D-木糖
D(+)-木糖(D(+)-Xylose)
CAS: 58-86-6;133-56-2;141492-19-5
化学式: C5H10O5
性质
木糖为五碳糖，在开链式醛式结构与争环氧式半缩醛结构之间存在动态平衡，因而存在变旋光现象。比旋光度[alDo为+18.6。～+92。。木糖为无色或白色结晶，或白色结晶性粉末，略有特殊
气味和爽口甜味。易溶于水和热乙醇，不溶于乙醇、乙醚，相对密度为1. 525，熔点144℃，甜度约为蔗糖的40%，人体不能消化吸收。
制法
木糖广泛存在于植物中，如蔗渣、油茶壳、玉米芯和稻壳等，以上农副产品中大多含有丰富的纤维素、半纤维素和木质素，纤维素和半纤维素经水解可转化为相应的糖类，溶解于水，成为混合糖溶液，溶液再经精制、浓缩、加氢等处理后可得到糖醇，半纤维素中的多缩戊糖，在水解时分子中苷键断裂，与水分子结合可生成木糖，木质素在水解过程中无变化可沉淀除去，用来造纸或另作他用。通常的制备方法有中和法、离子交换脱酸法、电渗析脱酸法、结晶法、连续水解层析分离法等。其中中和法与离子交换脱酸法是成熟的工艺路线。1、中和法。2、离子交换脱酸法。
用途
为无热量甜味剂，适用于肥胖症患者和糖尿病患者，也是制酱色的原料及香料原料。
| 中文名 | D(+)-木糖 |
| 英文名 | D(+)-Xylose |
| 别名 | D-木糖 D(+)-木糖 D-木糖(木糖) D(+)木糖,戊醛糖,木质醛糖,五碳醛糖 D-(+)-XYLOSE D-(+)-木糖 木糖(木质醛糖,戊醛糖,D-戊醛糖,D(+)木质醛糖,戊醣,D-(+)-木糖,五碳醛糖) |
| 英文别名 | D-XYL XYLOSE XYLOSE-D D-Xylose HSDB 3273 FEMA 3606 WOOD SUGAR (+)-Xylose CCRIS 1899 D(+)-Xylose BRN 1562108 FEMA No. 3606 XYLOSE, D-(+)- D-xylopyranose D-XYLOPYRANOSE UNII-A1TA934AKO D-(+)-WOOD SUGAR beta-D-xylopyranose alpha-D-xylopyranose 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydroxypentanal 4-01-00-04223 (Beilstein Handbook Reference) |
| CAS | 58-86-6 133-56-2 141492-19-5 |
| EINECS | 200-400-7 |
| 化学式 | C5H10O5 |
| 分子量 | 150.13 |
| InChI | InChI=1/C5H10O5/c6-1-3(8)5(10)4(9)2-7/h1,3-5,7-10H,2H2/t3-,4+,5+/m0/s1 |
| 密度 | 1.525 |
| 熔点 | 154-158°C(lit.) |
| 沸点 | 191.65°C (rough estimate) |
| 比旋光度 | 20 º (c=10, H2O) |
| 闪点 | > 100°(212°F) |
| 水溶性 | soluble |
| 蒸汽压 | 1.22E-08mmHg at 25°C |
| 溶解度 | H2O: 1m在20 °C，澄清，无色 |
| 折射率 | 20 ° (C=10, H2O) |
| 酸度系数 | pKa (18°): 12.14 |
| PH值 | 4.0-6.0 (25℃, 1M in H2O) |
| 存储条件 | Sealed in dry,Room Temperature |
| 稳定性 | 稳定。与强氧化剂不相容。 |
| 敏感性 | Hygroscopic |
| 外观 | 细结晶粉末 |
| 比重 | 1.535 |
| 颜色 | White |
| 气味 | Odorless |
| 最大波长(λmax) | ['λ: 260 nm Amax: 0.05', , 'λ: 280 nm Amax: 0.05'] |
| Merck | 14,10087 |
