyspora (Saccharo-polyspora spinosa) or mutant strain capable of producing spinosad. The aerial mycelium was produced on composite medium and synthetic medium. The color of the airborne spore group is mainly light yellow and pink, but also white, and the reverse side is yellow to yellowish brown, without obvious pigmentation. The seed medium for fermentation and culture of spinosad polypora was: enzymolysis soybean hydrolysate 3%, yeast extract 0.3%,MgSO4 · H2O 0.2%, glucose 0.5%, maltose. 4%, deionized water 1L, sterilization at 121 ℃ for 30min. The inoculation amount was 10%. The preferred carbon sources for mass production are glucose and maltose, and ribose, xylose, fructose, galactose, mannose, mannitol, soluble starch, potato dextrin, methyl oleate, oils, etc. may also be used. The preferred nitrogen poise is raffinose, peptone milk and digested soybean powder, fish meal, corn extract, yeast extract, hydrolyzed casein, beef paste, etc. Inorganic salts incorporated into the culture medium have conventional soluble salts that can produce the following ions: zinc ions, sodium ions, magnesium ions, ammonium ions, chloride ions, carbonate ions, sulfate ions, nitrate ions, etc. In addition, the culture medium should also have the necessary trace elements needed for the growth and development of microorganisms. If there is a foaming problem, soybean oil can be added to the culture medium to inhibit foaming. The culture temperature of spinosad polypora is 24~33 ℃, and the optimum temperature for producing spinosad is 28~30 ℃. During industrial fermentation, the dissolved oxygen in the tank should be maintained above 60%, preferably above 65%, through ventilation and stirring speed. The pressure in the tank is 0.034MPa. After 7-10 days of separation and extraction, adding an equal volume of acetone, filtering to remove the bacteria, adjusting the pH value of the filtrate to 13, resin adsorption, gradient elution of spinosad A and D with 0-95% methanol: acetonitrile = 1:1 (containing sodium 0.1% acetate) solution, collecting eluate in sections to obtain spinosad eluate, and concentrating to obtain spinosad concentrated solution. Dilute the concentrated solution with petroleum ether, add silica gel chromatographic column, elute with petroleum ether and methanol gradient, and collect in sections to obtain spinosad A and D eluents. Analysis and detection of high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Column: ODS-AO, liquid phase: acetonitrile/methanol/water = 40/40/20 (containing 0.05% ammonium acetate), flow rate 3 mL/min, detection wavelength: 250nm. |
| toxic substance data | information provided by: pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov (external link) |
Last Update：2024-04-09 20:52:54
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