| BRN | 1562108 |
| 物化性质 | 无色至白色结晶或白色结晶性粉末，略有特殊气味和爽口甜味。甜度约为蔗糖的40%。相对密度1.525，熔点114℃，呈右旋光性和变旋光性，比旋光度[α]D20+92°～+18.6°。易溶于水(125g/100m1)和热乙醇，不溶于乙醇和乙醚。人体无法消化，不能利用。天然品存在于多种成熟水果中。 |
| MDL号 | MFCD00064360 |
| 危险品标志 | Xi - 刺激性物品 |
| 风险术语 | 36/37/38 - 刺激眼睛、呼吸系统和皮肤。 |
| 安全术语 | S24/25 - 避免与皮肤和眼睛接触。 S36 - 穿戴适当的防护服。 S26 - 不慎与眼睛接触后，请立即用大量清水冲洗并征求医生意见。 |
| WGK Germany | 2 |
| RTECS | ZF2285000 |
| FLUKA BRAND F CODES | 3 |
| TSCA | Yes |
| 海关编号 | 29400090 |
| Hazard Note | Irritant |
| 上游原料 | 纯碱 碳 硫酸 |
| 下游产品 | 木糖醇 |
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D-木糖 - 性质
可信数据
木糖为五碳糖，在开链式醛式结构与争环氧式半缩醛结构之间存在动态平衡，因而存在变旋光现象。比旋光度[alDo为+18.6。～+92。。木糖为无色或白色结晶，或白色结晶性粉末，略有特殊
气味和爽口甜味。易溶于水和热乙醇，不溶于乙醇、乙醚，相对密度为1. 525，熔点144℃，甜度约为蔗糖的40%，人体不能消化吸收。
最后更新：2024-01-02 23:10:35
D-木糖 - 制法
可信数据
木糖广泛存在于植物中，如蔗渣、油茶壳、玉米芯和稻壳等，以上农副产品中大多含有丰富的纤维素、半纤维素和木质素，纤维素和半纤维素经水解可转化为相应的糖类，溶解于水，成为混合糖溶液，溶液再经精制、浓缩、加氢等处理后可得到糖醇，半纤维素中的多缩戊糖，在水解时分子中苷键断裂，与水分子结合可生成木糖，木质素在水解过程中无变化可沉淀除去，用来造纸或另作他用。通常的制备方法有中和法、离子交换脱酸法、电渗析脱酸法、结晶法、连续水解层析分离法等。其中中和法与离子交换脱酸法是成熟的工艺路线。1、中和法。2、离子交换脱酸法。
最后更新：2022-01-01 11:13:34
D-木糖 - 标准
可信数据
本品按干燥品计算，含C5 H10 0 5应为98. 0 %〜102. 0 %。
最后更新：2024-01-02 23:10:35
D-木糖 - 性状
可信数据
- 本品为白色或类白色晶体，或无色针状物，略有甜味。
- 本品在水中易溶，在热乙醇中溶解，在乙醇中微溶。
比旋度
取本品约10g，精密称定，置100ml量瓶中，用水80ml与氨试液lm l溶解，用水稀释至刻度，摇勻，放置3 0分钟，依法测定（通则0621)，比旋度为+ 18.5。〜+ 19. 5。
最后更新：2022-01-01 11:20:50
D-木糖 - 介绍
药理药效：对人体肠道内的双歧杆菌有较高的增殖作用，能改善人体微生态坏境，提高机体免疫能力，主要用于制取木糖醇，在食品加工，制药工业也有广泛应用。
最后更新：2022-10-16 17:26:36
D-木糖 - 用途
可信数据
为无热量甜味剂，适用于肥胖症患者和糖尿病患者，也是制酱色的原料及香料原料。
最后更新：2022-01-01 11:13:35
D-木糖 - 鉴别
可信数据
- 取本品0. lg ，加水10ml溶解后，加碱性酒石酸铜试液3ml，加热，即产生红色沉淀。
- 在含量测定项下记录的色谱图中，供试品溶液主峰的保留时间应与对照品溶液主峰的保留时间一致。
- 本品的红外光吸收图谱应与对照品的图谱一致（通则0402) 。
最后更新：2022-01-01 11:20:51
D-木糖 - 检查
可信数据
酸度
取本品5.0g，加水25ml使溶解，依法测定（通则0631)，p H 值为5 .0〜7 .0。
溶液的澄清度与颜色
取本品l .O g ,用水10m丨溶解后，依法检查(通则0901与通则0902)，溶液应澄清无色。
氯化物
取本品l_0 g，依法检查（通则0801) ，与标准氯化钠溶液5. 0m l制成的对照液比较，不得更浓（0.005% )。
硫酸盐
取本品2.0g，依法检査（通则0802) ，与标准硫酸钾溶液1 .0m l制成的对照液比较，不得更浓(0.005% )。
有关物质
取本品适量，精密称定，用流动相溶解并稀释制成每lm l中约含5mg的溶液，作为供试品溶液；精密量取lm l ,置100ml量瓶中，用流动相稀释至刻度，摇匀，作为对照溶液。照含量测定项下的方法，取对照溶液20^1注人液相色谱仪，调节检测灵敏度，使主成分色谱峰的峰髙约为满量程的25% ; 精密量取供试品溶液和对照溶液各20^x1,分别注人液相色谱仪，记录色谱图至主成分峰留时间的3倍，供试品溶液色谱图中如有杂质峰，单个杂质峰面积不得大于对照溶液主峰面积（1.0% )，各杂质峰面积的和不得大于对照溶液主峰面积的2倍(2. 0% )。
干燥失重
取本品l .O g ,在105°C干燥至恒重（通则0831)，减失重量不得过0 .3%。
炽灼残渣
取本品l.O g，依法检查（通则0841) ，遗留残渣不得过0 .1%。
铁盐
取本品2.0g，依法检查（通则0807) ，与标准铁溶液1 .0m l制成的对照溶液比较，不得更深(0.0005% )。
重金属
取本品2.0g，用水20ml溶解后，加醋酸盐缓冲液(pH 3.5)2ml，依法检査(通则0821第一法），含重金属不得过百万分之十。
最后更新：2022-01-01 11:20:52
D-木糖 - 含量测定
可信数据
照高效液相色谱法(通则0512)测定。
色谱条件与系统适用性试验
以氨基键合硅胶为填充剂；以乙腈-水（65 : 35)为流动相；示差检测器，检测器温度4 0 C ;柱温45*€。取D -木糖与果糖，用流动相溶解并定量稀释制成每lm l中约含D-木糖与果糖为lm g与0. 2mg的系统适用性溶液，摇匀，取20卩1，注人液相色谱仪，记录色谱图。D-木糖峰与果糖峰的分离度应大于1 .5。
测定法
取本品适量，精密称定，用流动相溶解稀释并定量制成每lm l中约含lm g的溶液，摇匀，精密量取20^1，注人液相色谱仪，记录色谱图；另取木糖对照品，同法测定，按外标法以峰面积计算，即得。
最后更新：2022-01-01 11:20:52
D-木糖 - 类别
可信数据
药用辅料，甜味剂和稀释剂等。
最后更新：2022-01-01 11:20:53
D-木糖 - 贮藏
可信数据
密闭，在阴凉干燥处保存。
最后更新：2022-01-01 11:20:53
D-木糖 - 简介
D(+)-木糖是一种天然出现的单糖，也被称为D-木糖或D-蓖麻糖。以下是关于D(+)-木糖的性质，用途，制法和安全信息的介绍：
性质：
- 外观：无色结晶性粉末
- 味道：甜味
- 可溶性：可溶于水，微溶于醇类溶剂
用途：
- 生物科学研究：D(+)-木糖是细胞生物学界常用的试剂，可用于分离和培养细胞。
制法：
- 从天然来源获取：D(+)-木糖可从植物或微生物中提取得到。
- 化学合成：D(+)-木糖可以通过化学方法合成。
安全信息：
- D(+)-木糖一般被认为是对人体无害的。
- 直接食用时需要控制摄入量，避免过量使用。
- 长期大量摄入可能会对血糖水平产生影响，应避免超量摄入。
性质：
- 外观：无色结晶性粉末
- 味道：甜味
- 可溶性：可溶于水，微溶于醇类溶剂
用途：
- 生物科学研究：D(+)-木糖是细胞生物学界常用的试剂，可用于分离和培养细胞。
制法：
- 从天然来源获取：D(+)-木糖可从植物或微生物中提取得到。
- 化学合成：D(+)-木糖可以通过化学方法合成。
安全信息：
- D(+)-木糖一般被认为是对人体无害的。
- 直接食用时需要控制摄入量，避免过量使用。
- 长期大量摄入可能会对血糖水平产生影响，应避免超量摄入。
最后更新：2024-04-09 02:00:09
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